var data = [{
        "id": "1",
        "question": "1. 下面哪项关于检查的说法是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": "可以不由项目团队成员进行",
            "B": "可以测试潜在客户的未来期望",
            "C": "只能对最终产品进行检查",
            "D": "可以防止在交付前，将带有缺陷的产品提交给客户"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "1.答案：D。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版 8. 3. 2. 3。可以在产品开发的任何时候由任何层次（包括项目团队）进行检查。检查的目的在于确保不会将带有缺陷的产品提交给客户。"
    },
    {
        "id": "2",
        "question": "2.审计已将某项目大大超过预算的若干原因记录在案。报告中的以下各项中，哪项最不可信?",
        "options": {
            "A": " CPI=1.05没有得到及时汇报",
            "B": " 项目期限估计不准确",
            "C": " 模拟估算不当",
            "D": " 20%货源延误"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "2.参考答案：A。项目超过预算，说明CPI<1。"
    },
    {
        "id": "3",
        "question": "3.以下哪项的描述包含在成本管理计划内？",
        "options": {
            "A": "需要估算的准确性层级、衡量成本绩效的原则、阐述历时估算的规范。",
            "B": "阐述估算的规范，衡量成本绩效的原则、需要估算的准确性层级。",
            "C": "衡量团队绩效的规范、需要估算的准确性层级、阐述估算的规范。",
            "D": "阐述估算的规范、需要估算的风险层级、衡量成本绩效的原则。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "3.解析：1.根据成本管理计划的定义及相关知识点描述，可知选项B正确；2.选项A中的“历时估算的规范”是时间管理计划的内容；3.选项C中的“衡量团队绩效的规范”是人力资源管理计划的内容；4.选项D中的“需要估算的风险层级”是风险管理计划的内容。答案B"
    },
    {
        "id": "4",
        "question": "4. 在规划时，项目经理发现部分工作范围没有定义。项目经理应该怎么作？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 将这部分工作范围从项目中去掉，并把它放到项目升级里",
            "B": " 继续规划项目，直到工作范围完成定义",
            "C": " 当范围定义后，对项目进行一次变更",
            "D": " 求助于管理层完成工作定义"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "4.参考答案：B。发现范围没有定义清晰，就继续定义清晰"
    },
    {
        "id": "5",
        "question": "5. 根据下表，如果年消费是$4000，利息是10%，那么三年后总消费现值是多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": "$9608。",
            "B": "$7206。",
            "C": "$9944。",
            "D": "$6551。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "5.答案：C。",
        "img": [
            "./images/5.png"
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "6",
        "question": "6. 项目经理无力让团队成员顺利完成工作，他认为可以通过更改奖励系统来解决这一问题。项目干系人的数量已经增加到了20个，越来越多的活动延期。管理层告诉你，如果竞争对手首先运用无线技术研发出新产品，你的项目将会拥有更高的优先级。为此，项目经理应该怎么做？",
        "options": {
            "A": "重新进行活动估算，并制定新的进度表。",
            "B": "实施配置管理。",
            "C": "重新制定项目工作授权系统。",
            "D": "对风险事件的诱发因素采取更好的应对措施。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "6.解析：1.题干没有任何信息说明项目文件出了问题（选项B）；2.工作授权系统规定如何授权项目工作，以保证该工作由正确的组织、在正确的时间、以正确的顺序执行,工作授权系统包括发布工作授权所需的步骤、文件、跟踪系统以及审批层次。现在的问题是越来越多的活动发生延期，选项C无助于问题解决；3.对风险诱因采取应对措施更可能是组织过程资产，对未来类似问题的解决有帮助，但不能有效的解决进度问题，所以选项D错误。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "7",
        "question": "7. 关于定义范围，哪一种陈述是错误的?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 定义范围是项目成败的关键。",
            "B": " 定义范围义改善了成本、历时和资源估算的准确性。",
            "C": " 定义范围使项目经理进行明确的职责分配。",
            "D": " 定义范围把项目组成部分分解到可交付成果层面。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "7.解析：见5.3定义范围，职责分配是制定人力资源计划的输出。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "8",
        "question": "8.一位项目经理在项目实施阶段从另一位项目经理手中接过项目。前任项目经理编制了项目预算，确定了沟通需要并在继续完成工作包。新任项目经理接下来应该做什么? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 协调工作包的实施。 ",
            "B": " 识别质量标准。",
            "C": " 开始风险识别。",
            "D": " 执行项目计划。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "8.解析：前任项目经理已经编制了项目预算，也确定了沟通需求，并且在继续完成工作，这是在进行执行工作，识别质量标准说法不可行，不能在执行过程中才识别质量标准，那已经完成的工作包到底是不是符合质量要求？前期的工作没有质量标准是怎么开展的，以什么为标准来控制质量，因此这题不能选B，应该选D执行项目计划。答案D"
    },
    {
        "id": "9",
        "question": "9. 下面哪一项不在事业环境因素中？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 行业标准",
            "B": "人事管理制度",
            "C": " 政治氛围",
            "D": " 变更控制程序"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "9.参考答案：D知识要点：组织过程资产与事业环境因素的区别"
    },
    {
        "id": "10",
        "question": "10.项目生命周期的哪个阶段具有最大的不确定性?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 概念阶段",
            "B": " 规划阶段",
            "C": " 执行阶段 ",
            "D": " 收尾阶段"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "10.参考答案：A知识要点：项目开始，很不确定，风险大"
    },
    {
        "id": "11",
        "question": "11. 下面都是创建WBS这一过程的输入，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 工作分解结构",
            "B": " 项目范围说明书",
            "C": " 需求文件",
            "D": " 组织过程资产"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "11.参考答案：A。"
    },
    {
        "id": "12",
        "question": "12. 你是一个大型政府项目的成员。你知道合同规定所有设备必须在美国生产。你看到团队中一个资深成员正在用国外生产的一件设备来替换锈蚀的配件。你面对这个人提出问题，他说他按照项目经理的指令做的，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不做什么，项目经理做的决策。",
            "B": " 立即向政府报告。",
            "C": " 更新你的简历找新的工作。",
            "D": " 和项目经理交流这个情况，再作决定。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "12.参考答案：D知识要点：先沟通，再作决定"
    },
    {
        "id": "13",
        "question": "13.在一次团队会议上，一团队成员索要将用于评估项目绩效的测量标准。这位团队成员认为有些测量标准不符合他所从事的活动。此时，项目处于哪个管理过程组？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 收尾。",
            "B": " 监控。",
            "C": " 执行。",
            "D": " 启动。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "13.解析：此题可用排除法，“索要将用于评估项目绩效的测量标准。这位团队成员认为有些测量标准不符合他所从事的活动。”表明绩效标准已经确认，而且目前团队成员正在按照标准工作中，很容易排除A和D。进一步研读题干很显然描述的并非实际的测量活动，而是在执行阶段的一次会议上讨论控制问题，故排除B。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "14",
        "question": "14. 你是一个新项目经理，而且从来没有管理过项目，你被要求策划一个新项目。在规划阶段要使你增加成功的几率，你最好靠____。",
        "options": {
            "A": " 你的直觉",
            "B": " 你的培训",
            "C": " 历史信息",
            "D": " 职责矩阵"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "14.参考答案：C知识要点：要参考组织过程资产的历史信息"
    },
    {
        "id": "15",
        "question": "15.哪个项目管理过程组确定并且核准一个项目？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 规划",
            "B": " 监控",
            "C": " 启动",
            "D": " 执行"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "15.参考答案：C知识要点：启动过程组授权开始项目或阶段"
    },
    {
        "id": "16",
        "question": "16. 一个项目经理对 负有最终的责任。",
        "options": {
            "A": "设计和测试规范",
            "B": "项目审批",
            "C": "一旦项目被批准，确保项目没有变更",
            "D": "团队发展"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "16.答案：D。参见本书第10章项目质量管理，项目工程师对和规范负责。项目发起人或高级管理层通常负责项目的批准，项目经验的责任不是防止变更，而是监控变更。团队发展是由项目经理负责的，参见本章表项目经理的角色和职责。"
    },
    {
        "id": "17",
        "question": "17.由于其他项目快要提前完工，客户出现了资金流问题。客户告诉项目经理，他的项目资金到位时间会有限制。目前项目的CPI是1.02，完工估算是927,000美元。如果项目经理打算解决资金到位的限制，他最可能对以下哪项内容进行变更：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 已分配的资源。",
            "B": " 变更请求的数量。",
            "C": " 成本基线。",
            "D": " 项目进度。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "17.解析：简单地讲，范围、时间、成本是项目三重制约要素。项目基准就包括进度基准，成本绩效基准和范围基准；现在范围不变，解决资金有限的问题，就只有调整项目进度。答案D"
    },
    {
        "id": "18",
        "question": "18.项目计划中，通常哪个是最重要的：质量,成本,或者进度？",
        "options": {
            "A": "成本是最重要的，质量其次，进度最后",
            "B": "质量比成本或者进度都更重要",
            "C": "进度是最重要的，质量其次，成本最后",
            "D": "应该根据不同的项目来确定"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "18.答案：D。质量、成本和进度同等重要，除非具体的项目目标使得其中之一最重要。质量、成本、进度、范围、风险和其他因素哪个优先因不同项目而不同。"
    },
    {
        "id": "19",
        "question": "19. 项目经理让若干个项目干系人确定风险概率和一些风险的影响，然后他分析这些数据。他马上就要进入风险管理的下一个环节了。根据上述信息，项目经理忘了做什么事？",
        "options": {
            "A": "评估风险分析趋势",
            "B": "识别触发器",
            "C": "提供标准的风险评级矩阵",
            "D": "编制反馈计划"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "19.答案：C。实施定性风险分析的活动有概率和影响定义，测试假设和概率和风险矩阵开发。"
    },
    {
        "id": "20",
        "question": "20.如果事件1发生的概率为60%，事件2发生的概率为70%，而且两个事件相互独立。则它们同时发生的概率是多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": "10%",
            "B": "42%",
            "C": "60%",
            "D": "70%"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "20.答案：B。对于相互独立的事件，同时发生的概率为各个事件发生的概率的乘积。在本题中，60%×70%＝42%。"
    },
    {
        "id": "21",
        "question": "21.控制图的控制上限和控制下限表明 。",
        "options": {
            "A": "客户将要接受的界限",
            "B": "可以接受的规范界限",
            "C": "可以接受的过程的偏差范围",
            "D": "判断项目成败的统计控制点"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "21.答案C。参见本章控制图相关内容和《PMBOK指南》第五版8.1.2.3中的文字说明。控制图所监控的过程的所有结果都应该落在这个界限（控制上限和控制下限）之内，只要结果落在这个界限内就是可接受的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "22",
        "question": "22. 为了整合核准的范围变更，项目经理应该以_____为起点",
        "options": {
            "A": "批准的预算",
            "B": "项目进度",
            "C": "产品描述",
            "D": "WBS"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "22.答案：D。WBS是范围的准确表达。范围的变更应首先反映到WBS的改变。"
    },
    {
        "id": "23",
        "question": "23. 下面哪种组织形式最需要有效的沟通？",
        "options": {
            "A": "职能型。",
            "B": "项目型。",
            "C": "层次化的。",
            "D": "矩阵型。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "23.答案：D。在矩阵型组织中，由于存在双重报告关系，项目团队成员既要向项目经理报告，又要向职能经理报告，所以信息沟通的有效性显得尤其重要。"
    },
    {
        "id": "24",
        "question": "24. 一个项目SPI=1.05 ，CPI = 0.5，目前的状态？",
        "options": {
            "A": "进度超前，成本节约",
            "B": "成本节约，进度落后",
            "C": "进度落后，成本超支",
            "D": "进度超前，成本超支"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "24.参考答案：D。"
    },
    {
        "id": "25",
        "question": "25. 客户要求你增加项目的工作范围，此项目在预算之内进度稍微提前。你应该做什么？ ",
        "options": {
            "A": "批准这个变更",
            "B": "让客户知道变更对项目的影响 ",
            "C": "请求项目投资人批准此变更 ",
            "D": "从配置管理委员会获得批准"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "25.参考答案：B。变更需要遵循变更管理流程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "26",
        "question": "26.使用工作分解结构的主要原因是:",
        "options": {
            "A": "组织工作",
            "B": "避免工作因失去控制而拖延",
            "C": "为项目估计提供基础",
            "D": "所有上述选项"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "26.参考答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "27",
        "question": "27. 以下关于估算活动历时过程的描述，正确的是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "估算中要包括可能结果的范围。",
            "B": "估算应由资源经理来完成，以提高估算的准确行。",
            "C": "历史信息太旧，不能用于估算中。",
            "D": "当某一活动是初次估算时，应该考虑是否在关键路径上。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "27.解析：1.持续时间的估算是渐进明细的，也就是说在初次估算时不可能太精确，所以估算结果中一般会包括可能结果的范围，也就是选项A；2.估算由负责具体工作的人来完成可以提高估算的准确性，由资源经理来完成并不能提高估算的准确性，所以选项B错；3.专家判断，类比估算和参数估算等估算方法都要使用历史信息，所以选项C错；4.活动持续时间估算完成后才能计算每条路径的持续时间，进而明确关键路径，因此选项D错，逻辑顺序写反了。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "28",
        "question": "28.沟通障碍_________。",
        "options": {
            "A": "会导致项目团队成员之间的信任和合作",
            "B": "会导致严重的冲突",
            "C": "会导致为项目经理创造了更愉快的工作环境",
            "D": "会导致项目在预算范围内按时完成"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "28.答案：B。参见本章沟通障碍部分。"
    },
    {
        "id": "29",
        "question": "29. 下述关于WBS的说法，正确的是？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 所有可交付成果有相同的分解层次",
            "B": " 所有可交付成果应该分解到最大层次",
            "C": " 不同的可交付成果可以有不同的分解层次",
            "D": " 所有可交付成果可以有不同的分解层次"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "29.参考答案：C。"
    },
    {
        "id": "30",
        "question": "30.项目小组在衡量风险应对计划实施的有效性时将计划实施结果与下列哪个因素对比？",
        "options": {
            "A": "可接受的临界风险",
            "B": "风险评分",
            "C": "风险的概率/影响评级",
            "D": "项目的总体风险评级"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "30.答案：A。可接受的临界风险形成了项目小组衡量风险应对计划执行有效性的比较目标。"
    },
    {
        "id": "31",
        "question": "31. 推荐的纠正措施是以下哪项的结果？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 成本累积。",
            "B": " 自下而上估算。",
            "C": " 储备分析。",
            "D": " 成本控制。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "31.解析：储备分析是指在项目的任何时点比较剩余应急储备与剩余风险量，从而确定剩余储备是否仍然合理。答案C排除。几个选项，只有成本控制的输出包括纠正措施。故选D。答案D"
    },
    {
        "id": "32",
        "question": "32.为了使项目更快完成，项目经理查看与赶工每项活动相关的成本，赶工的最佳做法还应该包括查看：",
        "options": {
            "A": "对每项活动赶工的风险影响。",
            "B": "顾客关于对哪项活动赶工的意见。",
            "C": "老板关于对哪项活动赶工以及以什么顺序赶工的看法。",
            "D": "活动将在哪个项目生命期阶段发生。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "32.答案：A。你可能需要你的客户或老板的建议,也可能不需要，但是项目赶工一定要包括一个风险分析。"
    },
    {
        "id": "33",
        "question": "33.县际高速公路项目处于提案阶段已有几十年。附近地区的群众都非常关心生态影响、交通堵塞、环境污染以及噪音等问题，为了能被接受，提案需要满足一定的社区具体需求。最终，社区和当地政府达成了一项协议让项目得以正式进行。为了让项目获得成功，项目经理必须做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": "不断征求社区项目干系人的意见",
            "B": "聘请法律代表，应对与具体需求不符合的情况",
            "C": "就如何符合具体需求问题，与社区项目干系人沟通",
            "D": "增加预算，因为材料可能会更贵"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "33.答案：C。收集需求是为实现项目目标而定义并记录干系人的需求的过程。仔细掌握和管理项目需求与产品需求，对促进项目成功有重要作用。"
    },
    {
        "id": "34",
        "question": "34.下列哪个不是风险管理常见的结果：",
        "options": {
            "A": "建立合同条款。",
            "B": "项目管理计划发生变化。",
            "C": "沟通管理计划发生变化。",
            "D": "项目章程发生变化。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "34.答案：D。章程的改变对项目来说是一个重大的改变，并且可能要求对项目管理计划的所有方面都做出主要的调整。这个并不是风险管理付出的共同结果。"
    },
    {
        "id": "35",
        "question": "35.一名队员在项目中的表现并不好，因为她缺乏系统开发工作的经验。没有人能更胜任这项工作。下列哪个选项是项目经理最好的解决办法？",
        "options": {
            "A": "与职能经理协商，决定给队员项目竣工的奖励。",
            "B": "获得一个更有开发技巧的新资源。",
            "C": "安排这名队员接受培训。",
            "D": "分配一些项目进度储备。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "35.答案：C。项目经理的工作包括为队员提供或获得特定项目的培训。这种类型的培训是项目的直接花费。"
    },
    {
        "id": "36",
        "question": "36.下列关于绩效报告的说法，哪项是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": "在计划和执行阶段进行",
            "B": "在计划和监控阶段进行",
            "C": "在监控和收尾阶段进行",
            "D": "在执行和监控阶段进行"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "36.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版10.3.3.4绩效报告是监控过程的一项文件更新，而且在收尾过程中也需要绩效报告，汇报项目的最终绩效。"
    },
    {
        "id": "37",
        "question": "37. 在以下哪种项目特征中最适合采用强矩阵的项目型组织形式？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 复杂的不确定性、中等技术。",
            "B": " 规模小、不确定性高。",
            "C": " 规模大、新技术。",
            "D": " 时间紧急程度一般、历时久。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "37.解析：强矩阵型组织则具有项目型组织的许多特征，拥有掌握较大职权的全职项目经理和全职的项目行政人员。强矩阵型组织更适合大规模，具有不确定性和新技术型的项目。A选项由于“中等技术”而排除；B选项由于“规模小”而排除；D选项也不是最适合强矩阵型的组织的描述。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "38",
        "question": "38.工作授权系统可以用于:",
        "options": {
            "A": "控制谁做每项工作",
            "B": "控制工作执行的时间和顺序.",
            "C": "控制每项工作的完成时间.",
            "D": "控制谁做每项工作以及每项工作的完成时间"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "38.参考答案：B知识要点：工作授权系统的作用"
    },
    {
        "id": "39",
        "question": "39.项目X 处于测试阶段，并落后于进度，测试团队测试出缺陷，并将其报告给测试经理，这些缺陷归因于11项需求中的4项需求。由于项目落后于进度，项目经理对大量的未解决的缺陷表示担心。项目经理应该采用哪一种工具来分析？",
        "options": {
            "A": "直方图",
            "B": "帕累托图",
            "C": "鱼骨图",
            "D": "快速跟进和赶工"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "39.答案：B。参见PMBOK2012中8.3.2.1，选B。考点：帕累托图。"
    },
    {
        "id": "40",
        "question": "40. 你被任命为一个质量改善项目的项目经理。管理层要求你提供项目管理计划。以下四个选项中，你首先应该制定哪个？",
        "options": {
            "A": "过程保证计划。",
            "B": "质量管理计划。",
            "C": "项目管理计划。",
            "D": "项目范围说明书。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "40.答案：D。首先得制定项目范围说明书，然后才能进行管理计划的制定。"
    },
    {
        "id": "41",
        "question": "41. 活动的浮动时间由以下哪一项决定？",
        "options": {
            "A": "进行蒙特卡罗分析。",
            "B": "确定活动的间隔时间。",
            "C": "确定拖延的时间。",
            "D": "确定活动可以延迟而不延迟关键路径的时间长度。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "41.答案：D。活动的浮动时间是该活动可以延迟而不延误关键路径的时间长度。"
    },
    {
        "id": "42",
        "question": "42.你负责的项目具有中等等级的风险，而且定义并不充分。发起人交给你一份项目章程，并要求你确认项目能够在预算范围内完成，最好的处理方法是？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 根据各种可能的结果估计一个成本范围。",
            "B": " 要求团队成员根据项目章程制定进行估算。",
            "C": " 根据你现有的信息计算一个参数估算。",
            "D": " 根据历史信息提供一份类比估算。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "42.解析：1、题干的关键信息是“范围不清晰，且含有中等风险”，因此最好的方法是列出各种可能性并以此分别估计成本，从而得出成本范围，用的是专家判断。A是正确答案；2、选项B并没有提供任何成本估算的工具或技术，因此不正确。3、参数估算受参数模型的成熟度影响很大，类比估算只有活动在本质上而非表面上类似时才比较可靠。这两种方法都无法反映范围定义不清晰以及项目风险这两个不确定性，因此不是最好的方法。所以C和D都不正确。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "43",
        "question": "43.下列哪一项用横道图比网络图通常能够更好的表示？",
        "options": {
            "A": "逻辑关系",
            "B": "关键路径",
            "C": "资源权衡",
            "D": "进展或状态"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "43.答案：D。横道图(或甘特图、是用来表示与进度有关的信息。作为时间的一个因素，利用横道图展示进展或状态是最好的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "44",
        "question": "44.如果有一次商业行为有60%的可能赚＄50000，40%的可能损失＄20000，那么该行为的预期货币值为_______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "＄50000",
            "B": "＄38000",
            "C": "＄20000",
            "D": "＄22000"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "44.答案：D。预期货币值为事件的各个可能结果的值乘以各自的概率，然后求和。EMV＝60%×5-40%×2＝2.2万美元。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.4.2.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "45",
        "question": "45. 对于外部项目，谁负责提供项目工作说明书",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目经理",
            "B": " 发起人",
            "C": " 客户",
            "D": " 项目管理团队"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "45.参考答案：C知识要点：外部项目，由客户提供SOW"
    },
    {
        "id": "46",
        "question": "46. 项目团队正处于一种新型山地自行车原型的设计阶段。团队正在确定哪种类型的框架和材料将以较低的成本提供较高的性能。为了确定这些变量，最可能使用下列哪项技术？",
        "options": {
            "A": "成本效益分析",
            "B": "Ishikawa图",
            "C": "实验设计",
            "D": "系统图"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "46.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.1.2.5，“实验设计（DOE）是一种统计方法，用来识别哪些因素会对正在开发的流程或正在生产的产品的特定变量产生影响。应在规划质量管理过程中使用DOE，来确定测试的类别、数量，以及这些测试对质量成本的影响。”用于确定不同的因素（框架和材料）对特定变量（成本收益比）的影响的技术，就是实验设计。"
    },
    {
        "id": "47",
        "question": "47.AC=400,CPI=0.875,PV=325，问EV=？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 200",
            "B": " 300",
            "C": " 350",
            "D": " 400"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "47.参考答案：C。EV=AC*CPI=400*0.875=350。"
    },
    {
        "id": "48",
        "question": "48. 以下各项均应在启动阶段完成，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": "识别并归档业务需求。",
            "B": "创建项目范围说明书。",
            "C": "把项目分成不同的阶段。",
            "D": "搜集并评估历史信息。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "48.解析：项目范围说明书（选项B）一般在规划过程制定，是规划过程组“定义范围”的输出。答案B"
    },
    {
        "id": "49",
        "question": "49. 变更请求可能来自：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 对项目章程的回顾。",
            "B": " 对执行项目的组织的战略计划的回顾。",
            "C": " 项目小组解决问题的技能得以提高。",
            "D": " 范围界定出错或遗漏。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "49.解析：1、变更请求对已经完成但未通过正式验收的可交付成果及其未通过验收的原因，应该记录在案，并提出适当的变更请求，以便进行缺陷补救。变更请求应该由实施整体变更控制过程（见4.5节）审查与处理。2、变更请求是针对基准提出的，B对整个项目的评估会产生影响，A比D的范围更广，D更具体、准确一些，C并不会对项目基线的变动产生任何影响，只会对项目执行产生积极效果。答案D"
    },
    {
        "id": "50",
        "question": "50. 你获得项目活动的三种估算。最乐观估算为245天，最悲观估算为269天，最可能估算为257天。这个活动对项目非常关键，你的项目发起人希望获得关于活动历时95%的确定结果，你将向发起人汇报：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 265至273天",
            "B": " 253至261天",
            "C": " 261至277天",
            "D": " 249至265天"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "50.参考答案：D。平均值为257天，标准差为4天。"
    },
    {
        "id": "51",
        "question": "51. 在确定了设计规范后，承包商与业主签订了FFP合同。但由于资金不足，承包商3个月后才开始，作为业主方项目经理你应该: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 实施风险应对计划。",
            "B": " 与承包商谈判项目完成时间。",
            "C": " 为使项目按时完成，增加资源。",
            "D": " 利用管理储备。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "51.解析：1、题目描述场景采购出现问题，项目经理进入管理采购过程，管理采购的目的管理采购关系、监督合同绩效以及采取必要的变更和纠正措施。在FFP合同中，所有合同履行不好的成本由卖方负责；2、项目经理必须为项目结果负责，需要分析承包商合同履行不好对项目的后果，并采取必要的变更和纠正措施，即实施风险应对计划；3、选项B、C、D都是具体的方法，都可以作为A的一部分。4、此题的场景是干扰项，对选择没有作用.答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "52",
        "question": "52.在执行阶段，项目经理跟踪风险并在风险登记册中更新已计划风险的状态。该登记册中还包含属于实施风险响应直接结果的风险。这个风险可称作下列哪一项？",
        "options": {
            "A": "监控清单",
            "B": "应急储备金",
            "C": "名义风险",
            "D": "次生风险"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "52.答案：D。PMBOK2012中11.5规划风险应对-工具-引言-次生风险"
    },
    {
        "id": "53",
        "question": "53. 下面哪种说法正确解释了“质量是计划出来的，不是检查出来的”？ ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 检查质量的成本大于计划质量的成本。 ",
            "B": " 质量活动发生在项目的计划阶段。 ",
            "C": " 质量是计划而不是检查的一部分。 ",
            "D": " 质量计划是事后的。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "53.解析：第八章前言中有对项目质量管理的介绍，基本信条之一是，预防胜于检查：质量应该被规划和设计，并且在项目的管理过程或可交付成果生产过程中建造出来（而不是检查出来的）。预防错误的成本通常远低于在检查或使用中发现并纠正的错误成本。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "54",
        "question": "54.WBS被认为是跟踪__的最好的工具",
        "options": {
            "A": " 进度",
            "B": " 资源",
            "C": " 成本",
            "D": " 范围"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "54.参考答案：D。WBS组织并定义项目的总范围。"
    },
    {
        "id": "55",
        "question": "55. 控制质量是一个",
        "options": {
            "A": " 规划过程",
            "B": " 执行过程",
            "C": " 监控过程",
            "D": " 收尾过程"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "55.参考答案：C知识要点：项目管理过程组与知识领域"
    },
    {
        "id": "56",
        "question": "56.你的公司的项目审查委员会每个季度召开会议审查所有预算超过二百万美元的项目。你最近被提升为高级项目经理，并承担了最大的项目之一，即开发下一代计算机辅助生产流程。审查委员会要求你在下次会议上说明项目的目标、工作内容和成果。为此你需要准备以下哪个文件？",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目章程。",
            "B": "产品描述。",
            "C": "范围说明。",
            "D": "工作分解结构。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "56.答案：C。范围说明指明项目的目标、工作内容和成果。"
    },
    {
        "id": "57",
        "question": "57. 为了有效地管理一个项目，工作应当被分解为小块。下列哪一项不是描述工作应当被分解到什么程度？",
        "options": {
            "A": "直到有一个有意义的结论",
            "B": "直到不可以在逻辑上继续分解",
            "C": "直到可以被一个人完成",
            "D": "直到可以被实际地估算"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "57.答案：C。WBS的最低级是可以由不止一个人来完成。其他的选项是工作包的多个方面。"
    },
    {
        "id": "58",
        "question": "58. 下面哪项说法不正确？ ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目经理需要判断项目干系人的技能",
            "B": " 项目干系人对项目的影响必须被评估 ",
            "C": " 在决定项目计划时不需要考虑项目干系人，除非他们是项目团队的一部分",
            "D": " 项目干系人管理是项目计划的一部分"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "58.参考答案：C知识要点：制定项目管理计划，要鼓励所有干系人参与"
    },
    {
        "id": "59",
        "question": "59. 什么是当今组织中冲突的首要和潜在原因？",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目目标和职能部门目标的冲突。",
            "B": "在工作中产生的大量的变更。",
            "C": "环境的限制。",
            "D": "个人之间的冲突。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "59.答案：A。项目的目标如果与职能部门的目标发生冲突，将是最难处理和解决的，也是可能产生最严重后果的冲突，选项B。C和D所阐述的都是在项目过程中可能发生冲突的原因，都可以在项目内部加以解决。"
    },
    {
        "id": "60",
        "question": "60. 项目的所有者通常有权力修改项目的范围。经常，项目所有者口头上提出变更并坚持不需要正常文档（例如变更通知单)当不需文档起动变更时＿＿。",
        "options": {
            "A": "所有者在变更时需要承担全部责任。",
            "B": "所有者应该承担变更成本的一半直至完成文档。",
            "C": "项目经理承担所有变更风险直至收到相应的文档。",
            "D": "项目经理只承担误解口头变更的行为，而所有者承担要求变更的责任。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "60.答案：C。因此一定要有相应文档。"
    },
    {
        "id": "61",
        "question": "61. 一个活动从它的最早开工起到可以延迟而不至于影响到项目完工日期的时间段被称为:",
        "options": {
            "A": " 自由浮动时间。",
            "B": " 总浮动时间。",
            "C": " 提前。",
            "D": " 滞后。"
        },
        "analysis": "61.解析：自由浮动时间是指在不延误任一紧后活动最早开始日期的前提下，某进度活动可以推迟的时间量。“自由浮动时间”的对象是“某进度活动”。选项A错误，自由浮动时间是指在不延误任一紧后活动最早开始日期的前提下，某进度活动可以推迟的时间量。选项C和D根本不是时间段的概念，可直接排除。根据以上定义可以看出，选项B正确。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "62",
        "question": "62. 项目经理要开始做一个信息系统，和他刚刚完成的一个系统非常相似，他应该采用什么样的技术方法去估算？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 类比估算",
            "B": " 专家判断",
            "C": " 历史信息",
            "D": " 参数估算"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "62.参考答案：A。类比估算的例子。"
    },
    {
        "id": "63",
        "question": "63. 谁负责制定范围基准？",
        "options": {
            "A": "职能经理。",
            "B": "项目团队。",
            "C": "所有干系人。",
            "D": "项目联络员。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "63.解析：1.范围基准的三项内容都是由项目团队（B）创建.2.选项C有极强的干扰作用，但像客户·发起人等干系人可以会提出期望和需求，却并不会直接参与基准的制定。答案B"
    },
    {
        "id": "64",
        "question": "64. 经验教训文件用于哪里？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 执行阶段",
            "B": " 启动阶段",
            "C": " 项目生命周期",
            "D": " 规划阶段"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "64.参考答案：C知识要点：经验教训文件是组织过程资产里重要的一部分，在整个项目生命周期都需要参考到"
    },
    {
        "id": "65",
        "question": "65.The performance measurement baseline is the",
        "options": {
            "A": " BAC",
            "B": " EV ",
            "C": " AC ",
            "D": " ACWS"
        },
        "traQue": "绩效测量基准是:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "BAC ",
            "B": "EV",
            "C": "AC",
            "D": "ACWS"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "65.参考答案：A。BAC就是成本绩效基准。"
    },
    {
        "id": "66",
        "question": "66. You are working on a project that is similar in scope to a project performed last year by your company. You might consider which of the following? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Using the previous project’s alternatives identification as a template ",
            "B": " Reusing the previous project’s benefit/cost analysis as justification for this project ",
            "C": " Using the previous project’s WBS as a template ",
            "D": " Reusing the previous project’s product description when writing the scope statement "
        },
        "traQue": "你正在进行的一个项目和你公司去年进行的一个项目的范围是类似的。你可以考虑下列哪一项？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 利用从前项目的方案识别作为模板",
            "B": " 重复利用从前项目的效益/成本分析作为验证该项目的依据",
            "C": " 利用从前项目的WBS作为模板",
            "D": " 撰写范围说明书时重复利用从前项目的产品描述"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "66.参考答案：C。参考组织过程资产的历史信息，即从前项目的WBS模版。"
    },
    {
        "id": "67",
        "question": "67.During project executing, a major problem occurs that was not included in the risk register. What should you do FIRST? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Create a workarounD",
            "B": " Reevaluate the risk identification process. ",
            "C": " Look for any unexpected effects of the problem. ",
            "D": " Tell management."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目执行阶段，发生了一严重的问题，该问题不在风险记录上。你应该先怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "建立权变措施",
            "B": "重新评估识别风险过程",
            "C": "寻找该问题未预期的影响",
            "D": "告知管理层"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "67.答案：A。注意这是一个已经发生的问题，而不是已经识别的问题。正确程序的下一步是职业和社会责任。因为发生了未识别的问题或风险，进行选项B和C很重要。但是，它们不是你的第一选择。你可能要通知管理层，但是这是被动的，不是主动的，而且也不是你第一要做的事。"
    },
    {
        "id": "68",
        "question": "68. Costs of quality include。",
        "options": {
            "A": "the total of all costs incurred to assure the production and delivery of acceptable products and services",
            "B": "only costs classified as prevention，detection and corrective action",
            "C": "only the costs of scrap. rework due to defects，customer returns and warranty costs",
            "D": "the expense of upper management"
        },
        "traQue": "质量成本包括 。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "发生在确保生产和交付合格产品和服务的总费用",
            "B": "只用于防止、检查和纠正上的费用",
            "C": "只用于废品、由于缺陷而进行的返工、客户退回的产品和担保的费用",
            "D": "高层管理的费用"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "68.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.1.2.2。B、C和D都不完全。"
    },
    {
        "id": "69",
        "question": "69. The successful project managers spend most of their time___.",
        "options": {
            "A": "planning with their personnel",
            "B": "planning with top management",
            "C": "communicating with the project team",
            "D": "studying project results"
        },
        "traQue": "成功的项目经理花费大多数的时间在___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "和他们的团队成员进行计划",
            "B": "和他们的上层管理进行计划",
            "C": "和项目团队沟通",
            "D": "研究项目结果"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "69.答案：C。项目经理80%以上的时间用在沟通上。"
    },
    {
        "id": "70",
        "question": "70. A project manager is creating a risk response plan. However, every time a risk response is suggested, another risk is identified that is caused by the response. Which of the following is the BEST thing for the project manager to do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Document the new risks and continue the Plan Risk Responses process.",
            "B": " Make sure the project work is better understooD",
            "C": " Spend more time making sure the risk response are clearly defineD",
            "D": " Get more people involved in the Identify Risks process since risks have been misseD"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在制定风险应对计划。然而，每制定一个风险应对计划，就会导致另一新的风险产生。项目经理应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "记录新风险，继续进行规划风险应对过程。",
            "B": "确保项目工作被更好地理解。",
            "C": "花点时间确认一下风险应对计划定义的是否清晰。",
            "D": "让更多的人参与到识别风险过程，以防止遗漏风险。"
        },
        "analysis": "70.解析：此题描述的是次生风险问题。在完成规划风险应对过程中识别次生风险对项目是有益的。对于次生风险不能忽视，需要记录下来，加入日后的观察清单，以便日后审查。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "71",
        "question": "71.What is the result of bidder conferences held during the Conduct Procurement process?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Procurement statement of work.",
            "B": " Proposal.",
            "C": " A clear and common understanding of the work requireD",
            "D": " Contract."
        },
        "traQue": "实施采购阶段中召开的投标人会议的结果是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "合同工作说明书",
            "B": "建议书",
            "C": "对所需工作有了一个清晰的、共同的理解",
            "D": "合同"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "71.答案：C。所属过程组：执行过程组。所属知识领域：项目采购管理。解析：根据PMBOK12.2.2.1关于“投标人会议”的描述可知选项C正确。"
    },
    {
        "id": "72",
        "question": "72. Requirements for formal contract acceptance and closeout usually are defined in the ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Proposal.",
            "B": " Statement of work.",
            "C": " Contract terms and conditions.",
            "D": " Procurement audit report."
        },
        "traQue": "正式的合同接收以及收尾的要求在以下什么文件中通常有说明：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 建议书。",
            "B": " 工作说明书。",
            "C": " 合同条款。",
            "D": " 采购审计报告。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "72.解析：结合12.2.3.2“协议”和12.4.3.1“结束的采购”两个知识点可知正式的合同接收以及收尾的要求在合同条款（C）中定义。工作说明书（B）描述拟采购的产品、服务或成果，建议书（A）和D（采购审计报告）在PMBOK中并未给出详细说明。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "73",
        "question": "73. About midway through the project, the project manager learns that most members of the project team are not reviewing the weekly project updates. What should the project manager do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Create a signature log so team members can indicate when they have read the project updates.",
            "B": " Revise the communications management plans appropriately to meet the informational needs of the stakeholders.",
            "C": " Improve the layout of the weekly project updates to encourage reading by team members.",
            "D": " Require the reading of the project updates in order to receive any rewards on the project."
        },
        "traQue": "项目执行过程中，项目经理发现大部分团队成员不去参考每周项目更新的内容。项目经理应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 制定一个签名日志，这样可以显示团队成员何时阅读了项目更新的内容。",
            "B": " 适当地修改沟通管理计划，以满足干系人对信息的需求。",
            "D": " 强行他们阅读，以便得到奖励。"
        },
        "analysis": "73.解析：1、问题的实质就是缺乏沟通管理计划,大部分成员不去参考，证明得到的信息大部分可能不是自己需要的，所以中间缺乏沟通，需分析成员不参考的原因，故应该选择B。2、从技术上讲，选项A和C也许是很有创意的做法，但不能解决实质问题。3、选项D是奖惩权力，不是首选的解决办法。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "74",
        "question": "74.All of the following are characteristics of the project charter EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " It is the document that formally authorizes a project.",
            "B": " It is issued by a project initiator or sponsor external to the project organization, at a level that is appropriate to funding the project.",
            "C": " It is used primarily to request bids for different phases of a project.",
            "D": " It provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities."
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪项不是项目章程的特点？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 一个正式批准一个项目的文档",
            "B": " 由项目组织以外的项目发起人或出资人发布，其层次根据项目需要",
            "C": " 用来在项目不同的阶段请求标书",
            "D": " 给项目经理提供权利应用组织资源到项目活动中"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "74.参考答案：C知识要点：项目章程是正式批准项目并授权项目经理在项目活动中使用组织资源的文件"
    },
    {
        "id": "75",
        "question": "75. The purpose of the Taguchi method is to 。",
        "options": {
            "A": "manage the flow of material for better visibility and control ",
            "B": "use statistical techniques to compute a “loss function” to determine the cost of producing products that fall to achieve a target value",
            "C": "design，group and manage production operations as self-contained flexible cells capable of start-to-finish processing of a family of items",
            "D": "regulate coordination and communication among process stages"
        },
        "traQue": "田口玄一质量管理方法的目的是 。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "对物资流程进行更好的管理以增加其透明度和可控性",
            "B": "运用统计技术计算损失函数，以确定没有达到目标价值的产品所耗费的成本",
            "C": "作为自包含的柔性单元，能够完成具有开始一结束关系的一组零件的加工过程，对生产操作进行设计、分组和管理",
            "D": "对流程各阶段进行协调和沟通"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "75.答案：B。参见本章田口玄一的理论。"
    },
    {
        "id": "76",
        "question": "76. Control quality should be performed________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "when the product of the project is completed to ensure that no defects exist",
            "B": "throughout the project life cycle",
            "C": "during the closeout phase but before final acceptance by the customer",
            "D": "as desired by the quality assurance department"
        },
        "traQue": "控制质量应该__________被执行。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在项目的产品完成时，以确保没有缺陷存在",
            "B": "在整个项日生命周期",
            "C": "在收尾阶段，但在客户最后接受之前",
            "D": "按照质量保证部门的要求"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "76.答案：B。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.3。“控制质量应贯穿于项目的始终。”控制质量作为监控过程组的一个子过程，在项目的各个阶段都会被执行（《PMBOK指南》第五版3.2）。"
    },
    {
        "id": "77",
        "question": "77. Investment in project quality improvement is most often borne by the ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Sponsoring organization",
            "B": " Project manager",
            "C": " Project team",
            "D": " Project"
        },
        "traQue": "项目质量改进的投资主要由谁来承担？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 发起组织 ",
            "B": " 项目经理",
            "C": " 项目团队",
            "D": " 项目"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "77.参考答案：A。质量改进由组织负责。"
    },
    {
        "id": "78",
        "question": "78. An output of the Close Project or Phase process is the creation of:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Project archives",
            "B": "A project charter",
            "C": "A project management plan",
            "D": "A risk management plan"
        },
        "traQue": "结束项目或阶段过程的一个成果是编制：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目档案",
            "B": "项目章程",
            "C": "项目管理计划",
            "D": "风险管理计划"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "78.答案：A。项目章程是在启动时创建。项目管理计划和风险管理计划是项目规划的成果。项目记录存档在结束项目或阶段过程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "79",
        "question": "79. What’s a risk owner?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Responsible for risk identification. ",
            "B": "An organization that holds the source of the risks. ",
            "C": "An organization that receives the most severe impact by the risk. ",
            "D": "Responsible for implementing the risk response strategy. "
        },
        "traQue": "什么是风险责任人？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "对风险识别负责的人。",
            "B": "掌握风险来源的组织。",
            "C": "受风险影响最严重的组织。",
            "D": "负责实施风险应对策略的人。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "79.答案：D。风险责任人（riskowner）是在风险应对策略确定以后，负责风险应对策略的实施。又称“风险应对责任人”（riskresponseowner）。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.5。风险应对措施应由所有相关方商定并由一名负责人负责。"
    },
    {
        "id": "80",
        "question": "80. A customer has given you a procurement statement of work for a complex, eight-month project that has a few unknowns. The customer has asked you to just \"get it done\" and only wants to see you at the end of eight months when you deliver the finished project. Under these circumstances, which of the following is the BEST thing to do? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Complete the project as requested, but verify its scope with the customer occasionally throughout. ",
            "B": " Complete the project within eight months without contacting the customer during this time. ",
            "C": " Ask management to check in with the customer occasionally. ",
            "D": " Complete the project, but document that the customer did not want contact. "
        },
        "traQue": "一位客户交给你一份采购SOW，去完成一个复杂的、为期8个月的项目。客户告诉你，他只想在8个月后项目结束时得到他想要的，不过，在接到SOW后，你发现还有几个要点尚未明确。客户要求你只管去做就好了，而且只希望在8个月后你把完成的项目交给他。在这种情况下，你最优的做法是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 开始项目，但是要不定期让客户确认范围。",
            "B": " 开始项目，8个月后让客户确认范围。",
            "C": " 让管理层与客户不定期接触。",
            "D": " 开始项目，并将客户不愿意中途联络的要求记录下来。"
        },
        "analysis": "80.解析：D貌似可行，实际是被动的做法，更积极的做法是A，这样可以将题干中“几个要点尚未明确”的问题解决掉。要想项目顺利完成，必须要和客户将需要澄清的问题予以澄清，尽管客户可能很忙，因此B项不正确；项目沟通的职责在项目经理，而不在管理层。因此C不正确。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "81",
        "question": "81. The statistical method that looks at the influence of different factors on specific variables is called 。",
        "options": {
            "A": "design of experiments",
            "B": "benchmarking",
            "C": "variability of factors",
            "D": "ISO"
        },
        "traQue": "一种用于确定不同的因素对特定变量的影响的统计方法，被称为 。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "实验设计",
            "B": "基准分析",
            "C": "因素的可变性",
            "D": "国际标准化组织"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "81.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.1.2.5，实验设计的定义。实验设计（DOE）是一种统计方法，用来识别哪些因素会对正在开发的流程或正在生产的产品的特定变量产生影响。应在规划质量管理过程中实用DOE，来确定测试的类别、数量，以及这些测试对质量成本的影响。"
    },
    {
        "id": "82",
        "question": "82.Which term describes those costs in a contract that are associated with two or more projects but are not traceable to either of them individually?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Variable",
            "B": " Direct",
            "C": " Indirect",
            "D": " Semi variable"
        },
        "traQue": "一个合同所规定的成本中有一部分的内容可能牵扯到多个项目， 但是却不能把这部分成本归为哪一个项目的花费，这部分成本叫做什么:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 变动成本",
            "B": " 直接成本",
            "C": " 间接成本",
            "D": " 半变动成本"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "82.参考答案：C。间接成本的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "83",
        "question": "83. A PM’s boss and the head of engineering discuss a change to a major task. After the meeting, the boss contacts the project manager and tells him go make some changes. This is an example？",
        "options": {
            "A": " A project coordinator position",
            "B": " Change control board meeting",
            "C": " Management attention to time management ",
            "D": " Management involvement in executing"
        },
        "traQue": "一位项目经理的老板和工程领导讨论一个关键任务的变更。会议结束后，该老板与项目经理联系，告诉他做了一些变更。这是一个什么样的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "一位项目协调员的职位",
            "B": "变更控制委员会会议",
            "C": " 对时间管理的管理关注",
            "D": " 管理层参与执行"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "83.参考答案：A知识要点：项目经理应该参与变更管理。如果项目经理没有直接参与变更管理，说明权力太小，只是一个协调员或者联络员的角色"
    },
    {
        "id": "84",
        "question": "84. A project manager is quantifying risk for her project。Several of her experts are offsite，but wish to included。How can this be done？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Use Monte Carlo analysis using the Internet as a tool",
            "B": "Apply, the critical path method",
            "C": "Determine options for recommended corrective action",
            "D": "Use the Delphi technique"
        },
        "traQue": "一名项目经理在为她的项目进行定量分析。她的一些专家都在厂区外，但是希望都参与。这该怎么办呢？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "使用蒙特卡罗分析，把因特网作为一种工具",
            "B": "应用关键路径方法",
            "C": "为推荐的纠正措施决定选择",
            "D": "使用德尔菲法"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "84.答案：D。德尔菲法是获得专家在技术问题上，必须的项目或产品范围，或风险的意见的最常用的方法。"
    },
    {
        "id": "85",
        "question": "85. The terms strong matrix, balanced matrix, and weak matrix when applied to the matrix structure in project organization refer to the",
        "options": {
            "A": " Ability of the organization to achieve its goals",
            "B": " Physical proximity of project team members to one another and to the project manager",
            "C": " Degree of authority the project manager has over team resources",
            "D": " Degree to which team members bond together"
        },
        "traQue": "当对项目组织的矩阵结构采用强矩阵， 平衡矩阵和弱矩阵等词汇时， 它们指的是:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 组织达成目标的能力",
            "B": " 项目小组成员之间的物理距离以及与项目经理的物理距离",
            "C": " 项目经理对项目小组资源的控制能力",
            "D": " 项目小组成员合作的程度"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "85.参考答案：C知识要点：组织结构划分的依据是项目经理的职权大小"
    },
    {
        "id": "86",
        "question": "86. Which of the following BEST describes what a project charter may be used for when the work is being completed?",
        "options": {
            "A": " To make sure all the team members are rewardeD",
            "B": " To help determine if a scope change should be approveD",
            "C": " To assess the effectiveness of the change control system.",
            "D": " To make sure that all the documentation on the project is completeD"
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项描述了在工作完成时，项目章程被用来：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 确保所有的团队成员都得到了奖赏。",
            "B": " 帮助确定范围变更是否被批准。",
            "C": " 评估变更控制系统的效力。",
            "D": " 确保所有项目文件归档工作已经完成。"
        },
        "analysis": "86.解析：选项B的意思应该是“帮助确定是否应该批准范围变更”，批准范围变更需要看范围变更后与项目章程的差别大小，因此，最需要应用到项目章程。选项A，确保所有的团队成员都得到了奖赏与项目章程没有直接关系。选项C，评估变更系统控制的效力，属于变更控制的内容，不是项目章程的内容。选项D，确保所有项目文件归档工作已经完成，属于收尾过程组，与项目章程也无直接关系。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "87",
        "question": "87. What of the following process addresses the risks by their priority, inserting resources and activities into the budget, schedule, and project management plan? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Risk identification.",
            "B": " Qualitative risk analysis.",
            "C": " Risk response planning.",
            "D": " Risk monitoring and control."
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪一个过程根据项目的优先级在项目进度、预算和项目计划中添加资源和活动？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 风险识别。",
            "B": " 风险定性分析。",
            "C": " 风险应对计划。",
            "D": " 风险监控。"
        },
        "analysis": "87.解析：根据“11.5对规划风险应对”的说明可知选项C正确。答案：C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "88",
        "question": "88. In the closing phase of your project, a number of administrative issues must be completed to identify success and failures that warrant recognition in the preparation or administration of other procurement contracts on the project. One way to accomplish this task is to:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Prepare a performance report.",
            "B": " Perform an inspection.",
            "C": " Hold a performance review.",
            "D": " Conduct a procurement audit."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目的收尾阶段，有一些行政议题必须完成，其中一个是找出可供本项目其他采购合同或执行组织内其他项目借鉴的成功经验与失败教训。实现这一任务的方法是:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 准备绩效报告。",
            "B": " 执行一次检查。",
            "C": " 举行绩效审查。",
            "D": " 进行采购审计。"
        },
        "analysis": "88.解析：1、项目进入收尾阶段，在采购管理中处于收尾过程组的过程为结束采购，过程的工具为采购审计和协商解决，按照题干内容分析，本题答案为D；2、选项A的绩效报告向管理层提供关于卖方正在如何向合同目标迈进的信息（12.3.2.4）（P339）；选项B的检查和审计，可以验证卖方的工作过程或所完成的可交付成果对合同的遵守程度（12.3.2.3）（P339）；选项C的绩效审查是一种结构化的审查，旨在依据合同来审查卖方在规定的成本和进度内完成项目范围和达到质量要求的情况（12.3.2.2）（P338）；以上都是管理采购的工具和技术，都与题干描述内容无关，排除；3、此题的场景“项目收尾阶段”、“采购”、“借鉴的成功经验与失败教训”、“方法”为解题的关键信息。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "89",
        "question": "89. Which estimating method tends to be MOST costly for creating a project cost estimate？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Bottom-up",
            "B": "Analogous ",
            "C": "Parametric",
            "D": "50/50"
        },
        "traQue": "为项目进行成本估算时，哪个估算方法成本最高?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "自下而上估算",
            "B": "类比估算",
            "C": "参数估算",
            "D": "50/50法则"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "89.答案：A。因为你需要项目细节来进行估算，用自下而上的估算，花费的努力将会更大。"
    },
    {
        "id": "90",
        "question": "90.The purpose of making a \"backward pass\" is to determine the: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Critical path",
            "B": " Early finish dates ",
            "C": " Late start dates ",
            "D": " finishing dates"
        },
        "traQue": "逆推法的目的是确定:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键路径",
            "B": " 最早完成日期",
            "C": " 最晚开始日期",
            "D": " 赶工日期"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "90.参考答案：C。逆推法从网络图的右端往左端推导，得到每个活动的最晚开始、最晚结束日期。"
    },
    {
        "id": "91",
        "question": "91. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate thing to do during the planning process group?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Determine high-level stakeholders.",
            "B": "Hold a meeting with all stakeholders to make sure everyone is on the same page.",
            "C": "Implement approved process improvements.",
            "D": "Focus on preventing problems rather than dealing with them as they arise."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项在规划过程组完成？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确定高层级的干系人。",
            "B": "和所有干系人召开会议，以确保他们的意见一致。",
            "C": "实施批准的过程改进流程。",
            "D": "尽量避免问题的发生，而不是发生后再去解决。"
        },
        "analysis": "91.解析：1、在规划项目、制定项目管理计划和项目文件时，项目团队应当鼓励所有相关干系人参加。2、选项A是在启动过程组中完成，选项C是在执行过程组中完成，选项D是指项目质量保证和质量控制，发生在执行和监控过程组。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "92",
        "question": "92. What is the target goal for defects per million opportunities using Six Sigma?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 1",
            "B": " 3.4",
            "C": " 34",
            "D": " 100"
        },
        "traQue": "利用六个西格玛作为目标，那么一百万次机会中的缺陷数目为：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 1",
            "B": " 3.4 ",
            "C": " 34",
            "D": " 100"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "92.参考答案：B。六西格玛是指一百万产品中有3.4个次品。"
    },
    {
        "id": "93",
        "question": "93.A construction company conducts bidder conferences for purchasing components for a builders project. The proposals are received and reviewed. One supplier proposes excellent rates that the unrealistic for conducting sustainable business according to internal expert judgment. What should the project manager next?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Ask the supplier to provide additional information about their cost structure.",
            "B": " Ask the procurement department to quickly sign the contract.",
            "C": " Add penalty clauses to the contract to ensure the supplier fulfills their obligations.",
            "D": " Change the cost baseline accordingly."
        },
        "traQue": "一家施工公司为一个建筑项目部件采购召开投标人会议。受到投标人的建设书并评审。其中一个供应商提出非常优惠的价格，但是根据内部专家判断，该价格对于开展持续性的业务是不显示的。 项目经理接下来应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 让供应商提供成本结构的补充信息",
            "B": " 让采购部门迅速签订合同",
            "C": " 在合同中增加处罚条款，确保供应商履行义务。",
            "D": " 相应地更改成本基准"
        },
        "analysis": "93..答案：A。所属知识领域：项目采购管理。所属过程组：执行过程组。解析：实施采购的工具“独立估算”中指明：采购组织可以独立估算，用来比较潜在卖方的应答。如果两者之间存在明显差异，则可能表明采购工作说明书存在缺陷或不明确，以及/或者潜在卖方误解了或未能完全响应采购工作说明书。所以，在这个地方，如果召开过投标人会议，应该怀疑潜在卖方是否误解或未能完全响应，应让其再提供成本结构补充信息。",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "94",
        "question": "94.A project manager confirms that at a piece of software can be given to the quality assurance group 15 days after coding begins. How is this represented on a project plan?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Finish-to-finish -15",
            "B": "Finish-to-start +15",
            "C": "Finish-to-start-15 ",
            "D": "Start-to-start+15"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理确定在工程开始15天后可以将一个软件提供给质量保证组，这在项目计划上是如何表示的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "完成-到-完成-15",
            "B": "完成-到-开始+15",
            "C": "完成-到-开始-15",
            "D": "开始-到-开始+15"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "94.答案：D。。PDMPMBOK2012中6.3.2.1。"
    },
    {
        "id": "95",
        "question": "95. EAC is a periodic evaluation of:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Cost of work complete.",
            "B": " Value of work performeD",
            "C": " Anticipated total cost at project completion. ",
            "D": " What it will cost to finish the joB"
        },
        "traQue": "完工估算是_______的定期评估。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 完成工作的成本。",
            "B": " 已完成工作的价值。",
            "C": " 项目完工时的预期总成本。",
            "D": " 完成工作需要花的成本。"
        },
        "analysis": "95.解析：这是定义考察题，只要牢记定义便不会选错。A.完成工作的成本：完成工作的成本，这是挣值分析中的实际成本AC。B.已完成工作的价值：这是挣值分析中的挣值（EV），是项目活动或工作分解结构组成部分的已完成工作的价值，用分配给该工作的预算来表示。D.完成工作需要花的成本：实际上是完工预算，BudgetatCompletion(BAC)：项目工作、工作分解结构组成部分或进度活动的所有预算之和，即项目的总计划价值。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "96",
        "question": "96. During a walk through of a task，you discover that a team member is completing the work differently than stated in the WBS directory. How should you deal with this?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Tell the team member to take a corrective action",
            "B": "Determine if the alternative way is acceptable to the functional manager",
            "C": "Ask the team member if the changes are necessary",
            "D": "Determent if the changes also change the scope of the work package"
        },
        "traQue": "在对一项任务的检查中，你发现一个团队成员正在用与WBS词典中的规定不同的方法完成这项工作。你应该如何处理这种情况?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "告诉这名团队成员采取纠正措施。",
            "B": "确定这种不同的方法对职能经理是否是可以接受的。",
            "C": "问这名团队成员，这种变化是否必要。",
            "D": "确定这种变化是否改变了工作包的范围。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "96.答案：D。A如果该项工作需要采取纠正措施，则应该由一个领域以上的人来实施。B作为PM，你关注的是这种不同的方法对项目本身的影响。职能经理接受与否并不改变对项目的影响。C团队成员在任务层次应该有一些作出变更的灵活性，只要他们没有超出WBS词典的整体范围即可。D正确。只要不改变工作包的范围，不同的方法是可以接受的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "97",
        "question": "97. Residual risks are risks that remain after risk response planning. Secondary risks are:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Planning risks that are no longer a factor during project executing.",
            "B": " Discovered during risk identification.",
            "C": " New risks created by the risk response strategies selecteD",
            "D": " Lower priority risks not requiring mitigation efforts."
        },
        "traQue": "残余风险是在采取风险应对措施之后仍然存在的风险。次生风险是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在项目执行过程中不再是影响因素的规划风险。",
            "B": "在风险识别过程中被发现。",
            "C": "选定的风险应对策略导致的新风险。",
            "D": "低级别的风险，不需要采取减轻措施。"
        },
        "analysis": "97.解析：1.11.5.2书中原话，“次生风险就是实施风险应对措施的直接结果”（C）；2.PMBOK中没有“规划风险”这种风险类型，所以选项A错；3.选定风险应对策略之前不可能发现次生风险，所以选项B错；4.次生风险不一定是低级别的风险，仍需要审查，所以选项D错。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "98",
        "question": "98. The matrix organization structure_________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "is used to manage several large， complex projects simultaneously when there are insufficient resources to staff each project on a full time basis",
            "B": "is used when an organization decides to undertake a single， very large project",
            "C": "ensures a lower level of conflict within the overall organization than with the functional organizational form",
            "D": "does not allow the project team members to have a home after the completing of the project"
        },
        "traQue": "矩阵型组织结构具有以下特征________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "应用于管理一些大型的、复杂的项目，并且没有足够的资源用以配备每个项目",
            "B": "在一个组织决定承担一个单一的、大型的项目时，应用这种结构",
            "C": "与职能型结构相比，可以确保与整个组织的冲突是发生在较低层次的",
            "D": "不允许项目成员在完成项目后回到原来的职能部门"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "98.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版2.1.3，矩阵型组织的重要属性是，可以实现对资源的共享，当组织没有足够的资源分别分配给每一个项目时，这种组织结构特别有效。B的情形适合于项目型组织结构。C是没有什么根据的。D恰恰与项目型组织的惯例是矛盾的，项目完成后，团队成员一般都需要回到“家”…职能部门。"
    },
    {
        "id": "99",
        "question": "99. A project manager has just found out that a major subcontractor for her project is consistently late delivering work. The project team member responsible for this part of project does not get along with the subcontractor. To resolve the problem，the project manager says，“You both will have to give up something to solve this problem.”what conflict resolution method is the using？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Confrontation",
            "B": "Compromise",
            "C": "Smoothing",
            "D": "Communicating"
        },
        "traQue": "一位项目经理刚刚发现，在她的项目中，一位主要承包人完成工作一直很迟。负责这部分项目的项目队员与这位承包人相处的并不好。为了解决这个问题，项目经理说：“为了解决这个问题，你们双方都不得不放弃一些东西。”这是使用了哪种冲突解决方法？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "面对",
            "B": "妥协",
            "C": "缓解",
            "D": "沟通"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "99.答案：B。面对问题会产生一个双赢的局面。缓解强调一致性，而非分歧。双方都放弃一些东西的行为被定义为妥协。"
    },
    {
        "id": "100",
        "question": "100.All of the following statements about project feasibility studies are true EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": "They can help in selecting one project over another.",
            "B": "They can be the first project phase or a separate project.",
            "C": "They can be used to determine if a project should be completeD",
            "D": "They can be used to determine project team members."
        },
        "traQue": "以下关于项目可行性研究的描述均正确，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "它们可以帮助选择项目。",
            "B": "它们可以是项目的一个阶段，也可以是一个独立的项目。",
            "C": "用它们来衡量是否要完成某一项目。",
            "D": "用它们来确定项目团队成员。"
        },
        "analysis": "100.解析：书中原话“某个组织可能将可行性研究作为常规的项目前工作，某个组织将其作为项目的第一个阶段，而另一个组织则可能视其为一个独立的项目。”一个项目是否可行，关系到组织是否投入资源到这个项目中去。通常这些工作（包括分析和决策等）需要在项目启动之前去做。A、B、C三个选项都属于项目可行性研究的范畴，而D选项则是项目规划过程的输出，因此，本题选D。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "101",
        "question": "101. McGregor's Theory X holds that _________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "people like challenges",
            "B": "people are eager for achievement",
            "C": "people are not interested in their work，so they need strong direction",
            "D": "people are eager for self-actualization"
        },
        "traQue": "麦克格利格的X理论说明_________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "人们喜欢挑战",
            "B": "人们渴望成就感",
            "C": "人们对他们的工作没有兴趣，因此需要强制性的监督",
            "D": "人们渴望自我实现"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "101.答案：C。参见本章激励理论一，麦克格利格的X理论。"
    },
    {
        "id": "102",
        "question": "102. Project manager is involved in the development of the project charter.He needs to further develop project justification.Which of the following is the best idea?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Interview with the sponsor",
            "B": " Collect organizational process assets,especially focus on historical information",
            "C": " Refer to the project statement of work",
            "D": " Refer to the procurement statement of work"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理参与项目章程的制定，他需要进一步进行项目的判断，下列哪一项是最好的主意？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 会见发起人",
            "B": " 收集组织过程资产，特别关注历史信息",
            "C": " 参考项目工作说明书",
            "D": " 参考采购工作说明书"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "102.参考答案：C知识要点：制定项目章程的输入"
    },
    {
        "id": "103",
        "question": "103.Your customer signed off on the requirements definition document and scope statement of your video game project last month. Today she requested a project scope change. She would like to make it an interactivegame that can be played on a person's television and on a computer. This represents a scope change that, at a minimum",
        "options": {
            "A": " Modifies the project's agreed-upon scope as defined by the WBS",
            "B": " Results in a change to all project baselines",
            "C": " Requires adjustments to cost, time, quality, and other objectives",
            "D": " Results in a lesson learned"
        },
        "traQue": "你在负责管理一个视频游戏的项目。 上个月客户已经签署项目需求说明和范围说明。 但是现在她提出了一项范围变更要求。 她希望把这个游戏做成一种在电视和电脑上都能玩的互动式游戏。 这种范围变更至少会表现在哪一个方面?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 修改工作分解结构己经确定的项目范围",
            "B": " 导致所有项目基线的变更",
            "C": " 需要对成本、 时间、 质量以及其他目标进行调整",
            "D": " 得到一个经验教训"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "103.参考答案：A。范围变更会修改已确定的范围"
    },
    {
        "id": "104",
        "question": "104. Your preferred resource is not available at the time needeD: What is the BEST thing to do?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Negotiate with management to get the resource. The management is responsible for provision of resources for the project. ",
            "B": "Assess your alternatives. ",
            "C": "Begin the task early. ",
            "D": "Use reserves to increase resources assigned to those tasks. "
        },
        "traQue": "你首选资源在需要时不能使用。最好应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "为得到该资源，与管理层谈判。",
            "B": "评估你的可选方案。",
            "C": "早点进行该项任务。",
            "D": "动用储备，增加分配给那些任务的资源。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "104.答案：B（评估后再做决策）。尽管管理层负责项目的资源供给，这种职责指的是资源的量或可用性，但是资源冲突是项目管理中一种严重的冲突.选项C、D是一种备选方案，不具有代表性。"
    },
    {
        "id": "105",
        "question": "105. Which of the following is not one of the primary needs for good project scheduling？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Cutting costs and reducing time",
            "B": "Decreasing the time required for decision making",
            "C": "Eliminating idle time",
            "D": "Developing better trouble shooting procedures"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪个选项不是良好项目进度规划的主要条件？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "消减成本并减少时间",
            "B": "减少决策制定所需的时间",
            "C": "减少空闲时间",
            "D": "建立更好的解决困难程序"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "105.答案：D。进度规划主要关注点是时间问题以及相关的资源投入问题。答案D属于项目沟通管理范畴。"
    },
    {
        "id": "106",
        "question": "106.As for Critical Chain Method,which of the following is NOT proper?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Critical path is not calculated in Critical Chain MethoD",
            "B": " Critical Chain Method focuses on controlling buffers rather than critical paths.",
            "C": " Critical Chain is constrained by resource availability.",
            "D": " Critical Chain Method generally uses smaller duration estimates than those in Critical Path MethoD"
        },
        "traQue": "对于关键链法，下面哪项是不合适的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键路径不是在关键链法中计算出来的",
            "B": " 关键链法关注于控制缓冲而不是关键路径",
            "C": " 关键链受到所获资源的约束",
            "D": " 关键链法通常比关键路径法中使用更少的历时估算"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "106.参考答案：A。关键链法中有关键路径的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "107",
        "question": "107.It is expensive to lease office space in cities around the worlD: Office space can cost approximately USD $80 per square foot in the United States. And it can cost approximately Y50, 000 per square meter in Tokyo. These \"averages\" can help a person determine how much it will cost to lease office space in these cities based on the amount of space leaseD: These estimates are examples of ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Why the United States should use the metric system",
            "B": " Parametric modeling",
            "C": " Bottom-up estimating",
            "D": " Leasehold data"
        },
        "traQue": "在世界各地的城市租赁办公场所都是非常昂贵的。 在美国， 写字楼的租金是大约80美元/每平方米每天。 在东京大约50,000日元/每平方米每天。 这些 \"平均\" 数可以帮助人们根据需要的办公场所的面积计算租赁费用这些估计属于下列哪项的事例?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 为什么美国要使用以 \"米\" 为单位的度量体系",
            "B": " 使用参数模型进行的估计",
            "C": " 自下而上的估计 ",
            "D": " 租赁数据"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "107.参考答案：B。参数估算有一个参考的数据，即具体每单位来估算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "108",
        "question": "108. 某项目BAC=5000，AC=1200，EV=1000，PV=900，请计算：\n（1）:目前的项目进度\n（2）:如果绩效维持最初计划状态到结束，EAC？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 16.7%，6000",
            "B": " 20%， 6000",
            "C": " 20%， 5200",
            "D": " 16.7%，5200"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "108.参考答案：C。1）BAC=5000，EV=1000，进度是EV/BAC=1000/5000=20%"
    },
    {
        "id": "109",
        "question": "109. During project planning in a matrix organization，the project manager determine that additional human resource are needeD: From whom would he request these resource？",
        "options": {
            "A": "The PMO manager",
            "B": "The functional manager",
            "C": "The team",
            "D": "The project sponsor "
        },
        "traQue": "在一个矩形组织中的项目规划阶段，项目经理认为需要额外的人力资源。他会从谁那边获取这些资源？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目管理办公室经理",
            "B": "职能经理",
            "C": "团队",
            "D": "项目发起人"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "109.答案：B。在一个矩阵组织中，权力是由职能经理和项目经理共享的，所以项目经理需要和职能经理协商资源。"
    },
    {
        "id": "110",
        "question": "110. Your customer asks for a small change in the project, which was not budgeted in the project. It is a small effort as compared to the total project and you need the goodwill of the customer for such a multimillion-dollar pipeline project. You will: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Refuse to do the work",
            "B": " Agree to do the work at no charge",
            "C": " Do the work and bill him later",
            "D": " Assess the cost and schedule impact and tell them you will decide later"
        },
        "traQue": "你的客户要求一个小的变更，它并没有包括在项目预算以内。和整个项目相比，这只是一个小的工作，而且对于这样一个几百万美元的管道项目，你需要客户的良好信赖。你应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 拒绝这一工作",
            "B": " 同意免费接受这一工作",
            "C": " 做这一工作，然后开票",
            "D": " 评估对进度和成本的影响，告诉他们，你随后再作决定"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "110.参考答案：D知识要点：变更管理流程"
    },
    {
        "id": "111",
        "question": "111. In what organization project member feel most anxiety at closing phase? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Functional",
            "B": " Matrix ",
            "C": " Projectized ",
            "D": " Strong Matrix "
        },
        "traQue": "在哪种组织中，项目成员在项目收尾阶段最为焦虑？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 职能型。",
            "B": " 矩阵。",
            "C": " 项目型。",
            "D": " 强矩阵。"
        },
        "analysis": "111.解析：在项目型组织中，团队成员通常集中办公，组织的大部分资源都用于项目工作，项目经理拥有很大的自主性和职权。项目型组织中也有被称为“部门”的组织单元，但这些部门或者直接向项目经理报告，或者为各个项目提供支持服务。项目结束，人员将要遣散。因此项目成员在收尾阶段最为焦虑。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "112",
        "question": "112.At the conclusion of a project, there is a compilation of information that serves as the memory and history of the project. That document evaluates the overall success of the project including its strengths and weakness, organization and techniques used to get results. \nWhat is the collection of information called?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Stakeholder feed back",
            "B": " Post-implementation audit",
            "C": " Lesson learned",
            "D": " Final project report"
        },
        "traQue": "在结束项目阶段，需要执行信息编制，作为项目的历史纪录。文件评估了项目的整体成功性，包括项目的优势、劣势、组织以及用于获得结果的技术。这个信息收集过程称作什么?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目干系人的反馈",
            "B": " 项目实施后的审计",
            "C": " 经验教训",
            "D": " 最终项目报告"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "112.答案：C。组织过程资产更新--把历史信息和经验教训信息存入经验教训知识库，供未来项目或阶段使用。可包括问题与风险的信息，以及适用于未来项目的有效技术的信息。"
    },
    {
        "id": "113",
        "question": "113.Project performance appraisals are different from team performance assessments in that project performance appraisals focus on: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " how an individual team member is performing on the project. ",
            "B": " an evaluation of the project team's effectiveness. ",
            "C": " a team building effort. ",
            "D": " reducing the staff turnover rate."
        },
        "traQue": "项目绩效考评不同于团队绩效评估，因为项目绩效考评注重：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 每个团队成员如何执行项目",
            "B": " 项目团队效率评估",
            "C": " 团队建设工作",
            "D": " 降低员工周转率"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "113.答案：A。这样的问题在考试时可以让人发疯，因为很容易上当。最好的做法是看看这里用的两个名词（项目绩效考评和团队绩效评估），想一想是什么意思再看选项。选项B、C和D说的是团队绩效评估方面，只有选项A正确。项目绩效考评处理的是每个项目成员如何完成工作的，而不是团队在一起工作的如何。"
    },
    {
        "id": "114",
        "question": "114. What is the result of bidder conferences held during the Conduct Procurement process?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Procurement statement of work.",
            "B": " Proposal.",
            "C": " A clear and common understanding of the work requireD",
            "D": " Contract."
        },
        "traQue": "实施采购阶段中召开的投标人会议的结果是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "合同工作说明书。",
            "B": "建议书。",
            "C": "对所需工作有了一个清晰的、共同的理解。",
            "D": "合同。"
        },
        "analysis": "114.解析：1.根据12.2.2.1关于“投标人会议”的描述可知选项C正确；2.投标人会议的书面成果为采购文件中的修正案，而不是合同工作说明书（A），建议书（B）或合同（D）。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "115",
        "question": "115. All the following are examples of Control Quality EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Inspection.",
            "B": " Cost of quality.",
            "C": " Pareto chart.",
            "D": " Fishbone diagram."
        },
        "traQue": "以下均是控制质量的例子，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 检查。",
            "B": " 质量成本。",
            "C": " 帕累托图。",
            "D": " 鱼骨图。"
        },
        "analysis": "115.解析：质量成本是规划质量的内容。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "116",
        "question": "116.When is the project completion changed? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Compression of Critical Path",
            "C": " At the time of project resources are decreased",
            "D": " No float"
        },
        "traQue": "什么时候项目的完成会发生变动:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "关键路径压缩时",
            "B": "当不允许使用应急储备时",
            "C": "当减少项目资源的时候",
            "D": "没有总时差的情况下"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "116.参考答案：A。关键路径决定项目的最短工期，当关键路径压缩，项目的工期就会缩短"
    },
    {
        "id": "117",
        "question": "117.When is an appropriate time to hold the kick-off meeting？",
        "options": {
            "A": "After the preliminary planning ，but before execution",
            "B": "When the project manager has positive news to share",
            "C": "Before the project chart is signed",
            "D": "After the communications plan has been developed "
        },
        "traQue": "召开项目启动大会的适当时机是什么时候？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "完成初步计划之后，但要在执行之前",
            "B": "在项目经理有正面消息要分享时",
            "C": "在签署项目章程之前",
            "D": "在制定沟通计划之后"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "117.答案：A。典型的项目启动“大”会，在初步计划之后，执行之前。考点：项目启动会。"
    },
    {
        "id": "118",
        "question": "118.A project manager is in the process of validating scope of a deliverable with the customer. What is the MOST important thing the project manager should ensure? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Accuracy",
            "B": " Timeliness ",
            "C": " Acceptance",
            "D": " Completeness"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理在与客户进行某可交付成果的确认范围过程。下面哪项是项目经理应该确定的最重要的事情？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 正确程度",
            "B": " 时间符合要求",
            "C": " 接受 ",
            "D": " 完全"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "118.参考答案：C。确认范围就是验收可交付成果。"
    },
    {
        "id": "119",
        "question": "119. During the Identify Risks process, a project manager made a long list of risk identified by all the stakeholders using various methods. He then made sure that all the risks were understood and that triggers had been identifieD: Later, in the Plan Responses process, he took all the risks identified by the stakeholders and determined ways to mitigate them. What has he done wrong?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project manager should have waited until the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process to get the stakeholder involveD",
            "B": " More people should be involved in the Plan Risk Responses process.",
            "C": " The project manager should have created workarounds.",
            "D": " Triggers are not identified until the Identify Risk process."
        },
        "traQue": "识别风险过程中，项目经理制定了一份由干系人通过各种方式识别出来的风险清单，于是他认为了解了所有风险，识别了所有风险诱发因素。在后来的风险应对过程，他就针对干系人识别出的风险确定了缓解措施。他错在哪里？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理应该等到实施定性风险分析过程结束后在开始制定应对策略，因为定性风险分析过程会涉及干系人。",
            "B": " 应该有更多的人参与规划风险应对过程。",
            "C": " 项目经理应该制定权变措施。",
            "D": " 风险诱发因素只有在识别风险过程中才能识别出来。"
        },
        "analysis": "119.解析：所有风险应对负责人及其他相关人都必须参与风险应对规划过程。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "120",
        "question": "120.A project manager completes a project in a town where the company realized a loss of 100%.The project manager’s company is working on another project proposal in the same town and the management asks the project manager to come up with a rough estimate that the company can bid for the new project. The bidding must be completed within the next three days. Which of the following types of estimates should the project manager provide in this situation?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Analogous",
            "B": " Parametric",
            "C": " Three-point",
            "D": " Reserve analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理完成了某个镇上的一个项目，这个项目让公司损失100%。项目经理所在公司目前正在筹备同一个镇上另一个项目的投标建议书，管理层让项目经理提供粗略的估算，让公司可以投标该新项目。投标必须在三天内完成。在这种情况下，项目经理应提供下列哪一项估算类型？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "类比估算",
            "B": "参数估算",
            "C": "散点估算",
            "D": "准备金分析"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "120.答案：A。参考“PMBOK2012中6.5.2.2”，类比估算是指以过去类似项目的参数值（如持续时间、预算、规模、重量和复杂性等）为基础，来估算未来项目的同类参数或指标。"
    },
    {
        "id": "121",
        "question": "121. What is the key purpose of using project control？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Ensuing the project stays on track.",
            "B": "To have a good WBS.",
            "C": "To satisfy the customer.",
            "D": "To assist in developing the upper management reports."
        },
        "traQue": "使用项目控制的主要目的是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确保项目按步进行。",
            "B": "建立良好的WBS。",
            "C": "满足顾客。",
            "D": "帮助完成上层管理报告。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "121.答案：A。项目控制的目的是确保项目按步进行。"
    },
    {
        "id": "122",
        "question": "122. A project change management plan should be created during which process group? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Initiating. ",
            "B": " Planning. ",
            "C": " Executing. ",
            "D": " Closing. "
        },
        "traQue": "项目变更管理计划是在哪个过程组创建？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 启动。",
            "B": " 规划。",
            "C": " 执行。",
            "D": " 收尾。"
        },
        "analysis": "122.解析：答案B。项目变更管理计划是项目管理计划的一部分，在规划过程组完成。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "123",
        "question": "123. Management wants to be sure that the project is following defined quality standards. Which of the following should they look at?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Risk management plan.",
            "B": " WBS.",
            "C": " Statement of work.",
            "D": " Quality audit."
        },
        "traQue": "管理层希望项目严格遵守定义好的质量标准，他们应该查看以下哪项内容？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险管理计划。",
            "B": "工作分解结构。",
            "C": "工作说明书。",
            "D": "质量审计。"
        },
        "analysis": "123.解析：1、题干中说管理层希望项目严格遵守定义好的质量标准，质量审计报告中包含了确定项目活动是否遵循组织和项目的质量标准，所以正确答案D；2、风险管理计划描述将如何安排与实施项目风险管理，它是项目管理计划的子计划，包括方法论、角色与职责、预算、时间安排、风险类别和风险概率和影响的定义，所以答案A与题干所述无关；3、工作分解结构是把项目可交付成果和项目工作分解成较小、更易于管理的组成部分，所以答案B也不对；4、工作说明书是对项目可交付产品或服务的叙述性说明，所以答案C也不对。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "124",
        "question": "124.As a buyer of services, the project manager has decided to execute a procurement audit. What is the purpose of this audit?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Verify the delivery and acceptance of the contracted services.",
            "B": " Document lessons learned, successes and failures of the performing organization for future reference.",
            "C": " Validate invoices and closure of the account.",
            "D": " Provide a formal contract closure."
        },
        "traQue": "作为服务的买方，项目经理决定执行采购审计。该审计的目的是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "核实合同服务的交付和验收。",
            "B": "记录实施组织的经验教训，成功、失败之处，以供将来参考。",
            "C": "确认发票和账目收尾。",
            "D": "提供正式的合同收尾。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "124.答案：B。概念题，考点为采购审计。（采购管理）"
    },
    {
        "id": "125",
        "question": "125. During a team meeting，the team adds a specific area of extra work to the project because they have determined it would benefit the customer.What is wrong in this situation？",
        "options": {
            "A": "The team is gold plating.",
            "B": "These efforts shouldn’t be done in meetings.",
            "C": "Nothing. This is how to meet or exceed customer expectations.",
            "D": "Nothing. The project manager is in control of the situation."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目会议期间，团队增加了一项额外工作，因为团队认为这样有益于客户。在这种情况下，出现了什么问题？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "团队镀金。",
            "B": "这些工作不应该在会议期间进行。",
            "C": "没有问题。这就是如何满足并超越客户期望。",
            "D": "没有问题。这种形势完全处于项目经理的控制范围内。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "125.答案：A。这是一个团队镀金的例子。项目团队仅仅提供客户在范围说明书内要求的东西。请记住PMI这个重要的政策，就是不要镀金膜。"
    },
    {
        "id": "126",
        "question": "126.In a project there are 20 stakeholders. At the end of the project , five additional stakeholders are identifieD: How many communication channels exist at the end of the project?",
        "options": {
            "A": "190",
            "B": "195",
            "C": "300",
            "D": "305"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目中有20个干系人，项目结束时，又确定了另外5个干系人。在项目结束时存在多少个沟通渠道？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "190",
            "B": "195",
            "C": "300",
            "D": "305"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "126.答案：C。解析：沟通渠道计算，沟通渠道=n*(n-1)/2=25*24/2-300,所以选C。参见PMBOK10.1.2.1。考点：沟通渠道计算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "127",
        "question": "127. Which one of the following is NOT a trade-off decision that must be made in the development of the project plan?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Whether to use skilled or unskilled laborers.",
            "B": " The amount of profit vendors should make versus the profit other vendors have received in the past. ",
            "C": " Manufacturing in-house or sub-contracting out the work. ",
            "D": " The importance of cost versus quality."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪一项不是在编制项目计划时必须做出的权衡决策？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 使用熟练还是不熟练的劳动力。",
            "B": " 比较供货方应该获得的利润和以前其他供货方收到的利润。",
            "C": " 自制还是外包。",
            "D": " 成本/质量的重要性。"
        },
        "analysis": "127.解析：1、在人力资源计划，进度和成本计划时都得考虑使用熟练还是不熟练的劳动力（A），采购管理计划时需要考虑自制外购（C），而成本和质量本身是编制项目管理计划的重要部分（D），所以这题的答案是B。2、作为业主是不需要考虑供应商利润的，根据合同类型不同，可能需要考虑的是成本和最终的合同总价，所以B选项不正确。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "128",
        "question": "128. While resource planning for your project, you visited the functional manager of engineering many times but she refused to supply resources for the project. First, the excuse was that her department was too busy. The next time, the department was undergoing a re-organization. This is causing your project to slip the schedule. The lack of which of the following is the most possible reason for het lack of suport?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Project plan",
            "B": "Project charter",
            "C": "Resource assignment matrix",
            "D": "WBS"
        },
        "traQue": "在为你的项目编制资源计划的时候，你几次拜访工程设计的职能经理，但是她拒绝为项目提供资源。第一次借口是她的部门太忙，第二次是她的部门正在进行重组。这使你的项目进度拖延。缺少下列的哪一项最可能是得不到她的支持的原因？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目计划",
            "B": "项目章程",
            "C": "资源分配矩阵",
            "D": "工作分解结构"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "128.答案：B。项目章程授权项目经理在项目活动中动用组织的资源，只有有了项目章程，项目经理说话才有高层的支持，更有分量。"
    },
    {
        "id": "129",
        "question": "129.Which performance measurement tells us how much more of the budget is required to finish the project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " ETC ",
            "B": " EV ",
            "C": " AC ",
            "D": " EAC"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪项绩效测量可以告诉我们完成一个项目还需要多少预算？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " ETC",
            "B": " EV",
            "C": " AC",
            "D": " EAC"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "129.参考答案：A。ETC的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "130",
        "question": "130. Which of the following is not considered a cost of nonconformance to quality?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Scrap.",
            "B": "Rework.",
            "C": "Expediting.",
            "D": "Process control."
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项不被认为是非一致质量费用？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "废料。",
            "B": "返工。",
            "C": "加速处理。",
            "D": "过程控制。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "130.答案：D。废料、返工和加速处理都属于非一致费用。"
    },
    {
        "id": "131",
        "question": "131.A project manager is working on a major new product development project when a risk occurs that does not have a risk response plan. What should the project manager do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Hold a risk reassessment and plan a workarounD",
            "B": " Inform management and communicate the new risk to the team.",
            "C": " Communicate the planned response to the stakeholder.",
            "D": " Use some of the reserves to accommodate the risk."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理负责的新产品开发项目发生了一项风险，这项风险之前没有制定应对计划。项目经理应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 进行风险评估，并制定权变措施。",
            "B": " 将新风险通知给管理层。",
            "C": " 和干系人商谈应对计划。",
            "D": " 动用一些储备。"
        },
        "analysis": "131.解析：这里要借鉴控制风险中用到的输入输出和工具。在项目过程中监控到新的风险发生，应该先评估风险的影响（工具）。同时由于没有应对计划，应该及时指定权变措施（输出）。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "132",
        "question": "132. Which of the following represents information presented in its order of priority and helps focus on the MOST difficult issues?",
        "options": {
            "A": " A flowchart.",
            "B": " A fishbone diagram.",
            "C": " A control chart.",
            "D": " A Pareto chart."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项能显示问题的优先级，并集中解决最艰难的问题？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "流程图。",
            "B": "鱼骨图。",
            "C": "控制图。",
            "D": "帕累托图。"
        },
        "analysis": "132.解析：1、流程图（选项A）用来显示该过程中各步骤之间的相互关系，在质量规划过程中，流程图有助于项目团队预测可能发生的质量问题，在控制质量中，可以使用流程图来发现某个或某些失效的步骤，以及识别潜在的过程改进机会，流程图可用于风险分析。流程图不显示问题的重要等级。2、鱼骨图（选项B）又称石川图或应果图，直观地显示各种因素如何与潜在问题或结果相联系，可用于根本原因分析。因果图还可用于风险分析。3、控制图（选项C）反映某个过程随时间推移的运行情况，以及何时发生了特殊原因引起的变化，导致该过程失控。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "133",
        "question": "133. Contingency plan involves ______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "defining the steps to be taken if an identified risk event should occur",
            "B": "establishing a management reserve to cover unplanned expenditures",
            "C": "preparing a stand-alone document that is separate from the overall project plan",
            "D": "determining needed adjustments to make during the implementation phase of a project"
        },
        "traQue": "应急计划涉及_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "定义在风险事件发生时应采取的步骤",
            "B": "建立管理储备对未计划的支出进行管理",
            "C": "准备一个独立于整个项目计划的文件",
            "D": "决定在项目执行阶段需要进行的调整"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "133.答案：A。制定应急计划是接受项目风险的一种做法，即事先计划好当接受的风险发生时，应该采取的具体步骤。例如制定备用的活动顺序。"
    },
    {
        "id": "134",
        "question": "134. Your project team identified six related projects with major dependencies on your deliverables. Some of these projects have a very similar scope and may overlap with your deliverables. In Light of this, which of the following should you be MOST concerned about?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Scope change control. ",
            "B": "Velidate Scope. ",
            "C": "Risk response planning. ",
            "D": "Communications planning. "
        },
        "traQue": "项目团队确定有六个相关项目与你们执行的项目的可交付成果存在主要依赖关系。其中，几个项目与你们的项目有类似的范围，可能会与你们的可交付成果存在交叉。考虑到上述内容，你应该对下述哪项最担心？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "范围变更控制。",
            "B": "确认范围。",
            "C": "风险应对计划。",
            "D": "沟通计划。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "134.答案：C。最主要的担心是其他项目可能对你们的项目造成的风险。最好通过风险应对计划防止这些问题的发生，而不是仅仅对范围进行控制（选项A）。"
    },
    {
        "id": "135",
        "question": "135. You recently finished working on a project team that required extensive overtime to meet a demanding schedule. Although the initial tasks involving computer design were a good fit for you, you also were required to produce numerous technical documents and to perform several programming tasks. The tasks involving technical documents and programming were not a part of your original assignment and were not in your area of expertise. You had to work many weekends and nights to get everything done. You wondered why you had to do the work and why it was not assigned at the beginning of the project. You are managing the company’s next project and want to avoid a similar situation. Therefore, you should:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Ensure that the WBS is detailed enough and that all the activities are defined in sufficient detail.",
            "B": " Use project management software that includes resource histograms and resource leveling.",
            "C": " Ensure that all work efforts are traced back to the scope statement for scope verification.",
            "D": " Use critical chain scheduling to account for possible unplanned events with its emphasis on buffers."
        },
        "traQue": "你最近刚刚结束了一个项目的工作，这个工作要求你做大量的额外工作以按时完成任务。虽然起初的电脑设计工作很适合你，但是你同时要处理大量技术文档和复杂的编程工作。 \n  最初你进入到这个项目以后给你分配的工作并不包括准备技术资料和编程，而且这些工作也不是你的专长，你不得不在周末和夜晚加班工作。\n 你在疑问为什么自己要做这些工作，以及为什么一开始的时候没有分配好工作。你马上要开始管理公司的下一个项目，非常希望避免出现类似的情况，你应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 确保工作分解结构足够详细，所有的活动都有详细地阐述",
            "B": " 使用包含资源柱状图和资源平衡图的项目管理软件",
            "C": " 确保所有的工作都与项目范围说明一致，以核实项目范围",
            "D": " 利用关键链进度法来设置缓冲以包含那些未计划到的工作"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "135.参考答案：A。把范围分解细致，分配责任到人，就可以避免类似情况发生"
    },
    {
        "id": "136",
        "question": "136. A project has several team.Team C has repeatedly missed deadline in the past.This has caused teams.As the team leader for team D，you should meet with：",
        "options": {
            "A": "The leader of team C",
            "B": "The project manager",
            "C": "The project manager and management",
            "D": "The project manager and the leader of team C"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目有几个团队。团队C在以前曾屡次错过最后期限。这牵连了其它团队。作为团队D的团队领导，你应该与谁会面：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "团队C的领导。",
            "B": "项目经理。",
            "C": "项目经理和管理层。",
            "D": "项目经理和团队C的领导。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "136.答案：D。已经被迫多次调整关键路径表明了D团队已经尝试过解决这个问题。在这种情况下，两队的组长必须会面。局面的扩大要求项目经理也参与其中。"
    },
    {
        "id": "137",
        "question": "137.A project manager works in a team of people with different cultures and languages. Training begins, trust is built and the team members are working together toward project goals. The team is in which of the following stages of development?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Forming",
            "B": " Storming",
            "C": " Norming",
            "D": " Adjourning"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理所在的团队里，成员来自于不同文化和语言背景。培训开始，建立信任，然后团队成员一起工作，共同实现项目目标。项目团队处于下列哪个发展阶段？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "形成阶段",
            "B": "震荡阶段",
            "C": "规范阶段",
            "D": "解散阶段"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "137.答案：C。PMBOK2012中9.3建设项目团队-工具-团队建设活动-规范阶段，这几个阶段容易混淆，最好用下图与各阶段PM管理风格结合记忆。"
    },
    {
        "id": "138",
        "question": "138. Cost forecasting can be best described by which of the following? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " The process of developing the future trends along with the assessment of probabilities, uncertainties, and inflation that could occur during the project.",
            "B": " The process of assembling and predicting costs of a project over its life cycle. ",
            "C": " The process of establishing budgets, standards, and a monitoring system by which the investment cost of the project can be measured and manageD",
            "D": " The process of gathering, accumulating, analyzing, monitoring, reporting, and managing the costs on an on-going basis. "
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪句话最适合描述成本预测？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 拟制概率评估、不确定性、以及项目期间可能发生的通货膨胀的未来走势的过程。",
            "B": " 集合并预测项目生命期间成本的过程。",
            "C": " 建立可以用来评估和管理项目投资成本的预算、标准和监控系统的过程。",
            "D": " 一个连续的收集、累计、分析、监控、汇报、管理成本的过程。"
        },
        "analysis": "138.解析：控制成本的输出内容有成本预测，说明为：无论是计算得出的EAC值，还是自下而上估算的EAC值，都需要记录下来，并传达给相关干系人。4.4.1.3中也提出，“通过比较完工估算与完工预算，可以看出项目是否处于可容忍范围内，是否需要提出变更请求。如果项目没有采用挣值管理，则需要提供实际支出与计划支出的差异，以及预测的最终成本”。所以‘评估和管理项目投资成本的预算、标准和监控系统的过程’更加准确。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "139",
        "question": "139. During the Plan Risk Management process of a major project, the project manager is informed that her key subject matter experts are currently spread around the globe. All experts are available via e-mail and planning must not be delayeD: What is the BEST method for gathering information?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Brainstorming.",
            "B": " Delphi technique.",
            "C": " Assumption analysis.",
            "D": " Cause and effect diagramming."
        },
        "traQue": "某一重大项目处于规划风险管理阶段。项目经理被告知，项目的关键问题专家现在都派往全世界各地了，他们只能通过邮件方式给出建议，而且计划不能延误。收集信息的最佳方法是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "头脑风暴。",
            "B": "德尔菲技术。",
            "C": "假设分析。",
            "D": "因果图。"
        },
        "analysis": "139.解析：此题可以使用头脑风暴、面谈和德尔菲技术。但由于专家们都分散在全球各地，所以使用头脑风暴和面谈法不切合实际。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "140",
        "question": "140. A project manager and team from a firm that designs railroad equipment are tasked to design a machine to load stone onto railroad cars. The design allows for two percent spillage, amounting to over two tons of spilled rock per day. In which of the following does the project manager document quality control, quality assurance, and quality improvements for this project? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Quality management plan. ",
            "B": " Quality policy. ",
            "C": " Control charts. ",
            "D": " Project management plan."
        },
        "traQue": "铁路设备公司的项目经理和他的团队接到任务设计一台机器用来给火车车厢装载石头，该设计允许2%的溢漏量，也就是每天累计的溢漏量超过两吨。那么，项目经理将质量控制、质量保证和过程改进的文档记录在：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 质量管理计划。",
            "B": " 质量政策。",
            "C": " 控制图。",
            "D": " 项目管理计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "140.解析：1、质量管理计划是规划质量的输出。质量管理计划包括项目的质量控制、质量保证和持续过程改进。2、B质量政策属于组织过程资产；C控制图用来确定一个过程是否稳定或者是否具有可预测的绩效，有上下限,是一种工具与技术；D项目管理计划范围相对于“质量控制、质量保证和过程改进的文档”范围太广。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "141",
        "question": "141. If a CV was positive and the SV was positive，what does this indicate?",
        "options": {
            "A": "The project is over budget，but on schedules. ",
            "B": "The project is under budget，but behind schedules. ",
            "C": "The project is under budger，and ahead of schedules. ",
            "D": "The project is on budget and on schedules. "
        },
        "traQue": "如果费用偏差是正的而进度偏差也是正的，这意味着什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目超出预算，但按计划进行。",
            "B": "项目在预算内，但落后计划。",
            "C": "项目在预算内并提前于与计划。",
            "D": "项目在预算内并按计划进行。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "141.答案：C。见《PMBOK指南》第五版7.4.2.1。"
    },
    {
        "id": "142",
        "question": "142. The design engineer tells you that a cheaper new part is found for the product. But you are not sure whether or not new part will impact the performance of the product. What should you， the project manager， should do?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Refuse using the new part. ",
            "B": "Evaluate the cost of the new part based on the vendor’s pricing. ",
            "C": "Assess the risk of using the new part. ",
            "D": "Negotiate a lower price with the vendor of the part in use. "
        },
        "traQue": "设计工程师通知你找到了价格更低的零部件，但是你不能确认使用该零部件是否会影响产品的性能。作为项目经理，你必须首先做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "拒绝更换新的零部件。",
            "B": "根据承包商的报价评估零部件的成本。",
            "C": "考虑使用新的零部件会带来的风险。",
            "D": "与现有的厂商就这个零部件协商一个更低的价格。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "142.答案：C。项目经理要做的第一件事是考虑使用新的零部件会带来的风险。其他选项都是在风险评估结果出来以后可能采取的措施。"
    },
    {
        "id": "143",
        "question": "143. You are the project manager for a large government contract. The contract was signed a year ago for this three-year, multi-million-dollar project. You were not involved in writing the contract or setting up change control procedures, but now you are being inundated with change requests from the project sponsor and from your own senior management. What should you do first?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Tell the sponsor and your senior management that any changes are out of scope at this point and cannot be considereD",
            "B": " Ask senor management to set aside more management reserve to avoid potential financial problems.",
            "C": " Talk to your legal department to make sure you don't do anything illegal.",
            "D": " Meet with the project sponsor and senior management to discuss this problem and potential solutions."
        },
        "traQue": "你是一个大型政府合同的项目经理。这是一个三年期几百万美元的项目，在一年前签订了合同。你没有参与合同的起草和变更控制程序的制定。但是，现在你被项目发起人和上级主管的变更申请淹没了，怎么办？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 告诉发起人和高级管理层，到此时任何的变化都超出了范围，不应当考虑了",
            "B": " 要求高层设立更多的管理储备来避免财务问题",
            "C": " 和法律部门交谈，以保证你的活动不会违法",
            "D": " 会见项目的发起人和高层，商讨问题和可能的解决方案"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "143.参考答案：D。项目经理要积极主动解决问题"
    },
    {
        "id": "144",
        "question": "144. You are a project manager working through the determine budget process. Your project scope statement provides for a budget of $75,000, but it was prepared last year prior to your detailed analysis. Which of the following tools and techniques will you NOT use?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Cost aggregation",
            "B": " Reserve analysis.",
            "C": " Funding limit reconciliation",
            "D": " Cost of Quality"
        },
        "traQue": "你是项目经理，正处于制定预算过程。你手里的项目范围说明书给出了一个75000美元的预算，但是那是去年在你没有进行详细分析之前的一个预算。下面的各种工具和技术，你将不会用到：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 费用汇总",
            "B": " 准备金分析",
            "C": " 资金限制平衡",
            "D": " 质量成本"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "144.参考答案：D。制定预算过程的工具"
    },
    {
        "id": "145",
        "question": "145. A project is plagued by changes to the project charter. Who has the primary responsibility to decide of these changes are necessary?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project manager.",
            "B": " Project team.",
            "C": " Project sponsor.",
            "D": " Stakeholder."
        },
        "traQue": "项目被项目章程的变更所困扰。确定这些变更是否必要是下述哪位主要负责?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理。",
            "B": " 项目团队。",
            "C": " 项目发起人。",
            "D": " 项目干系人。"
        },
        "analysis": "145.解析：项目章程的变更可能直接导致项目的目标发生变更，已经超出项目经理控制的范围，项目经理应该向上汇报。项目章程所规定的应该是一些比较大的、原则性的问题，所以通常不会因项目变更而需要对项目章程做出修改。万一要对项目章程进行修改，只有管理层才有权进行，即谁签发的项目章程，谁才有权修改项目章程。所以，项目章程的修改不在项目经理的权责范围内。A.项目经理：项目经理是执行组织委派其实现项目目标的个人。B.项目团队：。项目团队由项目经理、项目管理团队和其他执行项目工作、但无须参与项目管理的团队成员组成。D.项目干系人：项目干系人是积极参与项目或其利益可能受项目实施或完成的积极或消极影响的个人或组织（如客户、发起人、执行组织或公众）。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "146",
        "question": "146. Which of the following is the BEST method of completing “what if” scenarios to determine what combination of resources and interdependencies will produce the best schedule?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Critical chain methoD",
            "B": " Monte Carlo.",
            "C": " Parametric estimating.",
            "D": " Resource leveling."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项方法通过完成假设情景分析来确定资源组合及依赖关系，最终制定最佳项目进度计划？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键路径法。",
            "B": " 蒙特卡罗分析。",
            "C": " 参数估算。",
            "D": " 资源平衡。"
        },
        "analysis": "146.解析：了解蒙特卡罗分析的定义后，即可得到答案。详见11.4.2.2及术语表A．关键路径法：关键路径法在不考虑任何资源限制的情况下，沿着项目进度网络路径进行顺推与逆推分析，计算出全部活动理论上的最早开始与完成日期、最晚开始与完成日期。C．参数估算：参数估算是指利用历史数据与其他变量（如建筑施工中的平方英尺）之间的统计关系，来估算诸如成本、预算和持续时间等活动参数。D．资源平衡：根据资源制约因素（如资源数量限制或难以管理的资源数量变化）来安排进度计划（开始和完成日期）的进度网络分析技术。答案B",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "147",
        "question": "147. The widget production project is well underway. The requirements are clear that each widget must weigh between 0.320 and 0.325 ounces. The first day of test production resulted in 1247 widgets. Of the widgets inspected 47% fell within the acceptable weight range. This is an example of .",
        "options": {
            "A": "variable sampling",
            "B": "attribute sampling",
            "C": "control charting",
            "D": "flow charting"
        },
        "traQue": "部件生产项目正在进展中。要求很明确，每个部件的重量必须在0. 320和0. 325盎司之间。第一天试生产了1247个部件。在检验的部件中，47％在可接受的重量范围内。这属于 的例子。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "变量抽样",
            "B": "属性抽样",
            "C": "控制图",
            "D": "流程图"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "147.答案：B。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.3。属性抽样和变量抽样的定义。其主要区别在于检查结果是定性的还是定量的。属性抽样是定性的，判断是否是可接受的；而变量抽样是定量的，以数据的形式表明与标准符合的程度。"
    },
    {
        "id": "148",
        "question": "148. When training new project team members, you were asked what should be done during validating scope, your answer should be:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Verify product correctness",
            "B": " Create WBS",
            "C": " Inspection",
            "D": " Performance measurement"
        },
        "traQue": "在培训新的项目团队成员时，项目团队成员问你确定范围应该怎么做，你的回答是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 核实产品的正确性 ",
            "B": " 建立WBS",
            "C": " 检查 ",
            "D": " 绩效测量 "
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "148.参考答案：C。确认范围的工具。"
    },
    {
        "id": "149",
        "question": "149. A project manager is finalizing a project that has had repeated problems with cost conformance. He is concerned about what management will say. Which of the following types of information would be BEST for the project manager to use to evaluate performance?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The cost performance index(CPI)",
            "B": " A list of complaints from senior management.",
            "C": " The last bar chart.",
            "D": " The project budget."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在结束一个经历很多成本问题的项目，他很关心管理层对此项目的评价。项目经理最好使用以下哪项信息来评估绩效？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 成本绩效指数（CPI)",
            "B": " 管理层的假设和约束清单。",
            "C": " 最新的甘特图。",
            "D": " 项目预算。"
        },
        "analysis": "149.解析：1、由于题目中提出了“项目经理正在结束一个经历很多成本问题的项目”，而且“他很关心管理层对此项目的评价”。因此，项目经理应当使用CPI来评估绩效。2、B和C都是与进度有关的工具技术；3、选项D虽然是成本相关，但不属于绩效范畴。只有选项A涉及了成本和绩效问题。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "150",
        "question": "150.A project team is collecting all the requirements and scope from the customer and stakeholders. The project manager in charge of this project is trying to complete the charter. What tool and technique should the project manager use?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Scope decomposition",
            "B": " Expert judgment",
            "C": " Activity sequencing",
            "D": " Project scheduling"
        },
        "traQue": "项目团队正在从客户和项目干系人那里收集所有需求和项目范围。负责该项目的项目经理正在尝试完成项目章程。项目经理应该使用下列哪一项工具和技术？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "范围分解",
            "B": "专家判断",
            "C": "活动排序",
            "D": "项目进度安排"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "150.答案：B。专家判断常用于评估制定项目章程的输入。其他选项分析，选项A收集需求的同时制作项目章程，由于需求还没有完成收集和分析，因此，不能做范围分解，而选项C活动排序以及选项D项目进度安排由于没有输入做支持，因此，并不是制定项目章程的工具与技术。"
    },
    {
        "id": "151",
        "question": "151. The process control charts are used _________. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "to graph what typically focuses on the prevention of a problem",
            "B": "to detect the problem",
            "C": "to reject the problem",
            "D": "to determine the acceptability of the sample"
        },
        "traQue": "过程控制图被用来 。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "以图形展示为防止问题发生而需要关注的内容",
            "B": "发现问题",
            "C": "拒绝问题",
            "D": "确定样本的可接受程度"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "151.答案：A。注意，控制图以图示的方法监控已经发生的事情，来判断过程是否在控制中。控制图当然不能用来拒绝问题选项C。也不是用来发现问题的选项B。它只是用来判断过程是否受控，属于事后控制。重要的一点是graph!D是错误的，它是检查的目的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "152",
        "question": "152. You are running a communications project. The project deliverables and system requirements have been agreed upon by the client, the management and other stakeholders. Up to now, the project is progressing on schedule and stakeholders seem to be content with it. Recently you are notified of a new regulation from government authorities that would cause changes to the performance factor of the project. In order to integrate the change into the project plan, you should:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Convene a CCB meeting.",
            "B": " Change the work package, schedule and project plan to meet the new requirement.",
            "C": " Prepare a change request.",
            "D": " Notify stakeholders of the coming new project plan."
        },
        "traQue": "你正在进行一个通信项目。有关产品和系统的要求已经确定并得到了客户、管理阶层和其它股东的同意。工作正在按照时间表进行之中。到目前各方对进展似乎都很满意。你得知一项新的政府管理方面的要求将会引起项目的一个绩效指标的变更。为使这个变更包括在项目计划之中，你应该:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 召集一次变更控制委员会会议。",
            "B": " 改变工作分解包，项目时间表和项目计划以反映该管理要求。",
            "C": " 准备变更请求。",
            "D": " 通知受到影响的股东将要对项目立即采取的新计划。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "152.解析：1、选项A的变更控制委员会是过程的工具和技术；选项B是实施整体变更控制的输出；选项C的变更请求是过程的输入；选项D是沟通管理的内容；按照输入-工具-输出这样的先后顺序，本题答案为C；2、此题的场景是干扰项，对选择没有作用。3、发现变更需求时首先应该提变更请求，其他都是变更请求之后的事情.答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "153",
        "question": "153.The results of another project have just been posteD: Substantial rework will be required in order to meet the project requirements. Because the cost is so high, effective immediately, the project management office will be requiring all projects to do statistical sampling. What is the project management office concentrating its efforts on improving?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Quality management.",
            "B": " Perform Quality Assurance.",
            "C": " Plan Quality Management.",
            "D": " Quality Control."
        },
        "traQue": "另外一个项目的结果刚刚被张贴出来，为了满足项目需求必须进行返工。由于成本较高，所以项目管理办公室要求所有的项目进行统计抽样。项目管理办公室这样做的目的是改善：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 质量管理。",
            "B": " 实施质量保证。",
            "C": " 规划质量管理。",
            "D": " 控制质量。"
        },
        "analysis": "153.解析：统计抽样是控制质量的工具；题中，“另外一个项目发生了问题……”，项目管理办公室试图通过这些信息来控制所有的项目，所以这是一个控制活动。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "154",
        "question": "154. In what way does free float differ from total float?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Free float is commonly referred to as slack time whereas total float is as float time.",
            "B": " Free float only affects the early start of any immediately following activities.",
            "C": " There is no difference; the two terms are functionally equivalent.",
            "D": " An activity's free float is calculated by subtracting its total float from the critical path's total float."
        },
        "traQue": "总浮动时间和自由浮动时间的区别在于:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 自由浮动时间也可称为自由时差，总浮动时间也可称为总时差。",
            "B": " 自由浮动时间仅影响紧后活动的最早开工时间。",
            "C": " 没有区别，二者功能相当。",
            "D": " 一个活动的自由浮动时间是用它的总浮动时间减去关键路径浮动时间。"
        },
        "analysis": "154.解析：自由浮动时间是指在不延误任一紧后活动最早开始日期前提下，某进度活动可以推迟的时间量。而总浮动时间是在不延误项目完成日期或违反进度制约因素的前提下，某进度活动可以推迟的总时间量(从其最早开始日期起算)。总浮动时间相对于一个路径整体，自由浮动时间相对于紧后活动。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "155",
        "question": "155.在弱/平衡矩阵中，项目经理向谁汇报?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目经理的上司",
            "B": " 项目经理的经理",
            "C": " 职能经理",
            "D": " 发起人"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "155.参考答案：C知识要点：在弱/平衡矩阵组织中，项目经理向职能经理汇报"
    },
    {
        "id": "156",
        "question": "156. You are a new project manager who has never managed a project before.You have been asked to plan a new project.It would be BEST in this situation to rely on _____during planning in order to improve your chance of success",
        "options": {
            "A": "Your intuition and training",
            "B": "Stakeholder analysis",
            "C": "Historical information",
            "D": "Configuration management"
        },
        "traQue": "作为一名以往没有管理过项目的新任项目经理，上级要求你计划一个新项目。为了增加你成功的机会，在你做计划编制时以下列哪项为基础？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "你的直觉和培训",
            "B": "干系人分析",
            "C": "历史信息",
            "D": "配置管理"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "156.答案：C。因为你没有经验,所以你将不得不看看其他人的经验。这些信息将会从先前的项目的历史记录中得到。"
    },
    {
        "id": "157",
        "question": "157. In which of the following is a scope management plan created?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Verify Scope.",
            "B": " Plan Scope Management.",
            "C": " Define.",
            "D": " Create WBS."
        },
        "traQue": "在以下哪个过程创建范围管理计划？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "核实范围。",
            "B": "规划范围管理。",
            "C": "定义范围。",
            "D": "创建工作分解结构。"
        },
        "analysis": "157.解析：此题较简单，制定范围管理计划过程是规划范围管理的输出。范围管理计划的复杂性取决于项目的需求。所以答案为B，选项A为监控过程组，选项C和D应该在创建范围管理计划之后。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "158",
        "question": "158. During the completion of the project work, a project manager wants to ensure that the quality of the end product is acceptable. The BEST way to do this is by:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Checking quality against the standards set in the quality management plan.",
            "B": " Identifying the quality standards you want then end product to meet.",
            "C": " Performing cost-benefit analysis.",
            "D": " Determining the cause of a problem using a fishbone diagram."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目工作完成阶段，项目经理确保最终产品的质量被接受。最佳做法是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "将实际完成产品的质量与质量管理计划中规定的质量标准进行核实。",
            "B": "识别最终产品需要满足的质量标准。",
            "C": "实施成本收益分析。",
            "D": "使用鱼骨图来确定问题的原因。"
        },
        "analysis": "158.解析：B是规划质量管理需要做的内容，属于规划过程组。C是规划质量管理的工具。两项都应该早于这个阶段完成。D鱼骨图只是质量控制的其中一种工具，但不是用于最终产品的质量检查。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "159",
        "question": "159. A project manager is in the middle of executing of a very large construction project when he discovers the time needed to complete the project is longer than the time available. What is the BEST thing to do?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Cut product scope",
            "B": "Meet with management and tell them the required date cannot be met",
            "C": "Work overtime",
            "D": "Determine options for schedule compression and present management with his recommended option"
        },
        "traQue": "一位项目经理正处在一个非常大的施工项目的执行阶段的中期，他发现完成项目所需的时间比可用的时间长，最好的做法是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "削减产品范围。",
            "B": "与管理层开会并且告诉他们所要求的日期不能够被满足。",
            "C": "加班工作。",
            "D": "确定进度压缩的选择并且将建议的选择提交给管理层。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "159.答案：D。削减产品范围消极地影响客户,因此不是最好的。一个项目经理的工作是为完成任何结束日期的任务而做选择；因此,简单地告诉管理层所需的日期无法完成的是不正确的。当还有许多其他可以优先选择的选项时，加班工作是昂贵的，也不必要。决定选择进度压缩对项目的负面影响最小。"
    },
    {
        "id": "160",
        "question": "160. During a project team meeting, a team member suggests an enhancement to the scope that is beyond the scope of the project charter.The project manager points out that the team needs to concentrate on completing all the work and only the work requireD:This is an example of:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Change management process",
            "B": "Scope management",
            "C": "Quality analysis",
            "D": "Scope decomposition"
        },
        "traQue": "在一次项目团队会议中，一个团队成员建议一项超出项目章程范围的对工作范围的改进。项目经理指出项目团队需要集中在完成且只需完成所有要求的工作。这是一个_____的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "变更管理过程",
            "B": "范围管理",
            "C": "质量分析",
            "D": "范围分解"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "160.答案：B。团队成员建议一项超出项目章程范围的的改进。范围管理涉及到专注去做且只做为满足项目章程的目标而指定的项目管理计划中的工作。所以项目经理正在执行范围管理。"
    },
    {
        "id": "161",
        "question": "161. The purpose of status meetings is to:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Exchange information about the project.",
            "B": "Have team members report on what they are doing.",
            "C": "Issue work authorizations.",
            "D": "Confirm the accuracy of the costs submitted by the team."
        },
        "traQue": "项目状态会议的目的是为了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "交换关于项目的信息",
            "B": "让团队成员汇报他们目前的工作",
            "C": "制定工作授权",
            "D": "确认团队递交费用的准确性"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "161.答案：A。团队成员关于他们工作的报告最好是在会议之外完成。会议的主要目的是交换项目信息。"
    },
    {
        "id": "162",
        "question": "162. Considering the project schedule during the cost budgeting process-",
        "options": {
            "A": " Identifies the project elements so that costs can be allocateD",
            "B": " Allows costs to be assigned to the time period when they will be incurreD",
            "C": " Provides another way to help measure and monitor cost performance. ",
            "D": " A and B"
        },
        "traQue": "在成本预算过程中考虑项目进度计划：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 可以确认项目因素，然后进行成本分配。",
            "B": " 允许把成本分配到产生成本的时间段。",
            "C": " 提供另外一种帮助评估和监控成本执行情况的方法。",
            "D": " A 和 B。"
        },
        "analysis": "162.解析：1、项目工作所需的资源种类、数量和使用时间，都会对项目成本产生很大影响。进度活动所需的资源及其使用时间，是本过程的重要输入。在估算活动资源过程中，已经确定了开展进度活动所需的人员和材料的种类与数量。活动资源估算与成本估算密切相关。如果项目预算中包括财务费用（如利息），或者，如果资源的消耗取决于活动持续时间的长短，那么活动持续时间估算就会对项目成本估算产生影响。2、排除法，A错，成本预算是根据项目活动以及活动所用资源来确定活动成本的过程，不是进行成本分配；C错，成本预算过程是确定项目成本基准的过程，属于规划过程组，而控制成本过程是对成本进行评估和监督控制的过程，属于监控过程组。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "163",
        "question": "163.The scope is verified, and deliverables are completed and accepted by the stakeholders. Based on these deliverables, the organizational process assets and the project plan. What should the project manager do next?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Close the project or phase",
            "B": "Report performance to the team",
            "C": "Arrange a kick-off meeting",
            "D": "Conduct a quality assurance review"
        },
        "traQue": "项目范围已经核实，而且可交付成果已完成，并获得干系人的验收。根据这些可交付成果，组织过程资产和项目计划，项目经理接下来该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "结束项目或阶段",
            "B": "将绩效报告给团队",
            "C": "安排项目启动大会",
            "D": "开展质量保证审查"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "163.答案：A。参见PMBOK2012中3.7收尾过程组，选A。考点：结束项目或阶段。"
    },
    {
        "id": "164",
        "question": "164.Adopting less complex processes， conducting more tests， or choosing a more stable \n supplier are examples of _____. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "risk avoidance",
            "B": "risk transference",
            "C": "risk mitigation",
            "D": "risk acceptance"
        },
        "traQue": "采用不太复杂的流程，实施更多的测试，选择更加稳定的供应商是______的例子。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险回避",
            "B": "风险转移",
            "C": "风险减轻",
            "D": "风险接受"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "164.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.5.2.1。采用不太复杂的流程，实施更多的测试，选择更加稳定的供应商都是减轻风险的例子。"
    },
    {
        "id": "165",
        "question": "165. To successfully motivate a team in today's high tech environment,which motivational theories shoulcl the PM use to maintain a happy， productive team?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Expectancy and Theory X.",
            "B": "Theory Y and maslow's hierarchy.",
            "C": "Theory Y， Expectancy and Herzberg's Hygience Factors.",
            "D": "Herzberg's Hygience Factors and Expectancy."
        },
        "traQue": "在当今高科技环境下，为了成功激励一个团队，下面哪个澈励理论可以被项目管理者用来保持一个气氛活跃、多产的团队？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "期望理论和X理论。",
            "B": "Y理论和马斯洛理论。",
            "C": "Y理论、期望理论和赫兹伯格的卫生理论。",
            "D": "赫兹伯格的卫生理论和期望理论。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "165.答案：C。Y理论、期望理论和赫兹伯格的卫生因素理论都是对追求较高层次需求的人们可以产生激励作用的理论，与高科技环境下项目团队成员的高学历，高素质相对应。"
    },
    {
        "id": "166",
        "question": "166. A high ranking executive from the customer’s organization just gave you, the project manager, a change request. You have determined that if you implement the change the project will be late. Despite this, the executive insists you implement the change. What should you do？",
        "options": {
            "A": " Provide the documented request to the Change Control Board（CCB)",
            "B": " Begin implementing the change request to save time and then seek approval at the next scheduled CCB meeting.",
            "C": "Call a meeting with the customer and the project team to develop implementation test plans.",
            "D": "Refer the customer’s executive to the change control system section of the contract."
        },
        "traQue": "客户的一名高管,刚刚向作为项目经理的您提出一项变更请求，您发现，实施变更将导致项目延迟。尽管如此，对方仍坚持让您实施变更。您应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "向变更控制委员会（CCB",
            "B": "开始实施变更请求以节约时间，并在CCB的下次预定会议上谋求批准。",
            "C": "召集客户与项目组开会制定实施测试计划。",
            "D": "请客户高管参看合同的变更控制系统部分。"
        },
        "analysis": "166.解析：根据题意，项目经理已经对客户高管提出的变更请求做了评估并认为可能会使项目延迟，但是客户方仍然坚持要变更，这种情况就必须按照变更控制流程规定走审批程序，由于项目延迟可能会影响项目目标，题干也没有明确说明这种风险是在规划范围之内，因此要上报CCB,以获得对变更的批准。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "167",
        "question": "167.A project manager for the seller is told by her management that the project should do whatever possible to be awarded incentive money. The primary objective of incentive clauses in a contract is to: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " reduce costs for the buyer. ",
            "B": " help the seller control costs. ",
            "C": " synchronize objectives. ",
            "D": " reduce risk for the seller by shifting risk to the buyer. "
        },
        "traQue": "一卖方的管理层告诉其项目经理该项目应想方设法取得奖金。合同中奖励条款的主要目的是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 降低买方的成本",
            "B": " 帮助卖方控制成本",
            "C": " 同步目标",
            "D": " 通过转移买方的风险来降低卖方的风险"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "167.答案：C。奖励就是使卖方的目标和买方的一致，既面向进度又有相同的目标。"
    },
    {
        "id": "168",
        "question": "168.The“ultimate”responsibility for identifying and managing risk events lies with the _____。",
        "options": {
            "A": "project team members",
            "B": "supervisor of the project manager",
            "C": "project manager",
            "D": "project sponsor"
        },
        "traQue": "识别和管理风险的“最终”责任由_______ 承担。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目组成员",
            "B": "项目经理的经理",
            "C": "项目经理",
            "D": "项目发起人"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "168.答案：D。项目发起人是项目的出资人，风险的影响最终是由项目发起人承担的。参见本书，风险管理的责任。"
    },
    {
        "id": "169",
        "question": "169.Which of these statements most describes the purpose project charter?",
        "options": {
            "A": " To highlight the authority of the functional manager in the organization",
            "B": " To provide the project manager with the possibility for the project resources",
            "C": " To detail the resources to be used in the project",
            "D": " To highlight the daily responsibility"
        },
        "traQue": "下列关于项目章程的哪种说法最合适？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 强化职能经理在组织中的职权",
            "B": " 提供项目经理所需资源",
            "C": " 具体化项目所用资源",
            "D": " 强调每天的职责"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "169.答案：B。章程将授权项目经理在项目活动中使用组织资源。"
    },
    {
        "id": "170",
        "question": "170. The following are all Controlling processes except for:",
        "options": {
            "A": " control communications, administer procurements.",
            "B": " manage stakeholder engagement, develop project team.",
            "C": " control scope, verify scope.",
            "D": " control cost, control schedule."
        },
        "traQue": "下述选项属于监控过程组，但不包括:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 控制沟通、管理采购。",
            "B": " 管理干系人参与、建设项目团队。",
            "C": " 控制范围、核实范围。",
            "D": " 控制成本、控制进度。"
        },
        "analysis": "170.解析：管理干系人参与、建设项目团队都在执行过程组，故选B。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "171",
        "question": "171. During which part of the project management process is the project scope statement created? ",
        "options": {
            "A": "Initiating",
            "B": "Planning",
            "C": "Excuting",
            "D": "Monitoring and controlling"
        },
        "traQue": "项目范围说明书是在项目管理过程的哪个部分编制的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "启动",
            "B": "规划",
            "C": "执行",
            "D": "监控"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "171.答案：B。这个项目范围说明书是定义范围过程的输出，这发生在项目规划期间。"
    },
    {
        "id": "172",
        "question": "172. Which of the following are GENERALLY illustrated BETTER by bar charts than network diagrams?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource trade-off",
            "B": " Critical paths ",
            "C": " Logical relationships ",
            "D": " Progress or status"
        },
        "traQue": "总的说来，下面哪个选项在横道图中比网络图中能得到更好的图示？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 资源权衡",
            "B": " 关键路线",
            "C": " 逻辑关系",
            "D": " 进展或状态"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "172.参考答案：D。甘特图可表示时间，不表示逻辑关系。网络图表示逻辑关系，不表示时间。"
    },
    {
        "id": "173",
        "question": "173. The most important role of PM in a Matrix organization is",
        "options": {
            "A": " Communication. ",
            "B": " Integration. ",
            "C": " Negotiating. ",
            "D": " Leadership. "
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理在矩阵组织中的最重要的作用是？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 沟通。",
            "B": " 整合。",
            "C": " 谈判。",
            "D": " 领导。"
        },
        "analysis": "173.解析：整合是项目经理最主要的工作和职责。项目经理在项目型组织中发挥领导职责，在职能型组织中主要起沟通作用。谈判的职责主要是对外的。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "174",
        "question": "174.Who rarely request changes to the project scope?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project manager",
            "B": " Functional managers",
            "C": " Customer",
            "D": " Sponor"
        },
        "traQue": "谁对项目范围很少提出变更请求？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理",
            "B": " 职能经理",
            "C": " 客户",
            "D": " 发起人"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "174.参考答案：A。尽量少变更"
    },
    {
        "id": "175",
        "question": "175. There are specific absolutes for a comprehensive quality program. These are ______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "conformance to WBS",
            "B": "fitness of use and involvement during the planning phase",
            "C": "fitness of use and fitness for purpose",
            "D": "none of the above"
        },
        "traQue": "全面的具体的质量计划是________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "符合工作分解结构的要求",
            "B": "适用性与在计划阶段的参与",
            "C": "适用性与符合用户需求",
            "D": "以上都不是"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "175.答案：C。这里的全面质量计划，指的是关于产品要求和技术规范的计划，当然应该包括适用性和满足客户的需求。另外，工作分解结构是项目工作范围的总和，不包括对项目产品要求的说明。"
    },
    {
        "id": "176",
        "question": "176. All of the following are tools of Plan Quality EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Cost-benefit analysis.",
            "B": " Process Analysis.",
            "C": " Benchmarking.",
            "D": " Cost of quality."
        },
        "traQue": "以下均是规划质量的工具，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 成本收益分析。",
            "B": " 过程分析。",
            "C": " 标杆对照。",
            "D": " 质量成本。"
        },
        "analysis": "176.解析：1、过程分析是实施质量保证的工具,所以答案为B。2、选项A、C、D都是质量规划的工具.答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "177",
        "question": "177.A project has three critical paths. What difference does this make to the project? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " It makes it easier to manage",
            "B": " It increases the project risk ",
            "C": " It requires more people",
            "D": " The situation is not possible"
        },
        "traQue": "项目有三条关键路径。这对项目有什么不同吗?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 它使项目更易于管理",
            "B": " 它增加了项目风险",
            "C": " 它需要更多的人员",
            "D": " 这种情况是不可能的"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "177.参考答案：B。有三条关键路径，意味着任何一条延误，都会导致项目延误，风险较高。"
    },
    {
        "id": "178",
        "question": "178.Which of the following should not be considered when estimating activity durations?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource capabilities",
            "B": " The number of resources assigned to a task",
            "C": " Historical data if available",
            "D": " Overhead rates"
        },
        "traQue": "当估算活动持续时间时，不应该考虑下列哪项因素？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 资源能力",
            "B": " 分配到一项任务的资源数量",
            "C": " 历史信息，如果有的话",
            "D": " 开销率"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "178.答案：D。PMBOK2012中6.5.1估算活动持续时间-输入。选项A和选项B均属于资源日历，选项C属于组织过程资产。"
    },
    {
        "id": "179",
        "question": "179. The construction phase of a new software product is near completion. The next phases are testing and implementation. The project is two weeks ahead of schedule. Which of the following processes should the project manager be MOST concerned with before moving on to the final phase?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Velidate Scope",
            "B": "Control Quality ",
            "C": "Report Performance",
            "D": "Control Costs"
        },
        "traQue": "一个新的软件产品的构架阶段接近完成，下一个阶段是测试和实施。该项目比原进度提前了两周时间。在继续进行最后的阶段前，项目经理最应该关注什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确认范围",
            "B": "控制质量",
            "C": "绩效报告",
            "D": "费用控制"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "179.答案：A。确认范围过程与客户的验收有关。没有这个验收，项目经理将无法开始下一个项目阶段。"
    },
    {
        "id": "180",
        "question": "180.In crashing a task, you would focus on",
        "options": {
            "A": " As many tasks as possible",
            "B": " Non-critical tasks",
            "C": " Accelerating performance of tasks on critical path ",
            "D": " Accelerate performance by minimizing cost"
        },
        "traQue": "在任务赶工时，你会集中于:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "尽可能多的任务",
            "B": "非关键任务",
            "C": "加速关键路径上任务的执行",
            "D": "通过降低成本加速执行"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "180.参考答案：C。赶工需要压缩关键路径上的关键活动。"
    },
    {
        "id": "181",
        "question": "181. A project manager often solicits opinions from his team members. This is an example of having 。",
        "options": {
            "A": "difficult team members he needs to keep satisfied",
            "B": "a theory X style of leadership",
            "C": "a participative management style",
            "D": "difficult making decisions"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目经理经常向他的团队成员征求意见。这是 的例子。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 他需要满足棘手的成员",
            "B": "X理论的领导风格",
            "C": "参与式管理风格",
            "D": "难做决策"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "181.答案：C。参见本章管理风格之——民主型/参与型的定义。项目经理在根据参与型管理风格在征求团队成员的意见。"
    },
    {
        "id": "182",
        "question": "182. All of the following are true of project baselines EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " They are included in the original approved project management plan.",
            "B": " They include approved scope changes.",
            "C": " They are useful in detecting project variances.",
            "D": " They are useful in preparing the WBS."
        },
        "traQue": "以下关于项目基准的描述均正确，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "基准应该包含在已经批准的项目管理计划内。",
            "B": "基准包括批准的范围变更。",
            "C": "基准用来检查项目偏差。",
            "D": "基准用来制定工作分解结构。"
        },
        "analysis": "182.解析：范围基准是项目管理计划的组成部分。范围基准包括：·项目范围说明书。项目范围说明书包括产品范围描述和项目可交付成果，并定义用户对产品的验收标准。·工作分解结构。工作分解结构定义每一项可交付成果，并把可交付成果分解为工作包。·工作分解结构词典。工作分解结构词典对每一个工作分解结构要素的工作和技术文件做详细说明。项目范围基准包含WBS，而不是用基准来制定WBS，工作分解结构作为规划过程组的输出是项目管理计划制定的输入，所以工作分解结构在项目管理计划制定之前制定，所以选项D错误。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "183",
        "question": "183. All of the following rules are true about the lowest level WBS work packages EXCEPT work package ＿＿.",
        "options": {
            "A": "can be completed without interruption in one location.",
            "B": "can be confidently estimateD",
            "C": "must be assigned to only one person.",
            "D": "must be completed with 80 hours."
        },
        "traQue": "下列规则除＿＿以外对于工作分解结构最低层次的工作包都是正确的。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "可以在一个位置不发生中断地完成。",
            "B": "可以有信心地作出估计。",
            "C": "必须且只能分配给一个人。",
            "D": "必须在80小内完成。"
        },
        "analysis": "183.答案C。选项A一个最低层次的工作包是可以在一个位置不发生中断地完成的。B分解到最低层次的意义就在于能够对该工作包作出估计。C正确。最低层次的工作包可以用一个人以上来做。分配给一个人不是必需的。D可以这样对最低层次的工作包进行定义。",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "184",
        "question": "184. Relaxing the objective that is in jeopardy， such as extending the schedule or reducing scope are examples of risk ______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "avoidance",
            "B": "transference",
            "C": "mitigation",
            "D": "acceptance"
        },
        "traQue": "对受到风险威胁的一些目标放松要求，例如延长进度或减少范围是______风险的例子。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "回避",
            "B": "转移",
            "C": "减轻",
            "D": "接受"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "184.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.5.2.1。对受到风险威胁的一些目标放松要求，例如延长进度或减少范围，在风险应对策略中属于回避风险。"
    },
    {
        "id": "185",
        "question": "185. A scope change is made on the project. You have determined the effect on the schedule, performed integrated change control, and adjusted the project baselines and the project management plan. What is the NEXT thing to do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Look for impacts to cost.",
            "B": " Notify stakeholders affected by the change.",
            "C": " Submit the change to the change control board for approval.",
            "D": " Change the work breakdown structure."
        },
        "traQue": "项目进行了一项范围变更。你评估了此变更对进度的影响后，开始实施了整体变更控制流程、调整了项目基线和项目管理计划。接下来你应该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "了解变更对成本的影响。",
            "B": "告知受影响的干系人。",
            "C": "向整体变更控制委员会提交变更申请。",
            "D": "改变工作分解结构。"
        },
        "analysis": "185.解析：1、整体变更控制包括评估变更对成本的影响，因此排除答案A；2、在调整项目基线和项目管理计划时，已向变更控制委员会提交申请，所以答案C不对；3、一旦项目管理计划进行了调整，就意味着工作分解结构的更新，所以排除答案D。4、按实施变更控制的步骤所述执行变更与通知相关干系人是并行，所以答案B最佳。答案B",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "186",
        "question": "186. During which risk management process is a determination to transfer a risk made?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Identify Risks",
            "B": "Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis",
            "C": "Plan Risk Responses",
            "D": "Control Risks"
        },
        "traQue": "在哪个风险管理过程中可以做转移风险的决定？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "识别风险",
            "B": "实施定量风险分析",
            "C": "规划风险应对",
            "D": "控制风险"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "186.答案：C。转移风险是风险应对策略。"
    },
    {
        "id": "187",
        "question": "187. Most of the project manager’s external communication links consist of ______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "written documents",
            "B": "oral communications",
            "C": "tactile contact",
            "D": "informal contact"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理大多数外部沟通是由______组成的。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "书面文档",
            "B": "口头沟通",
            "C": "战术联系",
            "D": "非正式联系"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "187.答案：A。在与项目团队外部的人员沟通时，书面文档方式是最适合的，因为它便于给双方留存一个书面沟通记录，避免发生不必要的误会，如果发生误解或者纠纷，对双方都是一个有据可查的历史信息。"
    },
    {
        "id": "188",
        "question": "188.What is the fundamental weakness of the earned value concept? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Not knowing the client's project scope as it relates to the current W BS ",
            "B": " Once the BCWP is calculateD",
            "C": " The ability to provide accurate estimates of the percentage of work completeD",
            "D": " D There is no weakness on this concept "
        },
        "traQue": "什么是挣值（earned value.概念的基本缺点？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "由于它与当前的W B S有关，故无法知道客户项目范围",
            "B": "等到B C W P计算出来，再对项目成本采取纠正措施就太晚了",
            "C": "要对完工的百分比作出准确评估是很困难的",
            "D": "这个概念中没有缺点"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "188.参考答案：C。挣值管理的基本缺点是对完工的百分比（EV）很难准确评估。"
    },
    {
        "id": "189",
        "question": "189.A Pareto diagram helps the project manager to? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Focus on the most critical issues to improve quality. ",
            "B": " Focus on stimulating thinking. ",
            "C": " Explore a desired future outcome. ",
            "D": " Determine if a process is out of control. "
        },
        "traQue": "帕累托图可以帮助项目经理： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关注最关键的问题改进质量。",
            "B": " 关注激发思考。 ",
            "C": " 了解想要达到的未来产出。 ",
            "D": " 确定一个过程是否失去控制。"
        },
        "analysis": "189.解析：8.1.2.3“帕累托图是一种特殊的垂直条线图，用于识别造成大多数问题的少数重要原因”。B是因果图。C是趋势图。D是控制图。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "190",
        "question": "190.A project experiences an increased number of issues. After an initial root cause analysis, the project manager suspects these issues have a common technical cause. It is believed that the risk management plan prepared by the team is not comprehensive. \n Which of the following tools should be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the risk management process?",
        "options": {
            "A": " status meeting",
            "B": " Risk reassessment",
            "C": " Technical performance management",
            "D": " Risk audits"
        },
        "traQue": "某项目正在经历越来越多的问题，开展初步的根本原因分析之后，项目经理怀疑这些问题具有一个共同的技术原因，团队制定的风险管理计划被认为是不全面的。应该使用下列哪一项工具来评估风险管理过程的有效性？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 状态会议",
            "B": " 风险更新评估",
            "C": " 技术绩效管理",
            "D": " 风险审核"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "190.答案：D。所属知识领域：项目风险管理。所属过程组：监控过程组。解析：风险审计（审核）的定义是检查并记录风险应对措施在处理已识别风险及其根源方面的有效性，以及风险管理过程的有效性。书中原话，出处：PMBOK2012中11.6.2.2"
    },
    {
        "id": "191",
        "question": "191. The amount of authority a project manager possesses can be related to: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project manager's communication skills",
            "B": " The organizational structure",
            "C": " The amount of authority the manager of the project manager possesses ",
            "D": " The project manager's influencing skills"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理拥有的权力与什么有关？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目经理的沟通技能",
            "B": "组织结构",
            "C": "项目经理的领导所拥有的权力",
            "D": "项目经理的影响能力"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "191.参考答案：B知识要点：在不同的组织结构中，项目经理的职权不一样"
    },
    {
        "id": "192",
        "question": "192.The project sponsor told the PM that he wanted to cut the 6 month project to 3 months  \n by doubling the number of resources. The PM was experienced enough to know this would NOT \n work because of—",
        "options": {
            "A": " Sunk costs",
            "B": " Resources depreciation",
            "C": " Lost opportunity",
            "D": " The law of diminishing returns"
        },
        "traQue": "项目发起人告诉项目经理，他想通过把资源加倍，来把工期由六个月减少为3个月。经验丰富的项目经理知道这是不可行的，因为：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 沉没成本",
            "B": " 资源折旧",
            "C": " 损失机会成本",
            "D": " 收益递减法则"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "192.参考答案：D。收益递减规律：随着投入的增加，单位投入的产出，会呈现逐渐减少的趋势。"
    },
    {
        "id": "193",
        "question": "193.Earned value measurement is an example of:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Performance reporting.",
            "B": "Planning control.",
            "C": "Ishikawa diagrams.",
            "D": "Integrating the project components into a whole."
        },
        "traQue": "挣值衡量是以下哪项的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "绩效报告。",
            "B": "规划控制。",
            "C": "鱼骨图。",
            "D": "将项目各个部分整合成为整体。"
        },
        "analysis": "193.解析：1.实施整体变更控制：输入，“工作绩效报告包括：资源可用情况、进度和成本数据、挣值管理报告、燃烧图或燃尽图”，所以选项A正确；2.选项BCD都与题干无任何关系，而且规划控制（B）并不是PMBOK中的术语。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "194",
        "question": "194.After completing the Define Scope Process, what technique should the project management produce reliable estimates and manage cost and activity durations?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Decomposition",
            "B": " Precedence diagramming",
            "C": " Earned value management",
            "D": " Baselining"
        },
        "traQue": "完成定义范围过程后，项目经理应该使用哪项技术来生成可靠估算并管理成本和活动历时。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 分解",
            "B": " 紧前关系绘图法",
            "C": " 挣值管理",
            "D": " 确立基准"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "194.答案：A。WBS的含义"
    },
    {
        "id": "195",
        "question": "195. Communications under a contract should tend toward：",
        "options": {
            "A": "Formal written communication. ",
            "B": "Formal verbal communication. ",
            "C": "Informal written communication. ",
            "D": "Informal verbal communication. "
        },
        "traQue": "在合同下的沟通应该趋向：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "正式书面沟通",
            "B": "正式口头沟通",
            "C": "非正式书面沟通",
            "D": "非正式口头沟通"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "195.答案：A。当我们谈论合同时，我们所做的一切都要比在其它项目活动中都更加正式。在采购中记录也同样重要，对书面沟通的需要也是如此。"
    },
    {
        "id": "196",
        "question": "196.Estimate at completion (EAC: can be computed by taking the budget at complete and: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " dividing it by the schedule performance index.",
            "B": " multiplying it by the schedule performance index.",
            "C": " multiplying it by the cost performance index.",
            "D": " dividing it by the cost performance index."
        },
        "traQue": "完工估算（EAC:可以被计算通过完工预算（BAC:： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 除以进度绩效指数（SPI.",
            "B": " 乘以进度绩效指数 （SPI.",
            "C": " 乘以成本绩效指数（CPI.",
            "D": " 除以成本绩效指数（CPI."
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "196.参考答案：D。EAC的典型偏差的计算公式。"
    },
    {
        "id": "197",
        "question": "197. An activity has been delayed and the project manager needs to deal with the situation. What is the NEXT thing she should do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Determine how much of a problem it is.",
            "B": " Report to management.",
            "C": " Crash or fast track.",
            "D": " Use contingency reserves."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在处理某一活动被延迟的问题。她接下来首先做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确定问题的程度。",
            "B": "汇报给管理层。",
            "C": "赶工或快速跟进。",
            "D": "使用应急储备。"
        },
        "analysis": "197.解析：1、目前的工作是跟踪已经完成，已知活动被延迟，接下来需要做的是审查项目进展，也就是要去评估该活动被延迟产生的影响到底有多大，然后根据审查结果来调整项目进展。2、答案A符合监控项目工作的流程，做任何决定之前都要进行评估。故选项A正确。3、B,C,D都是调整项目工作的内容。需要理解的概念：当处理结果可能超出了项目经理的权限时，当向管理层汇报，才选B。赶工可能增加成本；应急储备是为规划但可能发生的变更提供的补贴，这些变更由风险登记册中所列的已知风险引起。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "198",
        "question": "198.A company has a collection of projects, A, B and C: These projects are prioritized across a common set of criteria based on the company’s objectives. Project B has high priority because it will increase the company’s market share and reduce dependency on unreliable suppliers. What activity is being performed？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Capturing market share ",
            "B": "Portfolio management",
            "C": "Initiating a project",
            "D": "Program management "
        },
        "traQue": "某家公司有一些项目，即项目A，B，C。这些项目是根据公司的目标，按照一套相同的标准划分优先顺序。项目B的优先级较高，因为它将会扩大公司的市场份额，减少对不可靠供应商的依赖性。这是在执行什么活动？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "获得市场份额",
            "B": "项目组合管理",
            "C": "项目启动",
            "D": "项目集管理"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "198.答案：B。项目组合管理重点关注通过审核项目和项目集来确定资源分配的优先顺序，参见PMBOK2012中1.4.1，考点：项目组合管理。"
    },
    {
        "id": "199",
        "question": "199.A new project manager is having difficulty creating a WBS with the team. To alleviate this situation, the project manager should ask for help from:",
        "options": {
            "A": "The sponsor.",
            "B": "Other project managers.",
            "C": "The project management office.",
            "D": "The team."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理和团队在制定工作分解结构时遇到了困难，为了解决此问题，项目经理应该寻求谁的帮助？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "发起人。",
            "B": "其他项目经理。",
            "C": "项目管理办公室。",
            "D": "团队。"
        },
        "analysis": "199.解析：题干中描述的内容是项目管理办公室的职责之一，尽管项目经理可以从其它地方寻去到帮助，但项目管理办公室可以提供最专业的技术和支持。因此，本题选C。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "200",
        "question": "200. Quality audits when performed correctly will provide the following benefit.",
        "options": {
            "A": " The product of the project is fit for use and meets safety standards.",
            "B": " Allow for applicable laws and standards not to adhered to.",
            "C": " Corrective action is implemented continuously throughout the project.",
            "D": " Quality improvements need not be identifieD"
        },
        "traQue": "正确进行质量审计将产生以下好处:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目的产品将具有适用性并满足安全标准。",
            "B": " 不必要固守所适用的法律和标准。",
            "C": " 使纠正措施持续的在项目过程中实施。",
            "D": " 无需识别质量改善。"
        },
        "analysis": "200.解析：采取后续措施纠正问题，可以带来质量成本的降低，并提高发起人或客户对项目产品的接受度。其它选项都不能描述质量审计的好处。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "201",
        "question": "201.It is crucial that your project team finish your project on time. Your team is using a technique to account for limited resources. You have also added a project buffer before the end date and feeding buffers before each critical task. What technique are you using?",
        "options": {
            "A": " critical path analysis.",
            "B": " PERT.",
            "C": " critical chain.",
            "D": " earned value."
        },
        "traQue": "你的项目团队必须按时完成项目。你的团队使用了一种考虑有限资源的技术，在最终日期前添加了缓冲并在关键活动上加入缓冲。这种技术叫做:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键路径分析。",
            "B": " 项目计划评审技术。",
            "C": " 关键链。",
            "D": " 挣值。"
        },
        "analysis": "201.解析：1、关键链法是一种根据有限的资源来调整项目进度计划的进度网络分析技术；2、资源约束型关键路径就是关键链。关键链法在网络图中增加作为“非工作进度活动”的持续时间缓冲，用来确定不确定性。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "202",
        "question": "202. 副总裁给你打来紧急电话，说她15分钟后要去见一个重要的客户，谈一个很大很复杂的关于网站的项目。她给你30秒钟的时间考虑，然后告诉她这个项目需要多少成本。你迅速地回顾了过去的类似项目，虽然有些信息尚未知晓，但你还是给了她一个大概的数字。你刚才使用的是什么类型的估计方法?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 确定性估计",
            "B": " 预算",
            "C": " 数量级估算",
            "D": " 详细估计"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "202.参考答案：C。很快的、粗略的估算，就是量级估算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "203",
        "question": "203. The major difference between the project coordinator and project expeditor forms of organization is that",
        "options": {
            "A": " Strong commitment to the project usually does not exist in the project expeditor form of organization",
            "B": " The project coordinator cannot personally make or enforce decisions",
            "C": " The project expeditor acts only as an intermediary between management and the project team",
            "D": " The project coordinator reports to a higher-level manager in the organization"
        },
        "traQue": "项目协调者类型和项目促进者类型的组织形式之间主要区别在于:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 在项目促进者类型的组织形式中，员工们通常对项目没有比较稳固的承诺",
            "B": " 项目协调者通常不能以个人名义做出或执行项目决策",
            "C": " 项目促进者只是作为管理层和项目团队之间的媒介存在",
            "D": " 项目协调者负责向组织中更高层的经理人员进行报告"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "203.参考答案：D知识要点：项目协调员可以向更高层汇报，有一定的决策权"
    },
    {
        "id": "204",
        "question": "204. As a PM，you just received an ongoing project. Now you are examining a pile of scope change requests on a project. To assess the degree to which the project scope will change，you need to compare the requests to which project document?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Scope statement",
            "B": "WBS",
            "C": "Project plan",
            "D": "Scope management plan"
        },
        "traQue": "作为项目经理，你刚接管了一个项目。现在要检查一堆关于这个项目的范围变更请求。为了评估这个项目将在什么程度上变更，你需要将这些变更要求跟哪一个项目文件的要求作比较?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "范围说明。",
            "B": "工作分解结构。",
            "C": "项目计划。",
            "D": "范围管理计划。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "204.答案：B。此题考的是项目范围的基准。"
    },
    {
        "id": "205",
        "question": "205. Your company is undergoing a change in ownership and the new owners are looking at the total cost of a new product .which of the following would BEST provide that information?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Estimate at completion.",
            "B": " Life cycle cost.",
            "C": " Earned value.",
            "D": " Net present value."
        },
        "traQue": "公司正在经历所有权变更问题，新任所有者想了解新产品的总成本。以下哪项能提供此类信息？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 完工估算。",
            "B": " 生命周期成本。",
            "C": " 挣值。",
            "D": " 净现值。"
        },
        "analysis": "205.解析：TCO(TotalCostofOwnership)通常需要考虑整个生命周期内的全部成本。它包括了项目开发、运营、维护、处置等成本的总和。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "206",
        "question": "206. Decision trees are best used for ______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "determining the interaction of the amount at stake and the expected value",
            "B": "association of the probabilities with the risk events",
            "C": "an illustrations of how to see the interactions between decisions and the associated events",
            "D": "a flow chart which determines the standard deviation of the risk event"
        },
        "traQue": "决策树的最佳用途是_________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确定受影响金额和期望值的交互作用",
            "B": "将概率与风险事件相关联",
            "C": "说明如何理解决策和相关事件的交互作用",
            "D": "决定风险事件标准方差的流程图"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "206.答案：C。决策树要计算每一个备选方案的预期货币值，然后进行决策。每一个要决策的备选方案中有不同的相关事件（需要量化每个事件的概率、影响）。决策树分析的过程就是分析“决策”和这些相关事件之间的相互作用。"
    },
    {
        "id": "207",
        "question": "207. A project manager is finalizing a project that has had repeated problems with cost conformance. He is concerned about what management will say. Which of the following types of information would be BEST for the project manager to use to evaluate performance?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The cost performance index (CPI)",
            "B": " A list of complaints from senior management.",
            "C": " The last bar chart.",
            "D": " The project budget."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在结束一个经历很多成本问题的项目，他很关心管理层对此项目的评价。项目经理最好使用以下哪项信息来评估绩效？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 成本绩效指数（CPI)",
            "B": " 管理层的假设和约束清单。",
            "C": " 最新的甘特图。",
            "D": " 项目预算。"
        },
        "analysis": "207.解析：1、B和C都是与进度有关的工具技术；2、选项D虽然是成本相关，但不属于绩效范畴。只有选项A涉及了成本和绩效问题。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "208",
        "question": "208.Which of the following type of contracts is most preferable to the contractor doing the project work?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Cost plus fixed fee.",
            "B": "Fixed price.",
            "C": "Fixed price and incentive fee.",
            "D": "B and C"
        },
        "traQue": "对于承包商来说，哪一类合同最具有可取性？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "成本及固定费用。",
            "B": "固定价格。",
            "C": "固定价格和激励费用。",
            "D": "B和C。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "208.答案：A。于承包商，首先要保证收回成本，所以成本加固定费用是最具可取性的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "209",
        "question": "209. Warranty and inventory costs are going up, causing the project manager to worry about the costs of nonconformance. What is the BEST advice you can give the project manager?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Increases scrap.",
            "B": " Increase rework",
            "C": " Perform a quality audit.",
            "D": " Look for benchmarks."
        },
        "traQue": "担保及库存成本不断上升，使得项目经理非常担心非一致成本。你给项目经理的最佳建议是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "增加费料。",
            "B": "增加返工。",
            "C": "实施质量审计。",
            "D": "寻找基准。"
        },
        "analysis": "209.解析：1、增加废料或增加返工将使得非一致性成本进一步增多，显然这不是项目经理乐意见到的，因此，选项A和选项B不正确；2、选项D寻找基准，可理解为标杆对照（规划质量的工具与技术），但它只能帮助确认问题发生的程度，不能从根本上解决实际问题；3、实施质量保证有助于持续过程改进，减少浪费，消除非增值活动，从而降低非一致性成本，质量审计是实施质量保证的工具，所以，选项C正确。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "210",
        "question": "210.Based the information in question 7，which will most likely be completed within time and cost constraints?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Project A",
            "B": "Project B",
            "C": "Project C",
            "D": "Both A and B answers."
        },
        "traQue": "如上题所述，哪个项目最有可能按时并在预算内完成？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目A。",
            "B": "项目B。",
            "C": "项目C。",
            "D": "项目A和项目B。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "210.答案：C。对于项目成本进行评估使用成本绩效指标CPI=EV/AC=BCWP/ACWP。"
    },
    {
        "id": "211",
        "question": "211.A firm-fixed-price project is 50 percent complete.The project manager anticipates that the project may be completed on time, but the final cost may be higher than planned due to changes in external regulatory requirements .What should the project manager do first ?",
        "options": {
            "A": "perform ask reassessment .",
            "B": "Analyze changes with added costs and present to customer .",
            "C": "Use contingency for additional costs .",
            "D": "Reduce resources and cut costs"
        },
        "traQue": "一个固定总价项目已完工50%，项目经理预计项目可以按时完工。但是由于外部监管意外发生变更，最终成本可能高于计划成本。项目经理首先应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "执行风险再评估",
            "B": "分析增加成本的变更，并提交客户",
            "C": "将应急储备用于额外成本",
            "D": "减少资源，削减成本"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "211.答案：A。见PMBOK11.6.2.1风险再评估。对现有风险进行再评估，根据当前的风险评估，决定采取的措施。"
    },
    {
        "id": "212",
        "question": "212. You have been assigned to a project in which the objectives are to direct customer calls to an Interactive Voice Response system before being connected to a live agent. You are in charge of the media communications for this project. You report to the project manager in charge of this project and the VP of marketing, who share responsibility for this project. Which organizational structure do you work in? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Functional organization ",
            "B": " Weak matrix organization ",
            "C": " Projectized organization ",
            "D": " Balanced matrix organization "
        },
        "traQue": "你参与一个项目，该项目目标是在客户的电话在未被连接到代理之前，将其接到一个交互式的语音回应系统。你主要负责该项目的信息沟通.你需要向该项目的项目经理和市场VP（与项目经理共同分享项目的权限和职责.汇报工作。你所工作的机构属于下列哪种组织形式？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 职能组织",
            "B": " 弱矩阵组织",
            "C": " 项目化组织",
            "D": " 平衡矩阵组织"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "212.参考答案：D知识要点：平衡矩阵组织结构中，项目经理和职能经理权力一样大"
    },
    {
        "id": "213",
        "question": "213. The development of the scope baseline can BEST be described as involving.",
        "options": {
            "A": "The functional managers",
            "B": "The project team",
            "C": "All the stakeholders",
            "D": "The project expediter"
        },
        "traQue": "范围基准的的制定最好有谁参与",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "职能经理。",
            "B": "项目团队。",
            "C": "所有的干系人。",
            "D": "项目稽查员。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "213.答案：B。在获得来自客户和其他干系人的输入信息之后，项目团队负责制定范围基准。请记住，范围基准包括WBS，WBS词典和项目范围说明书。"
    },
    {
        "id": "214",
        "question": "214. Which of following cannot be tracked using the WBS？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Time",
            "B": "Cost",
            "C": "Quality",
            "D": "Amount of work"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪个选项不能使用WBS来进行跟踪？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "时间",
            "B": "成本",
            "C": "质量",
            "D": "工作量"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "214.答案：C。规划质量管理需要范围基准作为依据，但质量目标达成情况的跟踪，需要使用质量核对表等来进行。"
    },
    {
        "id": "215",
        "question": "215.After much excitement and hard work, the contract statement of work for the project is completeD: Even after gaining agreement that the contract statement of work is complete, the project manager is still concerned whether it actually addresses all the buyer's needs. The project manager is about to attend the bidder conference. He asks you for advice on what to do during the session. Which of the following is the BEST advice you can give him? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " You do not need to attend this session. The contract manager will hold it. ",
            "B": " Make sure you negotiate project scope. ",
            "C": " Make sure you give all the sellers enough time to ask questions. They may not want to ask questions while their competitors are in the room. ",
            "D": " Let the project sponsor handle the meeting so you can be the good guy in the negotiation session. "
        },
        "traQue": "在艰苦工作之后，项目的工作合同声明完成了。即便在签署了工作合同声明完成的协议后，项目经理还是担心它是否考虑了买方的全部需求。项目经理马上要参加投标人会议，他向你征求意见，会议上应该怎么做。下列哪项建议最好？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 你不必参加会议，合同经理主持",
            "B": " 确保你谈判项目范围",
            "C": " 确保你给所有卖方足够的时间提问，他们可能不会在竞争者在场时问问题。",
            "D": " 让项目出资人处理会议，所以你在谈判时就是个好人了"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "215.答案：C。项目经理应参加投标人会议，所以选项A不对。你是不是选了选项B，因为本题涉及范围的问题？那么在读一读选项。它说的是谈判，谈判发生在选择卖方之后，不是在投标人会议期间。合同经理通常主持投标人会议，所以选项D不对。选项C是说投标人会议的很多挑战之一，所以最好。"
    },
    {
        "id": "216",
        "question": "216. After analyzing the status of your project, your determine that the earned value (EV. is lower than the planned value (PV) What should you expect as an outcome if this trend continues?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The actual cost will be lower than planneD",
            "B": " The estimate at completion will be lower than planneD",
            "C": " The project will finish behind schedule.",
            "D": " The project will finish below the original cost estimate."
        },
        "traQue": "分析完项目状况后，你发现项目的挣值（EV.低于计划值（PV)如果这个趋势一直发展下去，结果将会如何？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "实际成本低于计划成本。",
            "B": "完工估算低于计划值。",
            "C": "项目完工日期将会落后预计进度。",
            "D": "项目完工的最终成本要比原先估算的要低。"
        },
        "analysis": "216.解析：EV低于PV说明SV是处于负数状态，SV处于小于零时，是进度落后的表现，会出现项目进度（完工日期）落后预计进度的过程。C项满足此说法，其他选项都是描述的成本问题。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "217",
        "question": "217. Which of the following is a direct project cost?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Lighting and heating for the corporate office.",
            "B": "Workers compensation insurance.",
            "C": "Piping for an irrigation project.",
            "D": "A and B"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪个属于项目直接成本？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "公司办公室的照明和取暖费用。",
            "B": "工人的保险补偿费用。",
            "C": "一个灌溉项目的铺设管道费用。",
            "D": "A和B。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "217.答案：C。见本章成本的种类描述部分。"
    },
    {
        "id": "218",
        "question": "218. The main purpose of documenting and disseminating the project plan is to______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "reduce uncertainty in project execution",
            "B": "communicate with the project stadeholders",
            "C": "improve cost controls",
            "D": "evaluate other technical solutions"
        },
        "traQue": "将项目计划文档化并分发，其主要目的是_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "减少项目执行的不确定性",
            "B": "与项目干系人进行沟通",
            "C": "改进对项目费用的控制",
            "D": "评估其他的技术方案"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "218.答案：B。将项目计划进行文档化，就是为了方便沟通，而信息的分发本身就是沟通内容的一部分。"
    },
    {
        "id": "219",
        "question": "219.A company’s chief technology officer announced that an innovative new product and requires the project manager provide a product development schedule, what should the project manager do next?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Definition activities",
            "B": " Develop schedule",
            "C": " Develop project manager schedule",
            "D": " Develop Project Charter"
        },
        "traQue": "一家公司的首席技术官宣布将开发一项创新的新产品，并要求项目经理提供一份产品开发的计划，项目经理下一步该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "定义活动",
            "B": "制定项目计划",
            "C": "指定项目管理计划",
            "D": "制定项目章程"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "219.答案：D。见PMBOK4.1制定项目章程。项目章程是确立项目正式地位的文件，须首先制定项目章程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "220",
        "question": "220. Because of a new government regulation，you had to change the scope of your telecommunications project. Several changes were made to the project’s objectives. You have updated the project’s technical and planning document as needeD: Your next step should be to____。",
        "options": {
            "A": "notify the stakeholders as appropriate",
            "B": "revise the company the knowledge management system",
            "C": "obtain formal acceptance from your sponsor and customer",
            "D": "prepare a performance report"
        },
        "traQue": "你在管理一个电信项目，由于最近政府出台了一项新的规定，你不得不改变原定的项目范围。对于项目目标作了几个变更。你更新了项目中使用的技术和计划文件。你的下一步是____。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "正式通知干系人",
            "B": "修改公司的知识管理系统",
            "C": "从项目发起人和客户那里获得对项目变更的正式承认",
            "D": "准备一个业绩报告"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "220.答案：A。变更已经发生。范围变更应反馈到计划编制过程，技术或计划编制的文档应根据需要进行更新，并应将更新的内容通知有关项目干系人。"
    },
    {
        "id": "221",
        "question": "221.One of your team members informs you that he does not know which of the many projects he is working on is the most important. Who should determine the priorities among projects in a company?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project manager",
            "B": " Sponsor",
            "C": " Senior management",
            "D": " Team "
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目团队成员告诉你，他不知道他参与的哪个项目工作更重要。谁负责确定项目在公司的优先权？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理 ",
            "B": " 项目投资人",
            "C": " 高级管理层",
            "D": " 项目团队"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "221.参考答案：C知识要点：项目经理负责单个项目的管理；多个项目的管理，由高层负责；项目投资人是发起某个项目，并且提供钱的人"
    },
    {
        "id": "222",
        "question": "222. You have just finished most of the work on a new systems integration project when the seller comes to you with detailed procedures for closeout of the contract. The contract included closeout procedures. What should you do? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Revise the closeout procedures after getting management's approval",
            "B": " Get a change order",
            "C": " Create new procedures that are more complete",
            "D": " Assess the quality of the seller's new detailed procedures and if they are better than the current procedures, use them"
        },
        "traQue": "你刚刚完成一个系统集成项目的大部分工作，供应商找到你拿出一个详细的合同收尾程序。你应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 获得管理层批准后修订收尾程序",
            "B": " 获得一个变更单",
            "C": " 建立一个更加完善的程序",
            "D": " 评估供应商新的详细程序的质量，如果好于现在的程序，就予采纳"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "222.参考答案：B。从题干中来看，项目经理的收尾与供应商的不一致，需要变更。如果要变更，先要获得变更请求单，再走其他变更管理流程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "223",
        "question": "223. The Program Evaluation Review Technique（PERT.of project management is used for___.",
        "options": {
            "A": "project planning and predicting ",
            "B": "developing cost histograms ",
            "C": "providing visibility and enabling management to control one of a kind projects ",
            "D": "both A and C"
        },
        "traQue": "项目管理中的计划评审技术是用来___",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目计划和预测",
            "B": "完成成本直方图",
            "C": "提供一类项目的可视化和可操作的管理，来有效控制项目",
            "D": "A和C"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "223.答案：D。见《PMBOK指南》第五版6.5.2.4."
    },
    {
        "id": "224",
        "question": "224.A company would like their project selection models stored in a computer database to serve as input for their new projects .The company is updating which of the following？",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project management information system",
            "B": " Organizational process assets",
            "C": " Enterprise environmental factors",
            "D": " Commercial database "
        },
        "traQue": "一家公司希望将项目的选择模型存储在计算机数据库中，以作为新项目的依据，这家公司在更新什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目管理信息系统",
            "B": " 组织过程资产",
            "C": " 事业环境因素",
            "D": " 商业数据库"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "224.答案：B。参见PMBOK2012中2.1.4，组织过程资产包括来自任何（或所有）项目参与组织，可用于执行或治理项目的任何产物、时间或知识。这些过程资产包括执行组织所特有并使用的正式和非正式的计划、流程、政策、程序和知识库。过程资产还包括组织的知识库，如经验教训和历史信息。在项目全过程中，项目团队成员可以对组织过程资产进行必要的更新和补充。组织过程资产可分成以下两大类：（1）流程与程序；（2）共享知识库。"
    },
    {
        "id": "225",
        "question": "225. Assurance that activities throughout time have conformed to the organization’s requirements can be accomplished through the use of: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Status reports. ",
            "B": " Benchmarking. ",
            "C": " Control charts. ",
            "D": " Project stage gates. "
        },
        "traQue": "要保证整个过程的活动符合组织的需求，可以通过 _____实现？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 状态报告。",
            "B": " 标杆对照。 ",
            "C": " 控制图。",
            "D": " 项目阶段关口。"
        },
        "analysis": "225.解析：只有控制图可以保证整个过程活动符合组织需求。标杆对照（选项A）是与其他过程活动进行对比并形成绩效基准，状态报告（选项A）和项目阶段关口（里程碑）（选项D）只是对过程进行记录，不能起到任何保证作用。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "226",
        "question": "226. The critical element in a project’s communication system is the ______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "progress report",
            "B": "project directive",
            "C": "project manager",
            "D": "customer"
        },
        "traQue": "在项目沟通系统中的关键因素是_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "进展报告",
            "B": "项目指示",
            "C": "项目经理",
            "D": "客户"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "226.答案：C。项目经理在沟通中的作用，通常被认为是项目沟通的中枢，是整个沟通系统的关键因素。"
    },
    {
        "id": "227",
        "question": "227. Jake has been assigned the position of PM of multi-organizational project. His organization，which is the primary performing organization，has a weak quality policy. The other organizations have no quality policy. Jake should 。",
        "options": {
            "A": "use the policy for his organization，since his organization is the primary performing organization",
            "B": "forget about the quality aspects of the project since two-thirds of the term have no quality policy",
            "C": "work with the team members from the various organizations and develop a quality policy for the project without telling anyone，to eliminate negative feedback",
            "D": "seek buy-in from all organizations to fund a quality program"
        },
        "traQue": "@227.Jake被任命为一个多元组织项目的项目经理，他的公司是一个主要的执行组织，有一个比较弱的质量方针。其他的公司中没有质量方针。Jake应该 。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "用他们公司的质量方针，因为他的公司是主要的执行组织",
            "B": "不考虑项目质量方面的事情，因为三分之二的团队都没有质量方针",
            "C": "与来自各个组织的成员一起制定一个这个项目的质量方针，同时不告诉任何其他人以消除负面反应",
            "D": "从所有的组织中寻找支持来建立一个质量计划"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "227.答案：D。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.1.l.6，如果实施组织没有正式的质量原则，或者项目牵扯到多个执行组织（如合资项目），则项目管理团队就需要为项目制定一个质量政策。"
    },
    {
        "id": "228",
        "question": "228. As a result of your analysis of the risks on the project, you have decided to remove a team member from the project team in order to decrease the overall project risk. What is this an example of?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Transference.",
            "B": " Resource analysis.",
            "C": " Avoidance.",
            "D": " Acceptance."
        },
        "traQue": "风险分析后，你决定将一团队成员从你项目上开除，目的是为了降低项目的整体风险。这是以下哪项的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 转移。",
            "B": " 资源分析。",
            "C": " 回避。",
            "D": " 接受。"
        },
        "analysis": "228.解析：把造成项目风险的成员开除相当于把造成风险的因素踢出出去，完全消除威胁，属于风险回避的一种。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "229",
        "question": "229. Your country has held the sport of bowling in high esteem ever since indigenous bowlers first introduced it to your region 3,000 years ago. You are the project manager for a government-approved national monument to the sport: a marble-and-titanium structure in the form of a bowling pin. This monument is expected to last for centuries. In this situation, the concept of being temporary, which is part of the definition of a project",
        "options": {
            "A": " Does not apply because the project will have a lasting result",
            "B": " Does not apply to the product to be created",
            "C": " Recognizes that the project team will outlive the actual project",
            "D": " Does not apply because the project will not be short in duration"
        },
        "traQue": "自从3000年前第一次将保龄球运动引入到你的国家， 你的国家一直将保龄球运动视为一种高尚的运动。你作为一个项目经理要为政府建造一个保龄球运动的纪念碑: 一个大理石--钛结构的保龄球饰针。 这个纪念碑预期能够持续几个世纪。 在这种情况下， 认为项目是暂时性的这种说法",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 不适合， 因为这个项目需要的结果是持续的",
            "B": " 不适合要建造的产品",
            "C": " 认为项目团队将比本项目要长寿",
            "D": " 不适合， 因为这个项目不是在短期内就可以完成的"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "229.参考答案：B知识要点：项目的过程是临时的，但项目所创造的产品、服务或成果一般不具有临时性。所以项目的临时性不适合要建造的产品"
    },
    {
        "id": "230",
        "question": "230.The project manager suspects that one team member strongly influenced other team members during a risk identification meeting, What information gathering method is preferred to avoid undue influence?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Delphi technique",
            "B": " Brainstorming",
            "C": " SEOT analysis",
            "D": " Interviewing"
        },
        "traQue": "在风险识别会上，项目经理怀疑一名团队成员严重影响到其它团队成员。若要避免不适当的影响，应首选哪一种信息收集方法？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 德尔菲法",
            "B": " 头脑风暴",
            "C": " SWOT分析",
            "D": " 访谈"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "230.答案：A。规划过程组项目风险管理识别风险工具与技术之信息收集技术：德尔菲技术，防止任何个人对结果产生不恰当影响。"
    },
    {
        "id": "231",
        "question": "231. An important task of project managers is to identify the relevant goals of each project.An approach that can help managers set up and achieve those goals is management by objectives（MBO) MBO specifically addresses all the following EXCEPT＿＿.",
        "options": {
            "A": "establishing unambiguous and realistic objectives.",
            "B": "periodically evaluating whether project objectives have been achieveD",
            "C": "promoting participation，team building，and commitment to the project.",
            "D": "analyzing and reducing risk and determining how to handle it when it occurs."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理的一个重要的任务是确认每个项目的相关目标。可能帮助管理者建立并达到那些目标的方式是目标管理。下面＿＿不属于目标管理强调的内容。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "建立明确的和现实的目标。",
            "B": "阶段性评估项目目标是否达到。",
            "C": "提高对于项目的参与合作，团队建设和对于项目的承诺。",
            "D": "分析并减少风险，当风险发生时决定如何解决。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "231.答案：D。目标管理强调减少风险以实现项目目标（风险管理属过程管理）。"
    },
    {
        "id": "232",
        "question": "232. John is the person responsible for accomplishing the project objectives. John cannot, however, work on weekends. John is ____.",
        "options": {
            "A": " A sponsor with constraints.",
            "B": " The project manager.",
            "C": " A part time resource.",
            "D": " UnmotivateD"
        },
        "traQue": "@232.John是负责实现项目目标的人员。然而，他不能够在周末加班。John是 ____.",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 受制约的发起人",
            "B": " 项目经理",
            "C": " 兼职人员",
            "D": " 无合理动机的人"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "232.参考答案：B知识要点：项目经理是负责实现项目目标的个人"
    },
    {
        "id": "233",
        "question": "233. What is the purpose of the contingency money in a cost estimate?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Provides money to cover uncertainties in the estimate within the defined \n scope and schedule. ",
            "B": "Money to cover changes in scope. ",
            "C": "Money to cover unforeseen natural disasters. ",
            "D": "A and C"
        },
        "traQue": "在估算成本时，意外事件资金的用途是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在定义的范围和进度内提供资金以弥补意外。",
            "B": "用来弥补范围内变更的资金。",
            "C": "用来弥补不可预见自然灾害的资金。",
            "D": "A和C。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "233.答案：D。见《PMBOK指南》第五版7.2.2.6。"
    },
    {
        "id": "234",
        "question": "234.You were in the middle of a two-year project to deploy new technology to field offices across the country. A hurricane caused power outages just when the upgrade was near completion. When the power was restored, all of the project reports and historical data were lost with no way of retrieving them. What should have been done to mitigate this risk? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Purchase insurance. ",
            "B": " Plan for a reserve funD",
            "C": " Monitor the weather and have a contingency plan. ",
            "D": " Schedule the installation outside of the hurricane season."
        },
        "traQue": "你负责一两年期的项目，该项目已经进行了一半，要在全国的外地办事处部署新技术。升级马上要完成时，一飓风造成了停电。当电力恢复时，所有的项目报告和历史数据都丢失了，没有办法找回。应该怎么做以减轻该风险？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "买保险",
            "B": "计划储备基金",
            "C": "监测气象，建立应急计划",
            "D": "在飓风期外安排安装工作"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "234.答案：C。风险是由停电引起的丢失数据，选项A不能解决这个问题，它转移风险。储备金基金（选项B）可以接受，并且会在停电之后帮助解决成本因素，但是不能降低它的概率或影响。通过在其它时间安排安装避免飓风（选项D）减轻停电风险但是对项目进度会有显著的负面影响，所以也不对。选项C和D中更好的一个是监控天气，知道何时实施应急计划。这是一个两年的项目也是有关系的，如果项目更短，选项D就会更好。"
    },
    {
        "id": "235",
        "question": "235.What information needs to be collected when” is part of which of the following?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Formal reporting.",
            "B": "Plan communications management.",
            "C": "Stakeholder management.",
            "D": "Earned value."
        },
        "traQue": "@235.何时需要收集哪些信息”是以下哪项内容的一部分？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "正式报告。",
            "B": "规划沟通管理。",
            "C": "干系人管理。",
            "D": "挣值。"
        },
        "analysis": "235.解析：1.规划沟通管理（B）需要处理“何时以及需要收集哪些信息”；2.正式报告（A）处理的是传递信息而不是收集信息，干系人管理（C）在完成收集信息后进行，而挣值（D）与收集信息无关，所以选项A、C、D错。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "236",
        "question": "236.Which of the following tools is used to identify the causes that create the greatest number of defects?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Fishbone diagram",
            "B": " Scatter diagram",
            "C": " Run chart",
            "D": " Pareto chart"
        },
        "traQue": "@236.下列哪一项工具可以用来确定产生最大数量缺陷的原因？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 鱼骨图",
            "B": " 散点图",
            "C": " 趋势图",
            "D": " 帕累托图"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "236.答案：D。见PMBOK2012中8.3.2.1。"
    },
    {
        "id": "237",
        "question": "237.What would one expect to occur when a functional organizational structure is used in a multiple project environment?",
        "options": {
            "A": "One individual will be directly responsible for each project.",
            "B": "Project members will place more emphasis on their functional specialty than on the objectives of the project.",
            "C": "The response to customer needs is slow.",
            "D": "Both B and C"
        },
        "traQue": "在多项目的环境下采用职能型组织结构时，一般将发生什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "一个人直接负责一个项目。",
            "B": "项目成员将更强调他们的职能专业，而不是项目目标。",
            "C": "对客户需求的反应比较慢。",
            "D": "B和C。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "237.答案：D。职能型组织的成员对于项目目标的承诺较低，且对客户需求反应较慢，而对于矩阵型组织或者项目型组织来说，其对项目目标显然更有责任感。"
    },
    {
        "id": "238",
        "question": "238. A project has several teams. Team C has repeatedly missed several deadlines in the past. This has caused Tenm D to have to crash the critical path several times. As the project leader for Team D,you should meet with the _______. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "manager over Team D",
            "B": "project manager alone",
            "C": "project manager and management",
            "D": "project manager and the team C leader"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目由几个团队组成。团队C在过去曾多次在最后期限前没有完成任务。这导致团队D好几次不得不对关键路径赶工。作为团队D的项目领导，你应该会见________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "团队D的上级领导",
            "B": "项目经理",
            "C": "项目经理和管理层",
            "D": "项目经理和团队C的领导"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "238.答案：D。应该从PMI的观点来解决这个问题。项目经理是肯定要会见的，因为它正影响着整个项目，而团队D的领导也应该会见，以便面对面地沟通，实际解决问题。"
    },
    {
        "id": "239",
        "question": "239. The project plan is used to do all of the following EXCEPT＿＿. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "document project planning assumption. ",
            "B": "define the content of management reviews. ",
            "C": "identify risks that arise during project execution. ",
            "D": "provide a baseline for progress measurement and project control. "
        },
        "traQue": "项目计划用来做以下各项，除了＿＿。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "文档化项目规划假定。",
            "B": "定义管理评审的内容。",
            "C": "识别在项目执行期间出现的风险。",
            "D": "提供一个进展测量和项目控制的基准。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "239.答案：C。项目执行期间发生的风险无法在计划阶段识别。"
    },
    {
        "id": "240",
        "question": "240. Which of the following is needed to develop a project schedule?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Lessons learneD",
            "B": "Network diagram.",
            "C": "Scope verification",
            "D": "Project schedule change control."
        },
        "traQue": "制定项目进度计划需要下述哪些内容？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "经验教训",
            "B": "网络图",
            "C": "范围核实 ",
            "D": "项目进度变更控制"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "240.参考答案：B。制定项目进度过程的输入，项目进度网络图。"
    },
    {
        "id": "241",
        "question": "241. The resource histogram shows _________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "responsibility assignment",
            "B": "required resource usage by work package",
            "C": "expected resource usage by time period",
            "D": "resource breakdown structure"
        },
        "traQue": "资源直方图显示了________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "职责分配状况",
            "B": "工作包所需要的资源使用情况",
            "C": "从时间角度看所期望的资源使用情况",
            "D": "资源分解结构"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "241.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版图9-6资源直方图是考虑了时间因素的资源利用图。"
    },
    {
        "id": "242",
        "question": "242.Three people are responsible for establishing cost of quality theories. Crosby and Juran are two them, and their theories respectively are:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Grades of quality, fitness for use ",
            "B": " Fitness for use, zero defects",
            "C": " Zero defects, fitness for use ",
            "D": " Cost of quality, zero defects"
        },
        "traQue": "有三个人分别各自建立了质量成本理论。Crosby和Juran是其中两位。他们的理论分别是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "质量等级理论，适用性理论",
            "B": "适用性理论，零缺陷理论",
            "C": "零缺陷理论，适用性理论",
            "D": "质量成本理论，零缺陷理论"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "242.参考答案：C。"
    },
    {
        "id": "243",
        "question": "243.Accurate and unbiased data are essential for qualitative risk analysis. Which of the following technology involves examining the extent of understanding of project risk?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Risk data quality assessment.",
            "B": "Risk probability and impact assessment.",
            "C": "Sensitivity analysis.",
            "D": "Influence diagram."
        },
        "traQue": "准确和无偏颇的数据是实施定性风险分析的基本要求。以下哪一项工具/技术用于检查人们对风险的理解程度？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险数据质量评估。",
            "B": "风险概率与影响评估。",
            "C": "敏感性分析。",
            "D": "影响图。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "243.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.3.2.3风险数据质量评估。“风险数据质量分析就是评估有关风险的数据对风险管理的有用程度的一种技术。它考察人们对风险的理解程度，以及考察风险数据的准确性、质量、可靠性和完整性。”"
    },
    {
        "id": "244",
        "question": "244. You are a project manager for a manufacturer of children’s toys. Your project team is in the process of designing a new children’s toy for next year’s Christmas season. Your team meets and learns about the opportunity, agrees on goals and on the resources necessary to tackle the task. Although your team is highly motivated, they are relatively uniformed of the issues and objectives of the project. Which of the following stages of Develop Project Team best describes your team? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Forming. ",
            "B": " Storming. ",
            "C": " Norming. ",
            "D": " Performing."
        },
        "traQue": "你是一家儿童玩具制造公司的项目经理。你的团队正在为明年圣诞节设计新款儿童玩具。你的团队了解了机会，统一了目标和资源来处理这个任务。尽管团队很有热情，关于项目的具体目标和各种问题还缺少了解。你的团队处于团队发展过程的那一个阶段？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 形成。 ",
            "B": " 风暴。 ",
            "C": " 规范。 ",
            "D": " 执行。"
        },
        "analysis": "244.解析：根据题干提供的信息，团队成员相互认识，并了解项目情况以及他们在项目中的正式角色与职责。但团队成员缺乏对具体目标和各种问题的统一认识和了解，团队成员倾向于相互独立。因此应是团队形成阶段。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "245",
        "question": "245. Your manager gives you a project charter and asks you to begin working immediately and to provide her with a schedule. What should you do FIRST?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Begin estimating the activities necessary to complete the scope of work.",
            "B": " Begin creating a project scope statement",
            "C": " Create an activity list and then begin to assign the activities to resources.",
            "D": " Identify a team and obtain approval for their participation from their functional managers."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理给了你项目章程后要求你立即开始工作，并要求提供给他进度计划。此时，你首先应该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 估算活动以确定工作范围。",
            "B": " 开始制定项目范围说明书。",
            "C": " 开始制定活动清单，然后给活动分配资源。",
            "D": " 确定团队成员，并从职能经理那里获得批准。"
        },
        "analysis": "245.解析：在制定进度计划之前，必须先完成范围说明书和其他活动规划。规划过程的第一步就是指定项目范围说明书。故选项A、C和D开始之前必须先完成选项B所指的项目范围说明书的制定。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "246",
        "question": "246.You are managing a project in a just in time environment. This will require more attention, because the amount of invent in such an environment is generally:",
        "options": {
            "A": " 45%",
            "B": " 10%",
            "C": " 12%",
            "D": " 0%"
        },
        "traQue": "你作为一个项目经理，项目在“零库存”的环境中动作。需要特别小心，因为“零库存”的环境要求库存应该保持在：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 45%",
            "B": " 10%",
            "C": " 12%",
            "D": " 0%"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "246.参考答案：D。零库存是指仓库没有库存。"
    },
    {
        "id": "247",
        "question": "247.During activity definition, a team member identifies an activity that needs to be \n accomplished. However, another team member believes that the activity is not part of the \n project as interpreted by the project charter. What should the project manager do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Talk with the project sponsor",
            "B": " Make the decision by herself about whether to include it or not.",
            "C": " Talk to the end user.",
            "D": " Try to build a consensus of the team"
        },
        "traQue": "在活动定义期间，一名团队成员确定了一项需要完成的任务。但是，另外一名团队成员认为按照项目章程理解，该活动不是项目的组成部分。项目经理应该如何做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 与项目发起人商谈",
            "B": " 自己决定该活动是否包括在内",
            "C": " 与最终客户进行商谈",
            "D": " 试图在团队成员之间达成共识"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "247.参考答案：A。根据章程理解有疑问，应该去询问发起人"
    },
    {
        "id": "248",
        "question": "248.Constant bickering, absenteeism, and substandard performance have characterized the behavior of certain members of your team. You have planned a gathering in the local mountains for the teem to engage in a variety of activities, including aromatherapy, wine tasting, meditation, and soaking in sulfur springs hot tubs. Other more strenuous activities, such as croquet and lawn bowling, are also planneD: Your primary objective for investing time and money in this event is to improve",
        "options": {
            "A": " Team performance",
            "B": " Morale",
            "C": " Quality",
            "D": " Individual performance"
        },
        "traQue": "你的某些小组成员不断出现吵架、缺席和工作表现不佳的情况。你已经安排了一次在当地山区进行的团体活动，包括芳香疗法、品尝美酒、温泉浴等等。其它更有趣的活动包括弹球游戏和草地保龄球。你组织这些活动的主要目的是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "改善小组工作业绩",
            "B": "提高士气",
            "C": "提高质量",
            "D": "提高个人绩效"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "248.答案：A。出处：PMBOK2012中9.3.2.3建设项目团队-工具与技术-3.团队建设活动。"
    },
    {
        "id": "249",
        "question": "249. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate thing to do during the initiating process group?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Create a detailed description of the project deliverables.",
            "B": " Get familiar with the company culture and structure as it relates to the project.",
            "C": " Identify the root cause of problems.",
            "D": " Ensure all project management processes are complete."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项应该在启动过程组中被完成？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 对项目可交付成果进行详细描述。",
            "B": " 熟悉公司的文化，了解和项目相关的组织架构。",
            "C": " 识别问题的根本原因。",
            "D": " 确保完成了所有的项目管理过程。"
        },
        "analysis": "249.解析：A．对项目可交付成果进行详细描述：制定范围说明书，发生在规划过程组。C．识别问题的根本原因：识别问题的原因一定在发现问题以后，因此应该在监控过程组。D．确保完成了所有的项目管理过程：已经完成项目管理过程，在收尾过程组。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "250",
        "question": "250. While planning the project, you discover that an expert resource might be available to work on your project. However, the resource manager will not commit to the resource being on your team at the present time. The BEST thing to do would be to estimate the task: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " As if the expert resource were available.",
            "B": " As though you had an average resource doing the task.",
            "C": " As if you had an inexperienced resource.",
            "D": " Using the Delphi methoD"
        },
        "traQue": "在编制项目计划的时候，你发现有一个专家资源利用到你的项目中，但是，资源经理当时却不能承诺把它分配到你的项目团队中，你估算这个任务时应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 按照专家能够利用来估算",
            "B": " 按照正常的资源水平来完成任务",
            "C": " 按照不熟练资源水平完成任务",
            "D": " 使用德尔菲法"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "250.参考答案：B。专家资源不确定是否能到项目中，那就按照普通资源来估算，即正常的资源水平"
    },
    {
        "id": "251",
        "question": "251. The project team should have knowledge of statistical process control to help conduct quality control activities. Of all the topics involved，which of the following is the most important for the team to understand？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Sampling and probability",
            "B": "Attribute sampling and variable sampling",
            "C": "Tolerances and control limits",
            "D": "Special causes and random causes"
        },
        "traQue": "项目团队应该了解如何利用统计知识进行质量控制。在下面所涉及的议题中，哪一个是项目团队最需要知道的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "抽样和概率",
            "B": "属性抽样和变量抽样",
            "C": "公差和控制限度",
            "D": "具体原因和随机原因"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "251.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.3。项目团队应该具备关于质量控制的实用的统计知识，尤其是关于抽样和概率的知识，以便评估质量控制的成果。"
    },
    {
        "id": "252",
        "question": "252. You are evaluating vendor proposals and using selection criteria in order to choose a vendor. One of the criteria states that resources are required to have civil engineering degrees and a minimum of three years of experience. Which of the following tools and techniques does this question refer to：",
        "options": {
            "A": " Weighting systems.",
            "B": " Procurement negotiation.",
            "C": " Independent estimate.",
            "D": " Screening systems."
        },
        "traQue": "你在选择某种评估标准来评估供应商建议书，其中有一条标准是要求供应商的资源要有民用建筑工程学位，以及至少三年以上经验。这一评估技术是:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 加权系统。",
            "B": " 采购谈判。",
            "C": " 独立估算。",
            "D": " 筛选系统。"
        },
        "analysis": "252.解析：1、题目考察评估供应商建议书，属于采购管理知识领域中，实施采购过程；四个选项均为实施采购的工具，考察对工具的理解；2、A：题干没有提及权重；B：谈判为买方卖方取得一致意见的过程，题干没有提及；C：估算制定成本标杆，题干中没有提及；D:筛选系统是最低标准，与题干的描述相符；3、此题的要求需要理解为门槛和最低要求，具体数字无意义，对答题没有帮助。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "253",
        "question": "253. Which statement is true of quality planning？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Quality planning should be performed regularly throughout the project.",
            "B": "Quality planning is done to compile a risk management plan.",
            "C": "Quality planning is done only during project planning.",
            "D": "Quality planning is not considered during project execution."
        },
        "traQue": "下列有关规划质量的描述中，哪一项是正确的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在整个项目期间，应该定期进行规划质量工作。",
            "B": "进行规划质量，用以编制风险管理计划。",
            "C": "仅在项目计划过程中，进行规划质量。",
            "D": "在项目执行过程中，不考虑规划质量。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "253.答案：A。参见本章10.2节。在整个项目期间，规划质量需要定期进行。"
    },
    {
        "id": "254",
        "question": "254. You have just been assigned as project manager for a large telecommunications project.This one-year project is about halfway done. The project team consists of 5 sellers and 20 of your company’s employees. You want to understand who is responsible for doing what on the project. Where would you find such information？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Responsibility assignment matrix",
            "B": "Resource histogram",
            "C": "Bar chart",
            "D": "Project organization chart"
        },
        "traQue": "你刚刚被任命为一个大型远程通信项目的项目经理。这个为期一年的项目大概完成了一半。这个项目团队由5名销售人员和20名你们公司的员工构成。你想了解谁在这个项目中负责什么工作。你会去哪儿寻找此种信息？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "责任分配矩阵",
            "B": "资源直方图",
            "C": "横道图",
            "D": "项目组织图"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "254.答案：A。资源直方图显示了在每个时间段使用的资源数量。在它的纯表格中，横道图只显示了活动和日历日期。组织（结构）图显示了谁向谁报告。责任分配矩阵显示了谁要做什么工作。"
    },
    {
        "id": "255",
        "question": "255. How does risk affect a project?",
        "options": {
            "A": "It is an uncertain event that if it occurs has a positive or negative effect on at least one project objective.",
            "B": "It is a certain event that will have a negative effect on the project.",
            "C": "It can cause a change in the number of resources for the project, but not the cost.",
            "D": "It can cause a change in the project schedule, but not the project scope."
        },
        "traQue": "风险是如何影响项目的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险是不确定的事件，风险一旦发生，至少会对一个项目目标发生积极或消极的影响。",
            "B": "风险是确定的事件，必将对项目产生消极影响。",
            "C": "风险会对项目资源数量产生影响，但不会影响成本。",
            "D": "风险会改变项目进度，但不会影响项目范围。"
        },
        "analysis": "255.解析：1.PMBOK中的风险可以是好事，可以理解成（传统意义上的风险+机会），另外风险是不确定的，综上所述，排除B。2.分析常见的风险---火灾：如果发生了火灾，其必然影响成本，所以排除C，而火灾造成了额外的清理和修复工作就形成了附加的项目范围，所以排除D。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "256",
        "question": "256.Analogous estimating:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Uses bottom-up estimating techniques.",
            "B": " Uses the actual cost of previous, similar projects as the basis for estimating the cost of the current project.",
            "C": " Is used most frequently in the later stages of a project.",
            "D": " Summarizes estimates for individual work items."
        },
        "traQue": "@256.类比估算：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 使用自底向上估算技术",
            "B": " 使用以前相似项目的实际成本做基础估算当前项目的成本",
            "C": " 经常用于项目的较晚的阶段",
            "D": " 将单独的工作条目估算进行累加"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "256.参考答案：B。类比估算的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "257",
        "question": "257.What is the main purpose of the procurement audit?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Validate that costs charged to the contract are valid and correct.",
            "B": "Loosely review the project.",
            "C": "Identify the successes to transfer to other procurements.",
            "D": "Acknowledge substantial completion."
        },
        "traQue": "采购审计的主要目的是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "验证所支付的费用是否恰当有效。",
            "B": "随便地评估一下项目。",
            "C": "识别成功的经验，以供后续采购活动借鉴。",
            "D": "确认完工。"
        },
        "analysis": "257.解析：1.根据12.4.2.1“审计采购”知识点可知选项C并不完整，不能包含采购审计的全部目的，但题目中问的是采购审计的主要目的，因此最接近正确答案；2.选项A、B、D都不是采购审计的工作内容。答案C",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "258",
        "question": "258. Which project scheduling method takes limited resources into account when creating a project schedule and includes buffers to protect the project completion date?",
        "options": {
            "A": "CPM.",
            "B": "PERT.",
            "C": "Critical chain scheduling.",
            "D": "Resource-driven scheduling."
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪一种进度编制技术考虑到了有限的资源并在进度计划中加入缓冲来保证项目的完工日期?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "关键路径法。",
            "B": "PERT。",
            "C": "关键链法。",
            "D": "资源驱动进度法。"
        },
        "analysis": "258.解析：1.根据6.6.2.3知识点可知关键链法（C）就是题干中描述的进度编制技术。2.关键路径法（A）不考虑资源有限性也没有加入缓冲；PERT（B）不是制定进度计划过程的工具；PMBOK中没有提及资源驱动进度法（D）。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "259",
        "question": "259.Who participates in the change control board?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project manager",
            "B": " Functional managers",
            "C": " Stakeholders",
            "D": " Project manager and functional managers"
        },
        "traQue": "下列选项中,谁将参与变更控制委员会?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理",
            "B": " 职能经理",
            "C": " 项目干系人",
            "D": " 项目经理和职能经理"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "259.答案：C。PMBOK2012中术语表变更控制委员会ChangeControlBoard(CCB)：一个正式组成的团体，负责审议、评价、批准、推迟或否决项目变更，以及记录和传达变更处理决定。"
    },
    {
        "id": "260",
        "question": "260.\"I cannot test the software until I code the software.\" This expression describes which of the following dependencies?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Discretionary ",
            "B": " Soft ",
            "C": " Preferential ",
            "D": " Mandatory or hard "
        },
        "traQue": "在编码完成之前，我不可能测试软件。这种观点代表了下列哪种依赖关系?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "灵活性的依赖关系",
            "B": "软逻辑关系",
            "C": "优先逻辑",
            "D": "强制性依赖关系或硬逻辑关系"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "260.参考答案：D。硬逻辑关系的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "261",
        "question": "261. Your boss is worried about the project schedule. There is a critical deliverable due to the federal government in two weeks. If you miss the deliverable, you could lose the entire contract. To help reduce the boss’s stress you show him the earned valued calculations you just completeD: They show your cost performance index (CPI. is 1.25, your actual cost (AC: is US$400 million, and your planned value (PV. is US$490million. Should your boss be comfortable?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Yes, your SV is $10million.",
            "B": " No, your CPI is too high.",
            "C": " He needs more datA",
            "D": " Yes, your SPI is 1.05."
        },
        "traQue": "你老板正担心项目的进度，因为涉及两周内完成一个关于联邦政府的关键可交付物。如果到期交付不了，那么将会失去整个合同。为了不让你的老板担心，你给他计算了挣值。CPI是1.25，AC是400,000,000美元，PV是490,000,000美元。你老板对项目会放心吗？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 是的。因为SV是10,000,000美元。",
            "B": " 不会。因为CPI太高了。",
            "C": " 他还需要更多的数据。",
            "D": " 是的。因为SPI是1.05。"
        },
        "analysis": "261.解析：1、尽管SV是10,000,000美金，但并不意味着项目活动按照进度进行。项目经理应该知道影响关键可交付成果的活动是否一切在按照进度计划执行。EVM是计算项目的发展趋势的，你还需要更多的详细信息。2、选项B不正确，因为不能通过CPI确定项目进度问题。3、选项D错误，因为SPI是1.02，而不是1.05。从题干可以计算SPI和CPI，项目进度和成本都在控制范围之内。但是从SPI看，进度并未提前很多，依然非常吃紧。而且考虑未来的风险，如果我们是老板，我们也依然不会放心。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "262",
        "question": "262. You have been assigned as the project manager on a new project. The organization uses a strong matrix structure. You need to purchase computers to do the project. This is an example of:A: limited cost.",
        "options": {
            "A": " limited costs.",
            "B": " diminishing cost.",
            "C": " fixed cost.",
            "D": " indirect cost."
        },
        "traQue": "你被分配为一个新项目的项目经理，这个组织使用的是强矩阵结构，你需要采购电脑用在此项目。这是一个什么成本的例子？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 有限成本",
            "B": " 逐渐缩小的成本",
            "C": " 固定成本",
            "D": " 非直接成本"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "262.参考答案：C。电脑就是固定成本，与组织结构无关"
    },
    {
        "id": "263",
        "question": "263. Due to lack of employee training and proper production controls， defects in a production run caused rework which cost the company $250000. How much of this cost is directly attributable to the employees on the production line?",
        "options": {
            "A": "$75000",
            "B": "$37500",
            "C": "$212500",
            "D": "$14500"
        },
        "traQue": "由于缺少职员培训和适当生产控制，在生产中出现了次品，因此导致了价值$250000的返工。有多少是直接和生产线的员工相关的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "$75000",
            "B": "$37500",
            "C": "$212500",
            "D": "$14500"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "263.答案：B。参见本章质量责任表，管理层对85%的质量费用负直接责任，因此生产线的员工最多负l5%的责任。"
    },
    {
        "id": "264",
        "question": "264. A control chart shows that the last eight pipes produced were all less than average weight. You need to inform management that there is a problem because the situation violates the: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Rule of seven. ",
            "B": " Rule of eight. ",
            "C": " 50/50 rule. ",
            "D": " 3 sigma rule. "
        },
        "traQue": "控制图显示，8个点位于均值的同一侧。你应该通知管理层上述问题，因为它违反了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 7点规则。",
            "B": " 8点规则。",
            "C": " 50/50规则。",
            "D": " 3西格玛规则。"
        },
        "analysis": "264.解析：本题中根据题干中“8个点位于均值的同一侧”就应该判断出这是考控制图的概念。其中8个点是干扰项目。现将8.1.2.3.B.8点规则：没有这个说法。C.50·50规则：用于挣值计算。D.3西格玛规则：没有这个说法。6西格玛是质量管理方法。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "265",
        "question": "265. Your customer asked you to perform some additional tasks that are not included in the formal contract.You should:",
        "options": {
            "A": " acknowledge the request and advise the customer to submit a formal change request",
            "B": " accept the request as sign of future business chance",
            "C": " rufuse the request and report to the project sponsor",
            "D": " convenne a meeting of the project team and rewrite the project scope statemen"
        },
        "traQue": "客户要求你实施一个正式合同不包括的任务，你应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 了解这个请求，并建议客户提交一个正式的变更请求",
            "B": " 作为将来业务机会的迹象，接受客户请求",
            "C": " 否决请求并向项目发起人汇报",
            "D": " 召集项目团队会议并重写项目范围说明书"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "265.参考答案：A。变更需要遵循变更管理流程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "266",
        "question": "266. Which of the following does NOT need to be done if there is a major delay on a noncritical path activity?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Investigate the delay.",
            "B": " Reevaluate which path is critical.",
            "C": " Change the project schedule.",
            "D": " Review the float time for the activity."
        },
        "traQue": "非关键路径上的活动存在重大延期时，不一定需要做以下哪项工作：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "研究延期的原因。",
            "B": "重新评估关键路径。",
            "C": "更改进度计划。",
            "D": "评审活动的浮动时间。"
        },
        "analysis": "266.解析：1.非关键路径上的某个活动发生较长时间的延误，可能并不会对整体项目进度产生影响，所以并不一定要更改进度计划（C）。2.研究延期的原因（A），评审活动的剩余浮动时间（D），重新评估关键路径（B）都是偏差产生时必须做的工作。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "267",
        "question": "267.Five tasks are scheduled to be completed in sequence. Each task has a finish-start relationship with the next task. Each has one day of total float. As of today, task-1 and ask-2 have been completed on schedule. How many days of float remain in the schedule for these tasks?",
        "options": {
            "A": " One ",
            "B": " Two ",
            "C": " Three",
            "D": " Zero "
        },
        "traQue": "五项任务按照顺序排列着。每一个任务与另一个任务都是结束-开始的关系。每一个任务只有一天的总时差。到了今天，任务1和任务2按进度完成了。按照进度，剩余任务的时差是多少天？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 一天",
            "B": " 二天",
            "C": " 三天 ",
            "D": " 0天"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "267.参考答案：A。每个任务有一天的时差，任务1和任务2按进度完成，说明没有动用时差，后续任务的时差还是1天。"
    },
    {
        "id": "268",
        "question": "268.System analysis/engineering, value engineering, value analysis and functional analysis are all examples of?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Alternatives identification.",
            "B": "Expert judgment.",
            "C": "Product analysis.",
            "D": "Verify Scope."
        },
        "traQue": "系统分析/系统工程、价值工程/价值分析和功能分析属于什么的例子?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "备选方案识别。",
            "B": "专家判断。",
            "C": "产品分析。",
            "D": "核实范围。"
        },
        "analysis": "268.解析：根据5.3.2.2知识点可知选项C正确。选项A、B、D与题干无关。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "269",
        "question": "269.Project schedule was compresseD:Following are potential problem except-",
        "options": {
            "A": "Increased scope",
            "B": "Increased cost",
            "C": "Increased risk",
            "D": "Decreased quality "
        },
        "traQue": "压缩项目进度，会产生下列潜在的问题，但（ .除外",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "范围增加",
            "B": "成本增加",
            "C": "风险增加",
            "D": "降低质量"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "269.参考答案：A。进度压缩的前提是不缩减项目范围。"
    },
    {
        "id": "270",
        "question": "270.The project manager has worked closely with the team to come up with contingency plans. Which of the following BEST describes contingency plans?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Planned responses to risk events.",
            "B": "Planned risk control procedures.",
            "C": "Planned workarounD",
            "D": "Planned responses based on probability analysis."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理和团队一起在制定应急计划。以下关于应急计划的描述正确的是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "应对风险事件的计划。",
            "B": "计划的控制风险程序。",
            "C": "计划的权变措施。",
            "D": "在概率分析基础之上制定的应对计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "270.解析：1.11.5.2.3应急应对策略中有对应急计划的说明，选项A正确；2.选项B和C是和应急计划完全不同的概念，因此选项B和C错；3.应急计划不一定是在概率分析的基础上制定的，所以D错。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "271",
        "question": "271. What does a project manager use to indicate when resources should be allocated to tasks?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Resource Gantt chart",
            "B": "Resource histogram",
            "C": "Responsibility matrix",
            "D": "Pareto chart"
        },
        "traQue": "什么是项目经理用来简要说明资源何时应被分配给任务的工具？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "资源甘特图",
            "B": "资源直方图",
            "C": "责任矩阵",
            "D": "帕累托图"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "271.答案：A。资源直方图显示了从时间角度看所期望的资源使用情况，责任矩阵没有考虑时间因素，帕累托图显然是不对的。资源甘特图显示的是资源在不同时间分配任务的情况。"
    },
    {
        "id": "272",
        "question": "272. A prerequisite of effective time management is___. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "knowing the dictated project completion date",
            "B": "having the most advanced software package for project planning，scheduling，and control",
            "C": "having a good project WBS which identifies the major project deliverables and tasks，and the person responsible for each of them",
            "D": "having a well staffed scheduling department"
        },
        "traQue": "有效时间管理的先决条件是___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "了解口述的项目完工日期。",
            "B": "拥有最先进的，用于项目规划、进度计划和控制的软件工具",
            "C": "拥有一个良好的WBS来指明主要的项目可交付成果，任务和责任人",
            "D": "拥有一个良好的进度规划团队"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "272.答案：C。WBS是范围基线的一部分，范围基线是定义活动的重要输入，因此也是时间管理的前提条件。"
    },
    {
        "id": "273",
        "question": "273. A project plan is＿＿. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "a formal，approved document used to guide both project execution and project control. ",
            "B": "a document issued by senior management that provides the product manager with the authority to apply organization resources of the company. ",
            "C": "a document description the organizational breakdown structure of the company. ",
            "D": "a narrative description of products or services to be supplieD"
        },
        "traQue": "项目计划是＿＿。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "一个正式的、经过批准的文件，用来指导项目的执行和控制。",
            "B": "由高层管理下达的一分授权项目经理在项目活动中使用组织资源的文件。",
            "C": "一分描绘公司组织分解结构的文件。",
            "D": "要提供的产品或服务的叙述性描述。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "273.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版4.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "274",
        "question": "274. What conflict resolution technique is a project manager using when he says，“I cannot deal with this issue now！”",
        "options": {
            "A": "Problem solving",
            "B": "Forcing",
            "C": "Withdrawal",
            "D": "Compromising"
        },
        "traQue": "当项目经理说“我现在没法解决这个问题”时，他在使用哪种冲突解决技巧：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "解决问题",
            "B": "强制",
            "C": "撤退",
            "D": "妥协"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "274.答案：C。延迟解决问题称作撤退。"
    },
    {
        "id": "275",
        "question": "275. The benefits of a control quality program include_________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "reduced short term costs",
            "B": "increased long term costs",
            "C": "able to make acceptance decisions",
            "D": "a loss in competitiveness"
        },
        "traQue": "控制质量系统的好处包括_________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "减少短期费用",
            "B": "增加长期费用",
            "C": "可以进行验收决策",
            "D": "失去竞争力"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "275.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.3。控制质量系统可以帮助确认可交付成果的正确性，从而帮助做出验收通过与否的决定。"
    },
    {
        "id": "276",
        "question": "276.Which of the following BEST alerts the project team to those issues that may cause future problems to the project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Work performance reports",
            "B": " Work breakdown structure (WBS.",
            "C": " Quality management plan",
            "D": " Risk variance reports"
        },
        "traQue": "对于未来可能给项目带来问题的一些事件，下列哪一项最能引起项目团队的警惕?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 工作绩效信息",
            "B": " 工作分解结构(WBS.",
            "C": " 质量管理计划",
            "D": " 风险偏差报告"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "276.答案：A。工作绩效信息是对收集到的绩效数据的组织和总结。这些绩效数据通常根据干系人所要求的详细程度展示项目状况和进展信息。出处10.3.3.1"
    },
    {
        "id": "277",
        "question": "277.A project may have",
        "options": {
            "A": " No critical paths",
            "B": " Multiple critical paths ",
            "C": " One critical path",
            "D": " One or multiple critical paths"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目可能:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 没有关键路径",
            "B": " 有多条关键路径",
            "C": " 有一条关键路径",
            "D": " 一条或多条关键路径"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "277.参考答案：D。"
    },
    {
        "id": "278",
        "question": "278. Deliverables are : ",
        "options": {
            "A": " The purpose for undertaking the project ",
            "B": " Any unique and verifiable product,result,or capability to perform a service that must be produced to complete a process,phase,or project.",
            "C": " The specifications regarding the goals of the project that must be produced to consider the project complete ",
            "D": " The measurable outcomes of the project goals "
        },
        "traQue": "可交付成果是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "做项目的目的",
            "B": "在某一过程、阶段或项目完成时，必须产出的任何独特并可核实的产品、成果或服务",
            "C": "项目完成时必须产出的复合项目目标的规范",
            "D": "项目目标的可测量结果"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "278.参考答案：B知识要点：可交付成果的特点"
    },
    {
        "id": "279",
        "question": "279. Planned Duration = 12 months, ACWP = $10,000, BCWP = $14,000, BCWS = $17,500, BAC = $28,000. Based on the above data, if we are now at the end of month 6, then the remaining time needed to complete the project is: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 6 months",
            "B": " 8 months",
            "C": " 9 months",
            "D": " 4 months"
        },
        "traQue": "计划历时=12个月，ACWP = $10,000，BCWP = $14,000，BCWS = $17,500, BAC = $28,000根据上述数据，现在是第六个月的结束，完成项目所需的剩余的时间是多少？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 6个月",
            "B": " 8个月",
            "C": " 9个月 ",
            "D": " 4个月"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "279.参考答案：C。SPI=EV/PV=14000/17500=0.8，最新完工时间=原计划完工时间/SPI=12/0.8=15个月。已经完成6个月，还需要15-6=9个月。"
    },
    {
        "id": "280",
        "question": "280. The cumulative CPI has been shown to be relatively stable after what percentage of project completion?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 5% to 10%",
            "B": " 15% to 20% ",
            "C": " 25% to 35%",
            "D": " 50% to 75%"
        },
        "traQue": "在完成项目工作多少个百分比后，累计成本绩效指数相对稳定？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 5% to 10%",
            "B": " 15% to 20% ",
            "C": " 25% to 35%",
            "D": " 50% to 75%"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "280.参考答案：B。这只是一个经验值"
    },
    {
        "id": "281",
        "question": "281.A project team faces both positive and negative risks. Which strategy should be used to deal with both types of risks?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Transfer",
            "B": "Accept",
            "C": "Share",
            "D": "Mitigate"
        },
        "traQue": "项目团队可能面对积极和消极风险。下列哪种策略可被用来处理这二种风险类型？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "转移",
            "B": "接受",
            "C": "分享",
            "D": "减轻"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "281.答案：B。积极的风险应对策略和消极的风险应对策略中同时包括接受策略，所以选B。参见PMBOK2012中11.5.2.1和11.5.2.2。考点：风险应对策略。"
    },
    {
        "id": "282",
        "question": "282.A project manager has completed a detailed WBS and cost estimates for each work package to create a cost baseline from this data, the project manager would:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Use the highest level of the WBS to estimate analogously.",
            "B": " Sum up the work package and risk contingency reserve estimates.",
            "C": " Roll up work package estimates into a project total and add management reserves.",
            "D": " Gain expert opinions of the project total costs."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理制定了详细的WBS，并为每个工作包都进行了成本估算。要想根据这些信息制定成本基线，项目经理应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "使用WBS最高层级的信息进行近似地估算。",
            "B": "将对工作包的估算和风险应急储备进行汇总。",
            "C": "将对工作包的估算汇总在一起，然后再加上管理储备。",
            "D": "让专家针对项目总成本给出意见。"
        },
        "analysis": "282.解析：1.题干中，项目经理要做的就是制定预算，根据以上知识点，制定预算要汇总所有单个活动或工作包的估算成本。而根据活动成本估算包含应急储备。所以选项B正确；2.选项A和选项D应该是在制定预算的估算成本过程中执行；3.成本基线只包含应急储备，不包含管理储备，所以选项C错。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "283",
        "question": "283. An oil field development project manager believes that modifying the project scope may increase production and will increase the owner’s profit level. What should the project manager do? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Change the WBS",
            "B": " Contact the customer to improve understanding",
            "C": " Call a meeting with the project team",
            "D": " Update the scope management plan"
        },
        "traQue": "一个油田开发项目的经理认为修改项目范围可以增加产量并提高业主的利润率，他应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 变更WBS",
            "B": " 联系客户、加强了解",
            "C": " 召集项目团队会议",
            "D": " 更新项目管理计划"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "283.参考答案：B。先了解已经变更的内容，再做决定。"
    },
    {
        "id": "284",
        "question": "284.A project has just begun when one of the stakeholders asks the project manager about making a change to the format of the deliverable for activity Y. She wants to know how to go about submitting the change for review. The project manager should direct her to:",
        "options": {
            "A": "The change control boarD",
            "B": "The communications management plan.",
            "C": "The sponsor.",
            "D": "The change control system."
        },
        "traQue": "项目开始之后，某一干系人要求项目经理对活动Y的可交付成果的形式进行变更。她想知道如何提交变更申请。你应该让她去参考：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "变更控制委员会。",
            "B": "沟通管理计划。",
            "C": "发起人。",
            "D": "变更控制系统。"
        },
        "analysis": "284.解析：变更请求由变更控制系统和配置控制系统中所列的过程进行处理。因此本题选D答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "285",
        "question": "285. Which of the following forms the basis of a risk lessons learned program?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Corrective action. ",
            "B": "Risk database. ",
            "C": "Checklist. ",
            "D": "Risk response plan. "
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪项形成了吸取风险教训的基础？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "纠正措施。",
            "B": "风险数据库。",
            "C": "检查表。",
            "D": "风险应对计划。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "285.答案：B。风险数据库形成了吸取风险教训的基础。"
    },
    {
        "id": "286",
        "question": "286. A periodic document detailing time， cost，and resource performance is called a(n. _______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "Engineering Change Proposal (ECP.",
            "B": "project status report",
            "C": "work authorization",
            "D": "Request for Proposal (RFP."
        },
        "traQue": "一种定期的文档，用于详细说明进度、费用和资源的绩效状况的，称为_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "工程变更建议书",
            "B": "项目状态报告",
            "C": "工作授权书",
            "D": "建议征求书"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "286.答案：B。项目状态报告的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "287",
        "question": "287. A list of approved configuration identification, status of proposed changes to the configuration, and the implementation status of approved changes, is recorded and reported in which of the following item? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Configuration identification.",
            "B": " Configuration definition.",
            "C": " Configuration status accounting.",
            "D": " Configuration verification and auditing."
        },
        "traQue": "关于已经批准了的配置识别，配置的建议变更的状态，和批准变更的事实状态，形成一个列表进行记录和汇报，属于下面哪一项？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 配置识别。",
            "B": " 配置定义。",
            "C": " 配置状态记录。",
            "D": " 配置核实和审计。"
        },
        "analysis": "287.解析：根据4.5中有关配置管理活动描述的知识点可知题干的描述正是配置状态记录（C）的定义。在以上知识点中还可以找到配置识别（A）和配置核实和审计（D）的定义，但PMBOK中未提供对配置定义（B）的描述。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "288",
        "question": "288. particular stakeholder has a reputation for making many changes on projects. What is the best approach a project manager can take at the beginning of the project to manager this stituation?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Say “no” to the stakeholder a few times to make him change his habits.",
            "B": "Begin stakeholder involvement in the projects as early as possible.",
            "C": "Talk to the stakeholder’s boss to find ways to direct the stakeholder’s activities to another project.",
            "D": " Ask that the stakeholder not be included in the stakeholder listing."
        },
        "traQue": "有一位项目干系人是因经常进行项目变更是出了名的。在项目开始时，项目经理最好是采取什么方法来管理这种情况？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 对这位干系人说几次“不”，使他改掉他的习惯",
            "B": " 尽可能早地让这位干系参与到项目中",
            "C": " 和这位干系人的老板商量办法，把他调到其他项目",
            "D": " 要求别把这位干系人列入干系人名单"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "288.参考答案：B知识要点：让干系人尽早参与项目，可以提高满意度"
    },
    {
        "id": "289",
        "question": "289. Who determines the project scope requirements of a new project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The customer.",
            "B": " The stakeholders.",
            "C": " The project manager.",
            "D": " Senior management."
        },
        "traQue": "谁确定新项目的项目范围需求？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "客户。",
            "B": "项目干系人。",
            "C": "项目经理。",
            "D": "高层管理层。"
        },
        "analysis": "289.解析：1.收集需求是为实现项目目标而定义并记录干系人的需求的过程。仔细掌握和管理项目需求与产品需求，对促进项目成功有重要作用。需求是指发起人、客户和其他干系人的已量化且记录下来的需要与期望。2.PMBOK中没有“项目范围需求”这个术语，我们可将其理解为项目需求或项目范围。而根据以上知识点，无论如何理解题目，答案都应该选B.2.选项ACD都不全面。要注意的是，如果题目问的是产品范围，应该选A。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "290",
        "question": "290. In order to compute the probability of completing a project on time，the standard deviations（SD:of each activity must be known. These can be calculated using the following expression___. \n Note：The definitions of a=most optimistic time and b=most pessimistic time. Use the following information for questions 10 and 11 for the following is duration data related to an activity in a time scale network. \n Optimistic time=a=10 days \n Pessimistic time=b=20 days \n Most likely time=m=12 days",
        "options": {
            "A": "SD=（b-a）/6",
            "B": "SD=b-a/6",
            "C": "SD=（a-b）/6",
            "D": "SD=（b-a）/12"
        },
        "traQue": "为了计算按时完成项目的概率，必须知道每个活动的标准方差。可以通过___计算相应的方差。注意：定义a=最乐观时间，b=最悲观时间。使用以下的条件来解答第15和第16题。 \n 乐观时间=a=10天 \n 悲观时间=b=20天 \n 最可能时间=m=12天",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "SD=（b-a）/6",
            "B": "SD=b-a/6",
            "C": "SD=（a-b）/6",
            "D": "SD=（b-a）/12"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "290.答案：A。见《PMBOK指南》第五版6.5.2.4及本章补充公式。"
    },
    {
        "id": "291",
        "question": "291. The close project or phase process is essential to overall project planning.What is considered one of the most important steps in closing project or phase?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Insuring that plans are produced to implement the project by phases.",
            "B": "Issuing work orders so that financial data can be collecteD",
            "C": "Transition the lease of equipment to the owner.",
            "D": "Satisfying the contractual obligations."
        },
        "traQue": "结束项目或阶段过程对整个项目计划十分重要。在结束项目或阶段中最重要的一步是下列哪个？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "说明计划是分阶段来实施项目的。",
            "B": "提供工作清单以便收集财务数据。",
            "C": "转变设备的租约给业主。",
            "D": "满足合同要求。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "291.答案：D。合同条款与条件也可能对合同收尾做了具体规定，若有规定，则必须执行。结束项目或阶段必须满足合同要求。"
    },
    {
        "id": "292",
        "question": "292. All of the following are NOT parts of a project management plan EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Baselines.",
            "B": " Milestone list.",
            "C": " Risk register.",
            "D": " Lessons learneD"
        },
        "traQue": "以下各项都不是项目管理计划的内容，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 基线。",
            "B": " 里程碑清单。",
            "C": " 风险登记册。",
            "D": " 经验教训。"
        },
        "analysis": "292.解析：只有基线是项目管理计划的一部分。里程碑清单（选项B）和风险登记册（选项C）是项目文件的内容。经验教训（选项D）属于组织过程资产，属于项目收尾过程组的内容。以前项目的经验教训可以成为项目管理计划的输入，但绝不是其内容。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "293",
        "question": "293. 项目团队报告当前项目执行进度落后，成本超支，项目的情况是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " CPI<1, SPI>1",
            "B": " CPI>1, SPI<1 ",
            "C": " CPI<1, SPI<1",
            "D": " CPI>1, SPI>1"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "293.参考答案：C。"
    },
    {
        "id": "294",
        "question": "294. As part of your project plan you must develop an effective method of communication for your multinational team of stakeholders. You have several choices of media available. What is the appropriate action to take in developing your communication plan?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Use the standard media that has been in effect for your previous project.",
            "B": " Use multiple forms of media to ensure that everyone receive the information.",
            "C": " Discuss the available options with the stakeholder and obtain their inputs.",
            "D": " Obtain additional funding from the project sponsor and develop a project specific Infrastructure."
        },
        "traQue": "作为项目计划的一部分，你需要为你的项目中的多个国家的干系人制定有效的沟通方法。你有多种沟通媒介可供选择。要制定这样的沟通计划，你应该:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 利用从前项目中可行的标准媒介。",
            "B": " 利用多种媒介形式，确保每一个人都收到信息。",
            "C": " 与干系人讨论各种选择，获得他们的输入。",
            "D": " 找项目发起人获得额外的资金以便制定针对项目的基础设施。"
        },
        "analysis": "294.解析：1、干系人的沟通需求和适用的沟通技术包含在沟通管理计划中。沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的一部分，在规划项目、制定项目管理计划和项目文件时，项目团队应当鼓励所有相关干系人参与。2、A,B,D都是具体的沟通管理方法，是C的结果。3、此题的场景是干扰项，对选择没有作用。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "295",
        "question": "295. The Project Procurement Management knowledge area includes all of the following EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Conduct procurements",
            "B": " Close procurements",
            "C": " Identify risks",
            "D": " Plan procurement management"
        },
        "traQue": "项目采购管理知识领域包含下面的过程，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 实施采购",
            "B": " 结束采购",
            "C": " 识别风险",
            "D": " 规划采购管理"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "295.参考答案：C知识要点：项目管理过程组与知识领域"
    },
    {
        "id": "296",
        "question": "296. From an HR perspective，the project manager's responsibility in the planning role________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "hiring the team",
            "B": "developing work schedules",
            "C": "forecasting",
            "D": "both B and C"
        },
        "traQue": "从人力资源的角度来看，项目经理在计划过程中担负的责任包括________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "组建团队",
            "B": "制定工作的进度表",
            "C": "预测",
            "D": "B和C"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "296.答案：D。B中的工作进度表是指为每个人员制定工作的时间安排。C所做的预测是指对人员需求的变化作出预测。这两点均是项目经理的职责。而A组建团队，是组织的责任，项目经理在这个过程中可以提供RAM帮助团队的组建工作，另外，组建团队属于项目执行阶段的过程，而不是项目计划阶段（《PMBOK指南》第五版）。"
    },
    {
        "id": "297",
        "question": "297.You are a project manager for a large construction project when you realize that there are over 500 potential stakeholders on the project. Which of the following would be the BEST course of action for you to take?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Eliminate some stakeholders",
            "B": " Find an effective way to gather the needs of all stakeholders",
            "C": " Gather the needs of all the most influential stakeholders",
            "D": " Contact your manager and ask which ones are more important"
        },
        "traQue": "作为一个大型建设项目的项目经理，你认为到项目有500多个可能是干系人。下列做法中，你最好应采取哪一个行动方案?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 排除一些干系人",
            "B": " 找到一个收集所有干系人需求的有效途径",
            "C": " 收集所有最具影响力的干系人的需求",
            "D": " 联系你的经理，问哪位更重要"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "297.参考答案：B知识要点：理论上，要考虑所有有关的项目干系人的需求。实际中，重点会关注关键干系人的需求"
    },
    {
        "id": "298",
        "question": "298.After identifying the occurrence of a risk with a negative impact to the project’s budget ，a project manager needs to determine if the remaining contingency allowance is enough . what tool or technique should be used？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Reserve analysis ",
            "B": "Variance and trend analysis",
            "C": "Contingency analysis",
            "D": "SWOT analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "在识别对项目预算会产生负面影响的风险发生之后，项目经理需要确定剩余的应急储备是否足够. 项目经理应该采用下列哪一项工具或技术？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "储备分析",
            "B": "偏差和趋势分析",
            "C": "应急分析",
            "D": "SWOT分析"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "298.答案：A。在风险监控过程储备分析的定义。参见PMBOK2012中11.6.2.5。考点：储备分析"
    },
    {
        "id": "299",
        "question": "299. Considering the powers that a PM can have， which of the following is an example of an earned power?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Referent powcr",
            "B": "Formal power",
            "C": "Penalty power",
            "D": "Reward power"
        },
        "traQue": "在下列作为一个项目经理该有的权力中，哪项是项目经理挣得的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "潜示权力",
            "B": "正式权力",
            "C": "惩罚权力",
            "D": "奖励权力"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "299.答案：A。所谓挣得的权力，就是职位本身所不具有，但却被项目经理所拥有的。B。C。D显然都是项目经理职位自然拥有的权力。"
    },
    {
        "id": "300",
        "question": "300. The project manager on a large software installation project is working with her team on a critical set of activities. They are working late on Saturday night. Circumstances create the situation wherein the project manager must decide to change the schedule that will push the end date of the project out two weeks, what has MOST likely happened?",
        "options": {
            "A": " An emergency project change has taken place.",
            "B": " Scope creep has occurreD",
            "C": " A status change to the implementation has taken place.",
            "D": " Risk assessment failure has taken place."
        },
        "traQue": "某一大型软件安装项目的项目经理正在和团队成员一起讨论一组关键活动。周六他们工作到了很晚。当时的情况迫使项目经理必须变更进度，以使项目的结束日期提前/延迟2周。项目最可能发生了什么事情？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "紧急项目变更。",
            "B": "范围蔓延。",
            "C": "项目实施的状态变更。",
            "D": "风险评估失败。"
        },
        "analysis": "300.解析：1、变更控制系统也包括在紧急情况发生时不需评审，即可批准变更的程序。当时情况迫使项目经理必须进行变更进度，所以是紧急情况的变更，故选项A正确；2、未得到控制的变更通常称为范围蔓延（选项B），范围蔓延一般无需“周六仍工作到很晚”，因此选项B不是最佳选项；3、题目中没有提到进度变更是由于状态变更或风险评估失败而引起的意思表示，故选项C、D错误。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "301",
        "question": "301. The work breakdown structure is created by:",
        "options": {
            "A": " The team.",
            "B": " The project manager.",
            "C": " Management.",
            "D": " The sponsor."
        },
        "traQue": "工作分解结构是通过以下谁创造的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "团队。",
            "B": "项目经理。",
            "C": "管理层。",
            "D": "发起人。"
        },
        "analysis": "301.解析：1.正常情况下，应该是所有团队成员共同参与创建WBS.2.在项目很小时，项目经理（B）可能单独创建WBS，但这只是特殊情况，项目经理一般进行汇总工作。管理层（C）和发起人（D）一般不参与创建WBS。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "302",
        "question": "302.Which technique uses information based on “why-why” and “how-how” diagrams?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Failure Mode Effective Analysis (FMEA",
            "B": " Corrective and Preventive Actions(CAPA",
            "C": " Root cause analysis",
            "D": " Pareto diagram"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项技术使用了基于“为什么、为什么”以及“如何、如何”图表的信息？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "失效模式与影响分析（FMEA",
            "B": "纠正和预防措施（CAPA",
            "C": "根本原因分析",
            "D": "帕累托图"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "302.答案：C。分析：8.3.2.1控制质量-工具-因果图，又称石川图或鱼骨图，直观地显示各种因素如何与潜在问题或结果相联系。沿着其中某条线不停地问“为什么”或“怎样”就可以发现某个可能的根本原因。“为什么、为什么”以及“如何、如何”图表看用于根本原因分析，还可用于风险分析。"
    },
    {
        "id": "303",
        "question": "303. A project manager may use_______to make sure the team members clearly know what work is included in each of their work packages.",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project scope statement.",
            "B": " The product scope.",
            "C": " A WBS dictionary.",
            "D": " A schedule."
        },
        "traQue": "为了确保团队成员清楚了解每个工作包所包括的工作，项目经理会使用以下哪个文件？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目范围说明书。",
            "B": "产品范围。",
            "C": "工作分解结构词典。",
            "D": "进度计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "303.解析：1.书中原话，“工作分解结构词典是在创建工作分解结构过程中产生并用于支持工作分解结构的文件”，可以帮助团队成员清楚了解每个工作包的包含的具体工作，所以C对.2.项目范围说明书（A）和产品范围（B）都没有分解到工作包级别；进度计划（D）是基于活动而不是基于工作包制定的。答案：C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "304",
        "question": "304.A work package is a",
        "options": {
            "A": " Deliverable at the lowest level of the WBS ",
            "B": " Task with a unique identifier",
            "C": " Required level of reporting",
            "D": " Task that can be assigned to more than one organizational unit"
        },
        "traQue": "工作包是:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "最低层次工作分解结构的可交付成果",
            "B": "具有惟一标识的任务",
            "C": "报告的要求水平",
            "D": "可以被分配到一个以上组织单位的任务"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "304.参考答案：A。工作包是WBS是最底层，是具体的可交付成果，须由一个人或一个部门负责。"
    },
    {
        "id": "305",
        "question": "305.Procurement closeout is different with close project in the procurement closeout:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Occurs before close project",
            "B": " Is the only one to involve the customer",
            "C": " Includes the return of the project",
            "D": " May be done more that once for each contract"
        },
        "traQue": "采购收尾不同于项目收尾，在于采购收尾是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 发生在项目收尾前",
            "B": " 是唯一有客户参与的阶段",
            "C": " 包含归还财产",
            "D": " 可能在一个合同过程中进行多次"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "305.参考答案：A知识要点：先结束采购，再结束项目"
    },
    {
        "id": "306",
        "question": "306. During which project management process group are budget forecasts created?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Monitoring and controlling.",
            "B": " Planning.",
            "C": " Initiating.",
            "D": " Executing."
        },
        "traQue": "在以下哪个过程组进行预算预测？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 监控。",
            "B": " 规划。",
            "C": " 启动。",
            "D": " 执行。"
        },
        "analysis": "306.解析：预算预测是控制成本的输出，当然发生在监控过程组。预测是控制成本的工具与技术，主要用来预测完工估算（EAC）。本题要排除选项B的干扰。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "307",
        "question": "307. During the course of your project, you notice that most of the changes occurring on the project come from the research department. What should you do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Assign a team member to work solely with the research department.",
            "B": " Change your communications management plan, so only you are assigned to interact with the research department.",
            "C": " Ask the research department to assign one person to be your liaison.",
            "D": " Talk to the research department to understand the reasons for the changes."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目进行过程中你发现，大部分项目变更都发生在研发部门。这时你应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "安排一位团队成员专门和研发部门一起工作。",
            "B": "更新沟通管理计划，只安排你自己跟研发部门的人打交道。",
            "C": "要求研发部选出一名代表作为你们的联络员。",
            "D": "找研发部门的人谈话，了解变更发生的原因。"
        },
        "analysis": "307.解析：解决此类问题的最佳方法就是要找到问题的原因。A、B、C看似能够加强与研发部门的沟通与协作，但实际上没有从根源上解决问题。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "308",
        "question": "308.Which is the most conservative of the work completion rules?",
        "options": {
            "A": "50/50 Rule. ",
            "B": "0/100 Rule. ",
            "C": "20/80 Rule. ",
            "D": "100/100 Rule. "
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪个是最保守的工作完成规则？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "50/50 规则。",
            "B": "0/100 规则。",
            "C": "20/80 规则。",
            "D": "100/100 规则。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "308.答案：B。0/100指在任务完成之前都认为是零。"
    },
    {
        "id": "309",
        "question": "309. You have just joined the project management office after five years of working on projects. One of the things you want to introduce to your company is the value of creating and utilizing work breakdown structures. Some of the project managers are angry that you are asking them to do extra work. Which of the following would be the BEST thing you could tell the project managers to convince them to use work breakdown structures?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Work breakdown structures will prevent work from slipping through the cracks. . ",
            "B": " Work breakdown structures are only needed on large projects. ",
            "C": " Work breakdown structures are required only if the project involves contracts. ",
            "D": " Work breakdown structures are the only way to identify risks. "
        },
        "traQue": "在5年的项目工作以后，你刚刚加入项目管理办公室。你需要引入你的公司的事情之一就是编制 WBS 的必要性。一些项目经理很生气，认为你在让他们做“额外工作”。下列哪一项是你可以告诉项目经理们以说服他们应用 WBS 的最好的理由？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 工作分解结构将防止工作从缝隙中漏掉。",
            "B": " 工作分解结构只在大型项目中需要。",
            "C": " 工作分解结构只有在项目涉及合同时需要。",
            "D": " 工作分解结构识别风险的唯一方法。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "309.答案：A。项目无论大小，无论与合同是否有关，都需要工作分解结构。工作分解结构可以用来帮助识别风险，但风险也可以使用其他方法来识别。防止工作被遗忘,从缝隙中漏掉、就是这个工具的主要原因之一，也是这里所提供的最好的选择。"
    },
    {
        "id": "310",
        "question": "310.Completion cost forecasting calculations include: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " EAC=ACWP+(BAC-BCWP)",
            "B": " EAC = BAC-CV",
            "C": " EAC=ACWP+(BAC/CPI) ",
            "D": " A or B above"
        },
        "traQue": "@310.完成成本的预测计算应包括：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "EAC ＝ ACWP+ （B A C - B C W P.",
            "B": "E A C ＝ BAC- C V",
            "C": "E A C ＝ A C W P + （B A C/C P I.",
            "D": "A 或B"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "310.参考答案：D。"
    },
    {
        "id": "311",
        "question": "311.In which of the following situations should a control chart tool be used? ",
        "options": {
            "A": "Showing trends in a process over time and forecasting future results",
            "B": "Showing the relationship between two variables in a non-predictive way",
            "C": "Monitoring and improving repetitive processes over time with defined thresholds",
            "D": "Identifying possible causes related to a problem"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪种情况应采用控制图工具？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "说明过程随时间发展的趋势以及预测未来结果",
            "B": "以非预测方式说明两个变量的关系",
            "C": "根据指定界限监控并改进随时间可重复出现的过程",
            "D": "识别问题的可能原因"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "311.答案：C。参见PMBOK2012中8.1.2.3控制图，选C。考点：控制图。"
    },
    {
        "id": "312",
        "question": "312. 某公司的管理层找到你，想请你出任一个小项目的项目经理，并说你在这方面非常有经验，所以就不需要发布项目章程。你应该做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": "接受这个任务",
            "B": "告诉管理层，没有项目章程就做项目可能产生的不良后果",
            "C": "向管理层要求更高的报酬，然后接受这个任务",
            "D": "动手起草项目章程"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "312.参考答案：B知识要点：项目章程是正式批准项目，并且授权项目经理动用组织资源的文件"
    },
    {
        "id": "313",
        "question": "313. Inputs into Estimate Activity Resource include:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource availability, bottom-up estimating, and activity list",
            "B": " Resource breakdown structure, activity resource requirements and activity list",
            "C": " Activity resource requirements, activity list, and activity attributes",
            "D": " Activity list, activity attributes, resource calendar."
        },
        "traQue": "估算活动资源的输入包括：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 资源可利用情况、自下而上估算、活动清单",
            "B": " 资源分解结构、活动资源需求、活动清单",
            "C": " 活动资源需求、活动清单、活动属性",
            "D": " 活动清单、活动属性、资源日历"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "313.参考答案：D。"
    },
    {
        "id": "314",
        "question": "314. Having the client assist in the project planning＿＿. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "is not always recommended since the client does not have adequate knowledge of project management. ",
            "B": "enables better planning since they are familiar with project insights. ",
            "C": "provides only some understanding，but usually the client dealing with the project has only limited authority. ",
            "D": "usually confuses the situation. "
        },
        "traQue": "在项目计划阶段让顾客参与＿＿。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "通常不被推荐因为客户不了解足够的项目管理知识。",
            "B": "由于他们更熟悉项目内情，这样能够带来更好的计划。",
            "C": "仅提供一些互相的理解，但是通常介入项目的客户仅有有限权威。",
            "D": "通常使局势混乱。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "314.答案：B。项目计划阶段客户的参与是客户知识对项目的贡献。"
    },
    {
        "id": "315",
        "question": "315. The project scope statement furnishes a basis for____",
        "options": {
            "A": "future project decision including the criteria used to determine if the project or phase has been successfully finished",
            "B": "provides link to the client functional management groups",
            "C": "allowing the project to muve to the next phase",
            "D": "a way to provide updated information to the accounting department"
        },
        "traQue": "项目范围说明为____提供了基础。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "未来的项目决策包括衡量项目和阶段成果成功与否的标准",
            "B": "为客户职能管理团队提供纽带",
            "C": "使得项目可以向下一个阶段运行",
            "D": "给财务部门提供更新信息的方式"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "315.答案：A。《PMBOK指南》第五版5.3.3.1。"
    },
    {
        "id": "316",
        "question": "316.Company work authorization system can be categoriaed into_____",
        "options": {
            "A": " Organization’s processes and procedures for conducting work.",
            "B": " Enterprise environmental factors.",
            "C": " Organizational corporate knowledge base.",
            "D": " Contract administration procedure."
        },
        "traQue": "公司的工作授权系统属于_____",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 执行工作的组织过程和手续",
            "B": " 事业环境因素",
            "C": " 组织共同知识库",
            "D": " 合同管理程序"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "316.参考答案：B知识要点：事业环境因素"
    },
    {
        "id": "317",
        "question": "317. Effective manageing stakeholder expectations include the following except ______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "timely status information",
            "B": "frequent cost reports",
            "C": "scope change control",
            "D": "clearly requirement control"
        },
        "traQue": "有效的项目干系人管理包括下列内容，除了_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "定期的状态信息",
            "B": "频繁的费用报告",
            "C": "范围变更控制",
            "D": "清晰的需求控制"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "317.答案：B。并不是所有的项目干系人都需要“频繁”的费用报告。"
    },
    {
        "id": "318",
        "question": "318. The risk management plan accomplishes all of the following except:",
        "options": {
            "A": "It defines the methodology to risk management on the project.",
            "B": "It describes the risk categories.",
            "C": "It defines the roles and responsibilities of the risk management team.",
            "D": "It addresses responses to individual risks and how they will be carried out during the project."
        },
        "traQue": "风险管理计划进行以下各项，但不包括:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "定义项目风险管理的方法论。",
            "B": "描述风险类别。",
            "C": "定义风险管理团队的角色职责。",
            "D": "处理单个风险的应对以及在项目中如何实施。"
        },
        "analysis": "318.解析：根据“11.1.3.1风险管理计划的组成部分”可知风险管理计划并不处理单个风险的应对以及在项目中如何实施（D）。选项A、B、C都是风险管理计划中必需包含的内容。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "319",
        "question": "319. A project is considered closed when the: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Client accepts the product. ",
            "B": " Lessons learned are completeD",
            "C": " Archives are completeD",
            "D": " Contract is finisheD"
        },
        "traQue": "项目在什么时候可以认为完成了？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 客户接受了产品。",
            "B": " 完成经验教训总结。",
            "C": " 文档归档。",
            "D": " 合同完成。"
        },
        "analysis": "319.解析：ABCD在收尾阶段都有对应工作，我们按照顺序来判断，发生在最后的我们认为是符合题目的。归档发生在解散团队之前，而解散团队是最后一件工作。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "320",
        "question": "320. All of the following are parts of the Direct and Manage Project Work process EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Identifying changes",
            "B": "Using a work breakdown structure",
            "C": "Implementing corrective actions",
            "D": "Setting up a project control system"
        },
        "traQue": "下面各项都是指导和管理项目工作的一部分，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确认变更",
            "B": "使用工作分解结构",
            "C": "采取纠正措施",
            "D": "设立项目控制系统"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "320.答案：D。虽然WBS在项目计划阶段中创建,但可以在项目执行中用来帮助管理项目。这里的措辞并非“创建WBS”,而是“使用WBS。”项目控制系统是在项目计划阶段建立的,而不是在项目执行期,因此它是个例外。"
    },
    {
        "id": "321",
        "question": "321.What is another name for the waiting time between two tasks?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Slack",
            "B": " Float",
            "C": " Lag",
            "D": " CPM"
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪项是介于两个任务之间等待时间的其他名字？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 松弛",
            "B": " 浮差",
            "C": " 滞后",
            "D": " CPM"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "321.参考答案：C。滞后的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "322",
        "question": "322. The project plan is developed by___。",
        "options": {
            "A": "the project manager",
            "B": "the manager of project managers",
            "C": "the project team",
            "D": "A and C"
        },
        "traQue": "项目计划是由___完成的。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目经理",
            "B": "项目经理上层",
            "C": "项目团队",
            "D": "A和C"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "322.答案：D。注意，项目团队是项目计划的制定者之一。"
    },
    {
        "id": "323",
        "question": "323. 公司要成立一个PMO，要用到PMBOK的知识，你作为项目经理应该怎么办?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不同意",
            "B": " 不支持",
            "C": " 认为意义不大",
            "D": " 同意，开始推广"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "323.参考答案：D知识要点：项目经理要积极推广PMBOK知识"
    },
    {
        "id": "324",
        "question": "324. What is the duration of a milestone?",
        "options": {
            "A": "It is shorter than the duration of the longest activity",
            "B": "It is shorter than the activity it represents",
            "C": "It has no duration",
            "D": "it is the same length as the activity it represents"
        },
        "traQue": "里程碑的持续时间是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "比持续时间最长的活动的时间短。",
            "B": "比它代表的活动的时间短。",
            "C": "没有持续时间。",
            "D": "持续时间和它代表的活动相同。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "324.答案：C。里程碑代表的是一系列的活动或工作包的完成。因此,不花它自己的时间。"
    },
    {
        "id": "325",
        "question": "325. Which of the following statements is not true regarding the scope management plan?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The scope management plan can be informal and broadly framed, or formal and highly detaileD",
            "B": " The scope management plan is a subsidiary component of the project plan.",
            "C": " The scope management plan should describe how scope change request will be processed",
            "D": " The scope management plan should describe how likely scope change is to occur."
        },
        "traQue": "关于范围管理计划，哪一个陈述是不正确的?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 范围管理计划可以是非正式和简要的，或者正式而且详细。",
            "B": " 范围管理计划是项目计划的组成部分。",
            "C": " 范围管理计划应该描述范围变更请求如何处理。",
            "D": " 范围管理计划应该描述范围变更发生的可能性。"
        },
        "analysis": "325.解析：见5.1.3.1范围管理计划。选项D是在风险管理里面监控的。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "326",
        "question": "326. John is managing a mufti-phase project and needs to validate the previous phase's assumptions and decisions in order to determine if the business needs for the project still exist. Referring to the scenario above, which one of the following processes does John need to follow to accomplish this goal?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Monitoring and Controlling Process",
            "B": " Initiating Process",
            "C": " Closing Process",
            "D": " Executing Process"
        },
        "traQue": "约翰管理一个多阶段的项目，需要验证前一阶段的假设和决策，以便判断项目的商业需求是否依然存在。完成这一目标，约翰处于哪一个过程?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 监控过程。",
            "B": " 启动过程。",
            "C": " 收尾过程。",
            "D": " 执行过程。"
        },
        "analysis": "326.解析：确定前一阶段的工作已确认是否可以进入后已阶段，按照各阶段为一个项目的原则，约翰完成的目标是在项目的启动阶段。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "327",
        "question": "327. The preparation of the scope baseline can BEST be described as involving:",
        "options": {
            "A": " The functional managers.",
            "B": " The project team.",
            "C": " All the stakeholders.",
            "D": " The project expediter."
        },
        "traQue": "谁负责制定范围基线？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "职能经理。",
            "B": "项目团队。",
            "C": "所有干系人。",
            "D": "项目联络员。"
        },
        "analysis": "327.解析：客户提出需求后，实施组织的项目团队负责制定范围基线。范围基线包括工作分解结构、工作分解结构词典和项目范围说明书。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "328",
        "question": "328. As for projects and operational work, which of the followings is proper？",
        "options": {
            "A": " A project is constrained by limited resources and operational works generally have no such constraints.",
            "B": " Operational works are not defined as a project.",
            "C": " The objectives of projects and operations are fundamentally different.",
            "D": " Projects are different because the project concludes when its specific objectives have been attained, while operations are repetitive."
        },
        "traQue": "关于项目与运营，下面哪一项描述是正确的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目受到有限资源的制约，而运营没有资源的制约",
            "B": " 运营工作不会被定义为项目",
            "C": " 项目和运营的目标是根本不同的",
            "D": " 由于项目所要达到的特定目标不同，因而项目是独特的，而运营是可重复的"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "328.参考答案：C知识要点：运营的目标是持续经营，项目的目标是早一点结束项目。选项D，项目的独特性是因为可交付成果是独特的，不是因为目标是特定的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "329",
        "question": "329. During the execution phase of the project, you realized the subcontractors are working with incomplete and different scope statements. As the project manager, what should you do FIRST:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Check the work completed against the correct scope statements.",
            "B": " Review the scope of work with the stakeholders.",
            "C": " Document the inconsistencies to management, calculating the cost of non-conformance.",
            "D": " Stop all activities until the scope of work is complete."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目的实施阶段期间，你发现分包商在按照不完整并且不同的范围说明进行工作。作为项目经理，你应该首先做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "检查按照正确对待的范围说明完成工作",
            "B": "与项目干系人一起审核工作范围",
            "C": "用文件记录与管理不一致之处，计算不一致性的成本",
            "D": "在工作范围完整之前停止工作"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "329.参考答案：B。题干中“分包商在按照不完整并且不同的范围说明进行工作”--说明范围未定义好，需要重新定义范围"
    },
    {
        "id": "330",
        "question": "330.All of the following are part of quality audits EXCEPT? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Determine whether project activities comply with organizational policies ",
            "B": " Determine inefficient and ineffective policies ",
            "C": " Validated defect repair ",
            "D": " Confirm the implementation of approved change requests "
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪项不属于质量审计？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 决定项目活动是否与组织政策一致",
            "B": " 决定低效和无效的政策",
            "C": " 通过瑕疵修复",
            "D": " 确定实施核准的变更请求"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "330.答案：C。读题，“哪项不属于质量审计”。通过瑕疵修复属于控制质量，所以不是质量审计，质量审计是在质量保证过程中完成的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "331",
        "question": "331.According to learning curve theory, when many items are produced repetitively",
        "options": {
            "A": " Production equipment that requires less operator training lowers unit costs",
            "B": " Unit costs decrease as production rates increase",
            "C": " Unit costs decrease in a regular pattern as more units are produced ",
            "D": " Costs of training increase as the level of automation increases"
        },
        "traQue": "根据学习曲线理论（learning curve theory.，当很多项是重复生产时：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "需要较少操作员培训的生产设备可以降低单位成本",
            "B": "随着生产率的提高，单位成本减少 ",
            "C": "随着生产更多的单位，单位成本有规律的降低",
            "D": "随着自动化程度的增加，培训成本也增加"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "331.参考答案：C。选项C就是学习曲线的定义，学习曲线通俗的说法就是“熟能生巧”。"
    },
    {
        "id": "332",
        "question": "332. You are a project manager in a large organization that uses a matrix structure for projects. You have been asked to investigate what organizational structure your competitors use and how this affects their ability to manage projects successfully. How would you describe the MAIN difference between a matrix organization and a functional organization?",
        "options": {
            "A": " In a functional organization, project managers have more authority than they do in a matrix organization.",
            "B": " More people work full-time on projects in a functional organization than in a matrix organization.",
            "C": " Project team members usually report to two bosses in a matrix organization;the functional manager and the project manager.",
            "D": " Most companies have found that functional organization structures provide the most flexibility for managing projects."
        },
        "traQue": "你是一个大型组织的项目经理，该组织的项目采用矩阵结构形式。管理层要求你调查竞争对手使用的组织类型以及对项目管理的影响。你如何描述矩阵组织和职能组织的主要区别？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在职能组织中，项目经理拥有较大的权力。",
            "B": "职能组织的成员都是全职做项目。",
            "C": "矩阵组织中，团队成员通常向职能经理和项目经理同时汇报工作。",
            "D": "大多数公司认为职能组织结构更具灵活性。"
        },
        "analysis": "332.解析：1、职能型组织中项目经理拥的职权很小或没有，所以选项A错误；2、职能型组织成员按专业分工，各部门相互独立的开展各自的项目工作，团队成员在项目上工作的时间取决于项目需要，所以选项B错误；3、矩阵组织兼具职能组织和项目组织的特征，团队成员通常需向职能经理和项目经理双向汇报，因此选项C正确。4、职能组织中，项目的可用资源很少，缺乏灵活性，所以选项D错误。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "333",
        "question": "333. When is integration performed?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project planning",
            "B": " Project execution",
            "C": " At key interface points",
            "D": " At the end of each project management phase"
        },
        "traQue": "在什么时候执行整合管理？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目规划时",
            "B": " 在项目执行时",
            "C": " 在关键界面点",
            "D": " 在每个项目管理阶段完成时"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "333.参考答案：C知识要点：关键界面点，就是关键的衔接部位或者接口，需要做好整合管理"
    },
    {
        "id": "334",
        "question": "334.For what are flow charts primarily used?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Schedule management",
            "B": " Improving stakeholder communication",
            "C": " Quality measurement tool",
            "D": " Risk management tool"
        },
        "traQue": "使用流程图的主要目的是什么?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 进度管理",
            "B": " 改善项目干系人的沟通",
            "C": " 质量测量工具",
            "D": " 风险管理工具"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "334.答案：C。流程图是对一个过程的图形化表示，用来显示该过程中各步骤之间的相互关系。流程图有多种形式，但所有的流程图都会显示活动、决策点和处理顺序。在质量规划过程中，流程图有助于项目团队预测可能发生的质量问题。认识到潜在问题，就可以建立测试程序或处理方法。"
    },
    {
        "id": "335",
        "question": "335. Setting the number of defects is a direct responsibility of________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "a functional worker",
            "B": "the project manager",
            "C": "management",
            "D": "the accounting department"
        },
        "traQue": "设定缺陷数目是_________的直接责任。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "职能工作者",
            "B": "项目经理",
            "C": "管理层（管理团队.",
            "D": "财务部门"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "335.答案：C。确定和传达所需要达到的质量等级标准水平，是质量管理团队的责任之一。选项A职能工作者的责任是“对所执行任务的质量负根本责任（ultimateresponsibility）”。B项目经理对“项目的质量负责”。D是不对的，这里并不涉及质量费用问题。"
    },
    {
        "id": "336",
        "question": "336.A project is divided into four phases. The second phase of the project has a 15% schedule overrun. Before executing the next phase of the project, the project manager analyzes the root cause for the schedule overrun and finds that one of the critical components supplied by a vendor was faulty and had to be replaced. The vendor was penalized as per the terms of the contract. \n The project manger should do which of the following before moving to the next phase?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Terminate all future contracts with the vendor.",
            "B": " Bring the vendor’s performance to the attention of senior management.",
            "C": " Add vendor’s reference in the risk register for that specific project component ",
            "D": " Advise the vendor to vendor to avoid repeating the same mistake."
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目被分为四个阶段。项目的第二阶段进度延误15%。在执行项目的下一个阶段前，项目经理分析了进度延误的根本原因，发现是由于供应商供应的其中一个关键性部件有缺陷而必须更换。供应商已经按照合同条款受到处罚。在进入下一阶段前，项目经理应该采取下列哪项措施？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "终止未来与该供应商的所有合同。",
            "B": "将供应商的绩效告知高级管理层。",
            "C": "将供应商的名称添加到该项特定项目部分的风险登记册中。",
            "D": "通知供应商应该避免犯同样的错误。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "336.答案：C。PMBOK11.6.3.4识别新风险，记录在风险登记册中"
    },
    {
        "id": "337",
        "question": "337. Project management processes can be categorized into five groups. The process groups are linked by the results they produce. The outputs of one often become the input to another. What is the MOST appropriate sequence of the five project management process groups?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Initiating-planning-monitoring and controlling-executing-closing",
            "B": " Initiating-executing-monitoring and controlling-planning-closing",
            "C": " Initiating-planning-executing-monitoring and controlling-closing",
            "D": " Initiating-monitoring and controlling-planning-executing-closing"
        },
        "traQue": "项目管理过程可以划分成5组。这5个过程通过它们产生的结构衔接起来，一个过程组的成果变成了另一个过程组的依据。这5个管理过程组最恰当的排序是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 启动－规划－监控－执行－收尾",
            "B": " 启动－执行－监控－规划－收尾",
            "C": " 启动－规划－执行－监控－收尾",
            "D": " 启动－监控－规划－执行－收尾"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "337.参考答案：C知识要点：五大项目管理过程组的相互作用"
    },
    {
        "id": "338",
        "question": "338. Which of the following is an important input to velidate scope? ",
        "options": {
            "A": "Work results.",
            "B": "Historical information.",
            "C": "Formal acceptance.",
            "D": "Change request."
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪项是确认范围的一项重要依据？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "工作结果。",
            "B": "历史信息。",
            "C": "正式接受。",
            "D": "变更申请。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "338.答案：A。确认范围是确认工作完成的过程。因此，你在分析中要使用工作结果。正式接受是一项成果，而不是依据。历史信息是定义范围的一项依据。"
    },
    {
        "id": "339",
        "question": "339.A person estimates that a commute home will most likely take one hour. On further questioning, she estimates that the trip could take as little as 45 minutes, best case, or as long as 1 hour 45 minutes, worst case. What is the standard deviation based on the estimates?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 10 minutes",
            "B": " 15 minutes",
            "C": " 50 minutes",
            "D": " 60 minutes"
        },
        "traQue": "一个人估计她回家最可能的情况是花1小时时间。她又进一步推算，在最快情况下要45分钟，最慢要1小时45分钟基于这样的估计，这个人回家所花的时间的标准差是多少",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 10分钟",
            "B": " 15分钟",
            "C": " 50分钟",
            "D": " 60分钟"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "339.参考答案：A。标准差的计算公式。"
    },
    {
        "id": "340",
        "question": "340. Which one of the following is NOT a trade-off decision that must be made in the development of the project plan? ",
        "options": {
            "A": "Whether to use skilled or unskilled laborers. ",
            "B": "The amount of profit vendors should make versus the profit other vendors have received in the past. ",
            "C": "Manufacturing in-house or sub-contracting out the work. ",
            "D": "The important of cost versus quality. "
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪个选项不属于项目计划编制过程中必须要做的权衡决定？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "是否使用熟练工人。",
            "B": "现有承包商的应得利润和过去承包商所得利润的比较。",
            "C": "内部生产或对外分包工作。",
            "D": "成本和质量的重要性。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "340.答案：B。项目只关心自身成本，与谁挣钱多少无关。"
    },
    {
        "id": "341",
        "question": "341. The approximate resource costs necessary for completing project activities are compiled during which project management process?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Cost reserve analysis.",
            "B": "Estimate costs.",
            "C": "Cost aggregation.",
            "D": "Forecasting. "
        },
        "traQue": "完成项目活动所需的近似资源成本在以下哪个管理过程编制？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 成本储备分析。",
            "B": " 估算成本。",
            "C": " 成本累积。",
            "D": " 预测。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "341.解析：选项A和C发生在制定预算过程，选项D发生控制成本过程。答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "342",
        "question": "342. You are working on a research and development project in the agriculture industry. Your risk management team has identified several risks and has determined that the most significant risk to the project is a financial risk. The most effective response for this type of risk is:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Avoidance.",
            "B": " Acceptance.",
            "C": " Mitigation.",
            "D": " Transference."
        },
        "traQue": "你参加一个农业的研发项目，风险管理团队识别了几个风险并认为项目最主要的风险是财务风险，此类风险最有效的应对方式是:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 规避。",
            "B": " 接受。",
            "C": " 减轻。",
            "D": " 转移。"
        },
        "analysis": "342.解析：转移风险策略对处理风险的财务后果最有效.答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "343",
        "question": "343. Within each process group, individual processes are linked by",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project manager.",
            "B": " Outputs.",
            "C": " Exit points",
            "D": " Chains"
        },
        "traQue": "每个过程组内，单个过程的衔接是通过：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理",
            "B": " 输出",
            "C": " 出口点",
            "D": " 链"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "343.参考答案：B知识要点：一个过程的输出会成为另外一个过程的输入"
    },
    {
        "id": "344",
        "question": "344.All of the following are required to bring a project to closure EXCEPT?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Perform project feedback with the team",
            "B": " Obtain sign off from the customer ",
            "C": " Review project documentation for completeness",
            "D": " Update the project plans"
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪项不是项目收尾所要求的",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 与团队成员完成项目反馈",
            "B": " 从客户处得到获得签名",
            "C": " 回顾所有项目文件",
            "D": " 更新项目计划"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "344.参考答案：D。项目已经收尾，无需更新项目计划。"
    },
    {
        "id": "345",
        "question": "345. The communications management plan is developed to meet the needs of the:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project sponsor.",
            "B": " Team.",
            "C": " Project manager.",
            "D": " Stakeholders."
        },
        "traQue": "沟通管理计划要满足谁的需求？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目发起人。",
            "B": "团队。",
            "C": "项目经理。",
            "D": "干系人。"
        },
        "analysis": "345.解析：1.沟通管理计划是规划沟通过程的输出，根据书上描述的内容可知沟通管理计划需要满足干系人（D）的需求；2.选项A、B、C都仅是干系人的一部分，不全面。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "346",
        "question": "346. Ranking ordering of defects should be used to guide corrective action. This is the underlying principle behind 。",
        "options": {
            "A": "trend analysis",
            "B": "inspection",
            "C": "control charts",
            "D": "pareto diagrams"
        },
        "traQue": "缺陷排序应当用于指导采取相应的纠正措施。这属于 所蕴含的潜在规则。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "趋势分析",
            "B": "检查",
            "C": "控制图",
            "D": "帕累托图"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "346.答案：D。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.3.2.1。按发生频率排序的目的就是为了有重点地采取纠正措施。项目团队首先要处理那些导致最多缺陷的原因，这是帕累托图的基本原理。"
    },
    {
        "id": "347",
        "question": "347. All of the following statements about workarounds are correct EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " They are unplanned responses to risks.",
            "B": " They are responses only to risks that were identified in project planning.",
            "C": " They make use of the project management plan.",
            "D": " They may result in a project change request."
        },
        "traQue": "以下关于权变措施描述均正确，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "它们是之前未计划的风险应对措施。",
            "B": "它们是那些只有在规划过程中识别出来的风险的应对措施。",
            "C": "它们利用项目管理计划。",
            "D": "它们可能会导致项目变更请求。"
        },
        "analysis": "347.解析：1、书中原话：11.6.3.2变更请求·有时，实施应急计划或权变措施会导致变更请求。·推荐的纠正措施包括应急计划和权变措施。后者是针对以往未曾识别或被动接受的、目前正在发生的风险而采取的、未经事先计划的应对措施。11.6.3.3项目管理计划（更新）如果经批准的变更请求对风险管理过程有影响，则应修改并重新发布项目管理计划中的相应组成部分，以反映这些经批准的变更。2、根据以上知识点可知选项A、C、D的描述都正确，而选项B错误（权变措施是针对规划过程中未被识别出来的风险所采取的措施）。但题目问的是哪个不正确，因些答案选（B）。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "348",
        "question": "348.The project is mostly complete. However, the customer wants to make a major change to the scope of work. The project manager should: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " meet with the project team to determine if this change can be made.",
            "B": " ask the customer for a description of the change.",
            "C": " explain that the change cannot be made at this point in the process.",
            "D": " inform management."
        },
        "traQue": "项目大部分已完成，然而客户希望进行一个范围工作的大的变更，项目经理应该： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 会见项目团队确定是否进行此变更",
            "B": " 请客户描述变更内容 ",
            "C": " 说明在项目的这一点不能进行变更",
            "D": " 告知管理层"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "348.参考答案：B。变更需要遵循变更管理流程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "349",
        "question": "349.During planning quality management, it is necessary to determine how the new service is to be measured to assure the quality levels are in control. These measurements are",
        "options": {
            "A": " Checklists",
            "B": " Quality metrics",
            "C": " Scatter diagram",
            "D": " Design of experiments"
        },
        "traQue": "在规划质量管理阶段，有必要确定如何测量新服务，以确保质量水平在可控范围内。可用的测量方法是？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 核对表",
            "B": " 质量测量指标",
            "C": " 散点图 ",
            "D": " 实验设计"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "349.答案：B。PMBOK2012中8.1.3.3质量测量指标是一种操作性定义，它用非常具体的语言，描述项目或产品属性以及质量控制过程如何对其进行测量。选项A核对表是一种结构化工具，通常具体列出各项内容，用来核实所要求的一系列步骤是否已经执行。选项C：散点图是实施质量控制的工具与技术，不在规划质量阶段。选项D：实验设计（DesignOfExperiment，DOE）是一种统计方法，用来识别哪些因素会对正在开发的流程或正在生产的产品的特定变量产生影响。应在规划质量过程中使用DOE，来确定测试的类别、数量，以及这些测试对质量成本的影响。"
    },
    {
        "id": "350",
        "question": "350. If $850 worth of work is completed，but it actually cost $900 to perform the work， what is the Cost Variances?",
        "options": {
            "A": "$50",
            "B": "-$50",
            "C": "Cannot calculate form the provided information.",
            "D": "$150."
        },
        "traQue": "如果完成了价值$850的工作，但是发现实际成本是$900，成本偏差是多少？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "$50",
            "B": "-$50",
            "C": "信息不足，无法计算。",
            "D": "$150."
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "350.答案：B。见本章公式CV=EV-AC。"
    },
    {
        "id": "351",
        "question": "351. You are managing the project when you discover an estimated completion date will occur after the desired date. What should you do FIRST?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Add resources to the project.",
            "B": " Evaluate the possibility of doing more activities in parallel.",
            "C": " Cancel some of project scope",
            "D": " Explain to the customer that the project cannot be done on time."
        },
        "traQue": "你项目的估计完工日期要比计划完成时间晚，那么你首先应该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "给项目增加资源。",
            "B": "评估一下是否可以将多项活动并行完成。",
            "C": "删除一些活动范围。",
            "D": "告诉客户项目将不能按时完成。"
        },
        "analysis": "351.解析：1、选项中没有提到是用赶工或快速跟进，那么就先考虑一下是否能将多项活动并行完成，所以正确答案B；2、给项目增加资源或导致成本的增加不是最佳方案，不应首先考虑，因此答案A不是最合适选项；3、删除一些活动范围和告诉客户项目将不能按时完成，应该是等评估完成后再决定，因此答案C和D也不是最佳选项。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "352",
        "question": "352. Closure includes all of the following EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Determining performance measures.",
            "B": " Turning over the product of the project.",
            "C": " Documenting the degree to when each project phase was properly closed after its completion.",
            "D": "Updating the company’s organizational process assets."
        },
        "traQue": "收尾工作包括以下所有，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 确定绩效测量标准。",
            "B": " 移交项目产品。",
            "C": " 记录项目阶段何时应该结束。",
            "D": " 更新公司的组织过程资产。"
        },
        "analysis": "352.解析：在项目之初就应该确定绩效测量标准，所以选项A是错误的。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "353",
        "question": "353. A Pareto diagram is used to________。",
        "options": {
            "A": "identify nonconformity types",
            "B": "provide a quick look at the data at a single point in time",
            "C": "determine the effect of a corrective action",
            "D": "determine the equation of a scatter plot"
        },
        "traQue": "帕累托图被用来________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确定不一致类型",
            "B": "在单个时间点提供数据的快速浏览",
            "C": "确定纠正措施的效果",
            "D": "确定散点图的等式"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "353.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.1.2.3。“按发生频率排序的目的是为了有重点地采取纠正措施。项目团队应首先要处理那些导致最多缺陷的原因。”因为帕累托图以其发生频率顺序显示信息，它集中于最关键的问题。因此通过它可以表明，针对不同的错误产生根源采取相应的纠正措施，会有不同的效果。例如，80%的问题产生于原因A，则针对A采取的纠正措施所产生的效果将可以消除80%的问题。"
    },
    {
        "id": "354",
        "question": "354. When would a milestone chart he used instead of a bar chart?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Project planning",
            "B": "Reporting to team members",
            "C": "Reporting to management",
            "D": "Risk analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "什么时候用里程碑图而不是甘特图？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目规划",
            "B": "向团队成员报告",
            "C": "向管理层报告",
            "D": "风险分析"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "354.答案：C。这两种图表的类型都被用在项目规划中。团队成员需要看到细节,因此需要横道或甘特图,而不是里程碑图。风险分析可以利用两个图表。里程碑图代替横道或甘特图用在以不太详细方式进行报告的情况下。因条形图对于管理层太过复杂且表现过多的细节、所以里程碑图是向管理层报告更有效的图表。"
    },
    {
        "id": "355",
        "question": "355. All the following are components of cost management EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Vendor bid analysis.",
            "B": " Analogous estimating.",
            "C": " Earned value management.",
            "D": " Estimate activity resources."
        },
        "traQue": "以下各项均是成本管理的内容，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 供应商投标分析。",
            "B": " 类比估算。",
            "C": " 挣值管理。",
            "D": " 估算活动资源。"
        },
        "analysis": "355.解析：本题如果理解各个选项的内容可以很容易得出答案。选项A、B、C都是成本管理的工具，选项D是时间管理的内容。详见第7章成本管理概述。答案D",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "356",
        "question": "356. A scope change has be approved by the change control boarD: Which of the following MUST be impacted?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The early start date of the activities later in the network diagram.",
            "B": " The cost of the project.",
            "C": " The expected monetary value of project risks.",
            "D": " The number of resources used on the project."
        },
        "traQue": "变更控制委员会批准了一项范围变更。这一定会影响以下哪项内容？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "网络图中的后续活动的最早开始时间。",
            "B": "项目的成本。",
            "C": "项目风险的预期货币价值。",
            "D": "项目中使用资源的数量。"
        },
        "analysis": "356.解析：1.根据术语表对范围变更的定义，范围变更几乎总会导致项目成本（B）的变更。2.如果这项范围变更仅去除了某项非关键线路上的活动，网络图中的后续活动的最早开始时间（A）不会受到影响。3.项目风险的预期货币价值（C）与范围变更没有直接联系。4.如果这项范围变更仅导致资源类型的变更，项目中使用资源的数量（D）不会受到影响。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "357",
        "question": "357. The project manager and procurement manager are meeting with a prospective seller to discuss the amount of reporting that will be needed on the project. The seller wants the contract to allow electronic submission of reports and to designate what specific e-mail addresses should be used for the submission. These contract negotiations occur during what part of the project management process?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Initiating.",
            "B": " Planning.",
            "C": " Executing.",
            "D": " Monitoring and controlling."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理和采购经理正在和一位潜在的卖方讨论项目所需的报告数量问题。卖方希望合同中允许提供电子报告形式，并指定具体的邮件地址。这些合同谈判发生在以下哪个阶段？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 启动。",
            "B": " 规划。",
            "C": " 执行。",
            "D": " 监控。"
        },
        "analysis": "357.解析：1、题干描述说明目前是在谈判合同的具体条款，即实施采购过程，该过程属于执行过程组，所以C为正确答案；2、规划采购属于规划过程组；管理采购属于监控过程组；启动过程组中没有采购管理的过程，所以A、B和D答案的选项都不对；3、此题的场景“潜在的卖方”是干扰项，让考生误认为目前处于规划采购过程组。“实施采购”就是要在这些“潜在的卖方”中确定合适的卖方。答案C",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "358",
        "question": "358. Estimate at completion（EAC:is a periodic evaluation of：",
        "options": {
            "A": "The cost work completed",
            "B": "The value of work performed",
            "C": "The anticipated total cost at project completion",
            "D": "What it will cost to finish the project"
        },
        "traQue": "完工估算 (EAC:是一个对____的定期估算?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "已完成工作的成本",
            "B": "已完成工作的价值",
            "C": "项目完工时预期的总成本",
            "D": "完成项目将要花费的"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "358.答案：C。EAC指的是完工估算。为完成项目将花费的成本即为ETC，或完工尚需估算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "359",
        "question": "359.The total float for a path is -20 (minus 20. days. What may this mean?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The critical path must be evaluated to determine the actual float. ",
            "B": " Project is expected to finish 20 days earlier.",
            "C": " Each activity has 20 days float",
            "D": " Duration Compression may be required to satisfy the project completion. "
        },
        "traQue": "一条路径的总时差是-20天，它的含义是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 为了确定实际总时差，必须对关键路径进行评价",
            "B": " 项目预期会提前20天完成",
            "C": " 每个活动时差为20天",
            "D": "为了准时完成项目，需要进行工期压缩"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "359.参考答案：D。路径时差小于0，说明进度延期，需要进度压缩。"
    },
    {
        "id": "360",
        "question": "360. The human resource department wants to hire anew project manager within the company. They can choose from the following candidate A has good management knowledge; Candidate B has good project management knowledge; Candidate C has solid technical knowledge; Candidate D has general management, project management and technical skills. Who is the best candidate?",
        "options": {
            "A": " A",
            "B": " B",
            "C": " C",
            "D": " D"
        },
        "traQue": "人力资源部想在公司内部聘用一位新项目经理。他们可以从下面候选人中挑选：候选人A具有丰富的管理知识；候选人B具有丰富的项目管理知识；候选人C具有扎实的技术知识；候选人D具有通用管理、项目管理和技术技能。谁是最佳人选？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " A",
            "B": " B",
            "C": " C",
            "D": " D"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "360.参考答案：D知识要点：项目经理是一位通才"
    },
    {
        "id": "361",
        "question": "361.A new project manager is planning a complex hardware installation project. The team consists of 13 people who are experts in their fields. The project manager does not want to micromanage the project. How far should he decompose the work? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " As small as possible because the work is complex",
            "B": " As large as possible because he is dealing with experts ",
            "C": " To 1000-hour tasks because he is dealing with experts ",
            "D": " To about 80-hour tasks because it will make the work less complex "
        },
        "traQue": "一个新项目经理正在规划一个复杂的硬件安装项目。这个团队由13名成员组成，他们都是各自领域的专家。这个项目经理不想管理此项目所有细节。他需要将工作分解到何种程度？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 因为项目很复杂所以要尽可能细",
            "B": " 尽可能分解的要大，因为他在与专家们合作 ",
            "C": " 分解到1000小时的任务，因为他在与专家们合作 ",
            "D": " 分解到80小时左右，因为这样可以减少工作复杂程度"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "361.参考答案：D。工作包的详细程度因项目规模与复杂程度而异，一般不要超过80小时。"
    },
    {
        "id": "362",
        "question": "362. _____, sometimes called risk symptoms or warning signs, are indications that some risk has occurred or is about to occur. ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Assumption analyses.",
            "B": " Delphi techniques.",
            "C": " Risks.",
            "D": " Trigger Condition."
        },
        "traQue": "@362._____有时被称为风险症状或者警示信号，表明一个风险已经或者将要发生。 ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 假设分析。",
            "B": " 德尔菲技术。",
            "C": " 风险。",
            "D": " 触发条件。"
        },
        "analysis": "362.解析：根据术语表中“触发条件”定义可知选项D正确。选项A、B、C的概念都与题干不符。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "363",
        "question": "363. Which statement is TRUE of quality planning? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Quality planning should be performed regularly throughout the project. ",
            "B": " Quality planning is done to compile a risk management plan. ",
            "C": " Quality planning is done only during project planning. ",
            "D": " Quality planning is not considered during project execution. "
        },
        "traQue": "关于质量计划哪个陈述是正确的？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 质量计划应该有规律的贯穿在整个项目过程中。 ",
            "B": " 通过质量计划来编订风险管理计划。 ",
            "C": " 质量计划只是在项目计划阶段进行。 ",
            "D": " 在项目执行阶段不考虑质量计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "363.解析：质量管理计划可以用来识别风险，但用来编定风险管理计划并不确切（答案B），C和D均不符合现代质量管理信条，只有A符合。答案A",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "364",
        "question": "364. The project manager should seek speedy resolutions of conflict between the project and functional departments primarily because___.",
        "options": {
            "A": "conflict impedes the decision making necessary to stay within schedule and budget constraints",
            "B": "conflict represents a challenge to authority",
            "C": "conflict indicates that project management concept is not well understood",
            "D": "the resolution of conflict is a problem to be resolved by the manager of project managers"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理应该在项目和职能部门冲突时寻求快速解决方法，这是由于___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "决策制定对于进度和预算限制十分必要，而冲突会妨碍决策的制定",
            "B": "冲突代表对权威的挑战",
            "C": "冲突说明项目管理概念没有得到良好理解",
            "D": "冲突是由项目经理的经理解决的问题"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "364.答案：A。使用排除法。"
    },
    {
        "id": "365",
        "question": "365. Reserve funds are set aside for use when ______. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "an up-scope of the project requires additional funds to compensate the initial budget",
            "B": "they are needed for the sporadic fluctuation in potential labor rates when a union contract is under negotiation ",
            "C": "anticipated problems have been identified but not completely expected",
            "D": "a fund used when the client requests an up-score for the project "
        },
        "traQue": "在什么情况下使用储备金______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "需要添加额外资金以弥补初始预算",
            "B": "当协商劳动合同时，潜在劳动力价格会发生波动",
            "C": "确定发生了预计的问题但没有估计完全",
            "D": "当客户要求项目范围扩展时"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "365.答案：C。见《PMBOK指南》第五版7.3.2.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "366",
        "question": "366. A project manager spends time determining his company’s objectives and how the project fits into them. This is an example of:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Responsibility charts.",
            "B": " Management by objectives.",
            "C": " The project’s future.",
            "D": " The work breakdown structure."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在确定项目的目标及如何使项目符合公司需求。这是以下哪项的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 职责分配图。",
            "B": " 目标管理。",
            "C": " 项目的未来。",
            "D": " 工作分解结构。"
        },
        "analysis": "366.解析：目标管理关注为了满足公司目标所需要的所有活动，如果项目目标跟公司的目标不符，那么这个项目应该被取消。选项A为制定人力资源计划的输出，选项D为制定WBS的输出。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "367",
        "question": "367.You are working on an 18-month project with a small, co-located team. The project sponsor and senior management are in another city and have requested weekly updates. The customer requires monthly meetings, because the team members are busy with the project executing processes, they would like to reduce the frequency of meetings. Which of the following BEST describes how status meetings should be managed on this project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " During project executing, you do not need to hold status meetings as long as you send the key stakeholders a status report every week.",
            "B": " Once a month the entire team, including senior management, should meet with the customer. you should discuss the details of the previous month’s issues and the current status.",
            "C": " During project executing, it is only necessary for the project manager to meet with the customer once a month to fulfill your contractual obligation. Provide the customer with the status report and copy this report to key stakeholders.",
            "D": " The frequency and level of meetings as well as the format and type of information to be exchanged should be defined in the project’s communications management plan during project planning."
        },
        "traQue": "你负责一个历时18个月的项目，项目很小，而且团队成员工作在一起。项目发起人和高级管理层工作在另外一个城市，他们要求每周进行项目更新，客户要求每月召开一次会议。由于项目处于执行阶段，团队成员都很忙，他们希望减少开会的频率。关于对应该如何控制项目状态会议的描述中，以下哪项是最佳的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 在项目执行过程中，项目经理不需要召开状态会议，因为你每周都会向主要干系人发送状态报告。",
            "B": " 因为整个团队成员和高级管理层每个月都需要和客户开会，所以应该在这次会议上讨论项目上个月的详细信息和近况",
            "C": " 在项目执行阶段，项目经理每个月都必须和客户开会以履行合同条款，在这个会议上向客户提供项目状态报告，同时抄送给主要干系人。",
            "D": " 会议的频率和级别，已经需要交换的信息形式和版本都应该规划阶段定义在沟通管理计划中。"
        },
        "analysis": "367.解析：1、A,B和C是具体的沟通方法了。题目没有提及该项目的沟通管理计划是怎样的，这些做法是不是满足干系人的信息需求和信息发布方式，我们无法判断，不能选择。2、答案D符合项目沟通管理的要求。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "368",
        "question": "368. As project manager， you just finished project risk response planning. What should you do next?",
        "options": {
            "A": "determine overall risk ranking for the project. ",
            "B": "start to analyze the risks found in product documentations. ",
            "C": "add tasks in Work Breakdown Structure. ",
            "D": "perform risk audit. "
        },
        "traQue": "作为项目经理，你刚刚发完成了项目的风险应对计划。你下一步该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确定与项目整体风险的等级。",
            "B": "开始分析那些在产品文档中发现的风险。",
            "C": "在工作分解结构上增加任务。",
            "D": "进行风险审核。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "368.答案：C。编制完风险应对计划后，应将风险应对活动（responseactivities）、应急计划等落实到项目管理计划中，落实到WBS中。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.5.3.1（范围基准）。"
    },
    {
        "id": "369",
        "question": "369.Communications are often enhanced when the sender the receiver. ",
        "options": {
            "A": " speaks up to ",
            "B": " uses more physical movements when talking to ",
            "C": " talks slowly to ",
            "D": " shows concern for the perspective of "
        },
        "traQue": "当信息发送者和信息接收者怎样沟通时，沟通通常会得到提高。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "信息发送者是信息接收者的下属",
            "B": "信息发送者使用更多肢体语言",
            "C": "信息发送者慢慢的说话",
            "D": "信息发送者对信息接收者表示关心"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "369.答案：D。信息发送方有责任发送清晰、完整的信息，以便接收方正确接收，也有责任确认信息已被正确理解。"
    },
    {
        "id": "370",
        "question": "370. You have just finished most of the work on a new systems integration project when the buyer comes to you with detailed procedures to be used to close the contract. The contract included closure procedures. What should you do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Revise the closure procedures after getting management's approval.",
            "B": " Request a change order.",
            "C": " Create new procedures that are more complete.",
            "D": " Assess the quality of the buyer's new detailed procedures, and if they are better than the current procedures, use them."
        },
        "traQue": "你已经完成了新系统整合项目的大部分工作，这时买方来告诉你结束合同将要使用的详细程序。而合同已经包括了收尾程序。你应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 等到管理层的同意后就修改合同的收尾程序。",
            "B": " 请求变更。",
            "C": " 制定新的、更完整的程序。",
            "D": " 评估买方新提供的流程，如果比当前的流程好，那么就使用它们。"
        },
        "analysis": "370.解析：这是考的合同变更的问题应当遵循变更控制过程，先要提出请求变更。在B（提交变更）后，才能D（进行评估），然后A（获取批准），再C（建立新的收尾程序）。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "371",
        "question": "371. A rough order of magnitude estimate is made during which project management process group?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Planning",
            "B": "Closing",
            "C": "Executing",
            "D": "Initiating"
        },
        "traQue": "粗略的量级估算是在哪个项目管理过程组编制的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "规划",
            "B": "收尾",
            "C": "执行",
            "D": "启动"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "371.答案：D。这个估算拥有广泛的范围。他完成于项目启动期，那时我们对项目还知之甚少。"
    },
    {
        "id": "372",
        "question": "372. When should velidate scope be done?",
        "options": {
            "A": "At the end of the project",
            "B": "At the beginning of the peoject",
            "C": "During each phase of the project",
            "D": "During planning"
        },
        "traQue": "确认范围应在何时做?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目结束时。",
            "B": "项目开始时。",
            "C": "项目的每个阶段期间。",
            "D": "计划编制期间。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "372.答案：C。确认范围是为了获得对项目范围的正式接受，项目范围的结果是可交付成果口在每个项目阶段结束时（感在主要里程碑结束时、进行的可交付成果审核包括确认范围。因此，确认范围贯穿项目始终。"
    },
    {
        "id": "373",
        "question": "373.In the following table， which project is most likely to finish ahead of schedule?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Project A。",
            "B": "Project B。",
            "C": "Project C。",
            "D": "All three the projects will be completed at the same time"
        },
        "traQue": "在下表中，哪个项目最有可能提前完成？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目A。",
            "B": "项目B。",
            "C": "项目C。",
            "D": "三个项目将同时完成。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "373.答案：C。对于项目进度评估使用进度绩效指标SPI=EV/PV=BCWP/BCWS。",
        "img": [
            "./images/373.jpg"
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "374",
        "question": "374. While creating the agenda for a status meeting with the team, a project manager receives input from one team member that an item should be addeD: Another team member says the team is not ready to resolve the item during the meeting. After much discussion, the project manager decides to put the item on the agenda as an initial discussion item only. Which conflict resolution technique is the project manager using?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Compromise.",
            "B": " Smoothing.",
            "C": " Forcing.",
            "D": " Withdrawal."
        },
        "traQue": "在确定和团队成员召开状态会议的日程时，一团队成员告诉项目经理说有一项内容需要增加进来。而另外一成员在会上说该成员还没有做好解决此项内容的准备。最后，项目经理决定只在会议上开始讨论一下此项内容。项目经理使用了哪种冲突解决办法？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "妥协。",
            "B": "缓解。",
            "C": "强制。",
            "D": "撤退。"
        },
        "analysis": "374.解析：项目经理采用了让所有当事人都在一定程度上满意的方案，故选项A正确。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "375",
        "question": "375. Which of the following approaches to quality improvement is least likely to produce positive results? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Continuous improvement. ",
            "B": " Increased inspection. ",
            "C": " Statistical quality control. ",
            "D": " Client tracking process. "
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪种质量改进方法最不可能产生积极的结果？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 持续改进。 ",
            "B": " 加强检验。 ",
            "C": " 统计质量控制。 ",
            "D": " 客户跟踪过程。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "375.解析：检查是出现质量问题后进行的，属于事后控制，与另外三种质量改进方法相比，最不能产生积极结果。统计质量控制一种监测、预报的手段，使不合格品在即将形成或刚开始形成时能及时发现，予以阻止。客户跟踪过程，有利于产品的持续改进。答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "376",
        "question": "376.Which type of dependency is inherent in the nature of the work being done?",
        "options": {
            "A": "mandatory dependency.",
            "B": "discretionary dependency.",
            "C": "external dependency.",
            "D": "internal dependency."
        },
        "traQue": "哪一种依赖关系是工作本身属性所固有的?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "强制性依赖关系。",
            "B": "选择性依赖关系。",
            "C": "外部依赖关系。",
            "D": "内部依赖。"
        },
        "analysis": "376.解析：根据“6.3.2.2确定依赖关系”的说明可知题干描述的就是强制性依赖关系（A）。选项B、C的概念可以在以上知识点中找到；没有内部依赖（D）这种说法。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "377",
        "question": "377. The _________________ is a time-phased budget that is used as a basis against which to measure, monitor and control overall cost performance on the project.",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource baseline",
            "B": " Schedule baseline",
            "C": " Cost performance baseline",
            "D": " Project management plan"
        },
        "traQue": "@337._____是按时间分段的预算，用作度量和监控项目整体成本",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 资源基准",
            "B": " 进度基准",
            "C": " 成本绩效基准",
            "D": " 项目管理计划"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "377.参考答案：C。成本绩效基准的定义"
    },
    {
        "id": "378",
        "question": "378. The decision to request an increase the resources for a project is responsibility of the___.",
        "options": {
            "A": "functional manager",
            "B": "project manager",
            "C": "director of project management",
            "D": "customer"
        },
        "traQue": "要求增加项目资源的决策是谁的责任？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "职能经理",
            "B": "项目经理",
            "C": "项目管理总监",
            "D": "顾客"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "378.答案：B。对资源的申请、分配、管理是项目经理的职责之一。"
    },
    {
        "id": "379",
        "question": "379. 你负责一个项目，PV=1200，EV=1300，AC=1000，则CPI？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 等于1",
            "B": " 小于1",
            "C": " 不确定",
            "D": " 大于1"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "379.参考答案：D。CPI=EV/AC=1300/1000=1.3>1。"
    },
    {
        "id": "380",
        "question": "380. The peak point of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is called ________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "physiological satisfaction",
            "B": "social needs",
            "C": "self-actualization",
            "D": "achievement needs"
        },
        "traQue": "马斯洛层次需求理论的最高层次是__________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "生理需求的满足",
            "B": "社会需要",
            "C": "自我实现",
            "D": "对成就感的追求"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "380.答案：C。参见本章激励理论——马斯洛需求层次理论的最高层次是自我实现。"
    },
    {
        "id": "381",
        "question": "381. All of the following are true of project baselines EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": "They are included in the original approved project management plan.",
            "B": "They include approved scope changes.",
            "C": "They are useful in detecting project variances.",
            "D": "They are useful in preparing the WBS."
        },
        "traQue": "以下关于项目基准的描述均正确，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "基准应该包含在已经批准的项目管理计划内。",
            "B": "基准包括批准的范围变更。",
            "C": "基准用来检查项目偏差。",
            "D": "基准用来制定工作分解结构。"
        },
        "analysis": "381.解析：1.基准是批准的项目管理计划，而完成项目计划之前必然已完成工作分解结构。2.范围基准是创建工作分解结构的输出。所以D错。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "382",
        "question": "382.Another project manager in your company is having difficulty managing his project. You have found that he has not used a project charter and that is probably the cause of the problem. How can you help?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Provide him with a copy of an article about project charters.",
            "B": "Work with his boss to get him a mentor.",
            "C": "Develop a draft project charter for his use.",
            "D": "Talk to him about his project and offer help in creating a project charters."
        },
        "traQue": "你公司的另外一位项目经理在管理项目时遇到了困难。你发现他没有使用项目章程，这有可能是问题的根本原因。你将如何帮助他？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "给他提供一份关于项目章程文章的副本。",
            "B": "和他的老板一起给他进行指导。",
            "C": "给他制定一份项目章程草稿。",
            "D": "讨论一下他的项目，并在创建项目章程时提供帮助。"
        },
        "analysis": "382.解析：项目章程的缺失往往会影响项目的顺利开展，考生应该理解项目章程对于一个项目的意义。在帮助题干中的另一位项目经理时，你应该通过交流帮助他梳理关于项目章程的思路，但项目章程还是需要项目经理本人编制。因此本题选D。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "383",
        "question": "383. The three attributes of project risk are _____， ______and_____.",
        "options": {
            "A": "what might happen， who it happens to， and how much will it cost",
            "B": "notification， frequency of relevant events， probability of occurrence",
            "C": "quality， risk planning， total number of risk events",
            "D": "risk event， probability occurrence， the amount at stake"
        },
        "traQue": "项目风险的三个属性是_____、______和_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "可能发生什么，发生在谁身上和产生多少成本",
            "B": "通知、相关事件的频率和发生的概率",
            "C": "质量、风险计划编制和风险事件的总数量",
            "D": "风险事件、发生的概率和受威胁的金额"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "383.答案：D。项目风险的三个属性是风险事件、发生的概率和受威胁的金额（得失量）。"
    },
    {
        "id": "384",
        "question": "384. What is one of the key problems with using crashing rather than fast tracking to compress project duration？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Personnel overlap.",
            "B": "Budget constraints.",
            "C": "Sub-dividing critical path tasks to work in parallel.",
            "D": "Finish to start relationships are modifieD"
        },
        "traQue": "使用赶工而不是快速跟进方法来压缩项目周期时，产生的主要问题之一是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "人员重叠。",
            "B": "预算限制。",
            "C": "细分主线任务以便于并行处理。",
            "D": "修改了开始到结束的关系。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "384.答案：B。赶工往往会影响的预算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "385",
        "question": "385.Sunk costs are ______. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "dollars that have not been invested by are in the management reserve",
            "B": "cost that vary in total depending upon the activity of the project as compared to fixed costs",
            "C": "another name for labor cost since these costs are already budgeted",
            "D": "dollars already invested in the project will not affect the project，s outcome regardless of what is done"
        },
        "traQue": "沉淀成本是______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "管理储备中未使用的资金",
            "B": "项目活动和固定成本之间的差别成本",
            "C": "已做预算的人工成本别名",
            "D": "对项目结果不会产生影响的已投入成本"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "385.答案：D。见本章成本的种类部分。"
    },
    {
        "id": "386",
        "question": "386. Which process group focuses on completing the requirements of the project?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Initiating.",
            "B": "Planning.",
            "C": "Executing.",
            "D": "Closing."
        },
        "traQue": "在哪个过程组完成项目需求？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 启动。",
            "B": " 规划。",
            "C": " 执行。",
            "D": " 收尾。"
        },
        "analysis": "386.解析：本题必须理解“项目需求”就是“可交付成果”，而且必须理解“可交付成果”与“确认的可交付成果”、“验收的可交付成果”的区别。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "387",
        "question": "387. The project team uses various tools during project planning. To determine the primary cause of problems within a process， the team would use _________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "flowcharting",
            "B": "cost/benefit considerations",
            "C": "benchmarking",
            "D": "variable experiments"
        },
        "traQue": "项目团队在项目计划过程中使用了各种工具。为了确定在一个流程中出现的问题的主要原因，项目团队会采用。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "流程图",
            "B": "成本/效益考虑",
            "C": "基准对照",
            "D": "差异试验"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "387.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.1.2.3。“流程图用于帮助分析问题发生的缘由。”在控制质量中，流程图侧重于对已经发生的问题查找原因。"
    },
    {
        "id": "388",
        "question": "388. Which of the following is an example of corrective action in risk management?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Conducting a risk audit.",
            "B": "Engaging in variance and trend analysis.",
            "C": "Performing the contingency plan.",
            "D": "Conducting a risk review."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪一项是风险管理中纠正措施的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "进行风险审计。",
            "B": "进行偏差和趋势分析。",
            "C": "执行应急计划。",
            "D": "进行风险评审。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "388.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.6.3.2。建议的纠正措施包括应急计划和权变措施。"
    },
    {
        "id": "389",
        "question": "389.Determining budget can be best described by which of the following?",
        "options": {
            "A": "The process of developing the future trends along with the assessment of probabilities，uncertainties，and inflation that could occur during the project",
            "B": "The process of assembling and predicting costs of a project over its life cycle",
            "C": "The process of estabilishing budgets，standards，and a monitoring system by which the investment cost of the project can be measured and managed",
            "D": "The process of gathering，accumulating，analyzing，monitoring，reporting，and managing the costs on an on-going basis"
        },
        "traQue": "制定预算的最佳解释是下列哪个选项？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "是一个未来趋势的完成过程，这个过程包括项目期间对概率、不确定性和通货膨胀的评估。",
            "B": "项目期间成本汇总和预测的过程。",
            "C": "是一个确定预算，标准和监控系统的过程，通过该系统可以管理监测项目费用投入。",
            "D": "是一个随时收集、积蓄、分析、监控、报告和管理成本的过程。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "389.答案：C。见《PMBOK指南》第五版7.3制定预算的相关描述。成本预算是要确立衡量项目绩效情况的总体费用基准。"
    },
    {
        "id": "390",
        "question": "390.A task has an early start of day three, a late start of day 13, an early finish of day nine, and a latefinish of day 19. What is the task’s float? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 10",
            "B": " 6",
            "C": " 3",
            "D": " 19"
        },
        "traQue": "一个活动最早开始日期为第3天，最后开始日期为第13天，最早结束日期是第9天，最晚结束日期是第19天。这个任务的浮动时差是？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 10",
            "B": " 6 ",
            "C": " 3",
            "D": " 19"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "390.参考答案：A。时差=活动最晚开始时间-活动最早开始时间=活动最晚结束时间-活动最早结束时间。"
    },
    {
        "id": "391",
        "question": "391.If the optimistic estimate is one, the pessimistic estimate is nine, and the most likely estimate iseight, what is the three point estimate? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 9",
            "B": " 7",
            "C": " 8",
            "D": " 3"
        },
        "traQue": "如果乐观估算为1，悲观估算为9，最可能的估算为8，那么通过三点估算法计算的结果为?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 9",
            "B": " 7",
            "C": " 8",
            "D": " 3"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "391.参考答案：B。"
    },
    {
        "id": "392",
        "question": "392. A fundamental tenet of modern quality management holds that quality is most likely to be achieved by: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Planning it into the project. ",
            "B": " Developing final inspections for quality. ",
            "C": " Striving to do the best job possible. ",
            "D": " Conducting quality circle activities. "
        },
        "traQue": "现代质量管理的一个根本宗旨是，实现质量最可能的手段是通过： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 把质量计划编制到项目中。 ",
            "B": " 制定最终的质量检查。 ",
            "C": " 努力做好工作。 ",
            "D": " 进行质量小组的活动。"
        },
        "analysis": "392.解析：答案A。现代质量管理的基本信条之一是，质量是规划、设计和建造出来的，而不是检查出来的。预防错误的成本通常比在检查中发现并纠正错误的成本少得多。所以选项A最确切。选项B错误，质量不是检查出来的。选项C和D都不是实现质量最好的手段。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "393",
        "question": "393. Controlling occurs＿＿. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "on a continual basis throughout the project",
            "B": "at the end of each phase of the project life cycle to assess its success in meeting project objectives",
            "C": "at the end of each planning process",
            "D": "on a continual basis throughout the executing process and as needed in the other process"
        },
        "traQue": "控制＿＿发生。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在项目各处以持续不断的方式",
            "B": "在项目生命周期的每个阶段结束为评估其成功是否满足项目目标时",
            "C": "在每个计划过程结束的时候",
            "D": "以持续不断的方式遍及执行过程和其他过程需要时"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "393.答案：A。因为项目的变更发生在项目各处并以持续不断的方式进行，所有对项目变更的控制也是如此。"
    },
    {
        "id": "394",
        "question": "394.A project manager holds a meeting with his manager to explain that an activity has been delayed and the project manager will need additional resources to complete the project. The manager stops the meeting because the project manager has forgotten something. What might it have been?",
        "options": {
            "A": " To investigate undoing previous fast tracking activities.",
            "B": " To try to compress the project schedule before asking for additional resources.",
            "C": " To look for options with the customer before meeting with management.",
            "D": " To eliminate float in the near-critical path."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理和他老板正在开会讨论关于某一活动延期需要增加额外资源以保证完成项目的问题。老板突然停止了会议，原因是他认为项目经理忘记了什么。那么，项目经理应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 调查之前未实施快速跟进的活动。",
            "B": " 在要求增加资源之前应该先压缩项目进度。",
            "C": " 会见管理层之前应该寻求客户的意见。",
            "D": " 删除近关键路径的浮动时间。"
        },
        "analysis": "394.解析：1、进度压缩的方法有两种，一种是赶工，即增加资源，有可能导致成本的增加；另一种是快速跟进，即把活动并行执行，有可能导致返工。题干中提到增加额外资源保证项目完成属于赶工，但在赶工之前应该使用现有的资源先进行进度压缩，而不是首先和管理层要求资源。所以B是正确答案；2、题干问的是项目经理应该怎么做，A和C答案与题干问的不相符；删除关键路径附近的浮动时间并不能缩短整个项目的时间，所以D答案错误；答案B",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "395",
        "question": "395. Which of the following BEST describes a project management plan?",
        "options": {
            "A": "A printout from project management software",
            "B": "A bar chart",
            "C": "Risk, staffing, process improvement, and other management plans",
            "D": "The project scope"
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项是项目管理计划的最佳描述？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目管理软件的打印输出",
            "B": "条形图",
            "C": "风险、人员、流程改进及其它管理计划",
            "D": "项目范围"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "395.答案：C。这个项目管理计划不限于一个条形图和项目经理为了完成工作的计划。它包括项目的所有管理计划。"
    },
    {
        "id": "396",
        "question": "396. What is not true of project life cycle phases?",
        "options": {
            "A": " They are generally sequential",
            "B": " They cannot overlap",
            "C": " They define what deliverables are produced",
            "D": " They involve handoffs to other phases"
        },
        "traQue": "关于项目生命期各阶段的描述哪个是不正确的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 它们通常是顺序的",
            "B": " 它们不能够重叠",
            "C": " 它们定义了将产生何种可交付成果",
            "D": " 它们涉及从某个阶段到另一个阶段的交接"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "396.参考答案：B知识要点：项目生命周期各阶段可以按顺序排列，也可以交叠"
    },
    {
        "id": "397",
        "question": "397. All of the following are factors in the assessment of project risk EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Risk events",
            "B": "Risk probability",
            "C": "Amount at stake",
            "D": "Insurance premiums"
        },
        "traQue": "下列选项中哪个不是项目风险评估的因素：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险事件。",
            "B": "风险概率。",
            "C": "损失量。",
            "D": "保险费。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "397.答案：D。保险费并不是评估项目风险的因素。当你决定你会使用哪种风险应对策略时才开始起作用。"
    },
    {
        "id": "398",
        "question": "398. You are in the middle of executing a major modification to an existing product when you learn that the resources promised at the beginning of the project are not available.The BEST thing to do is to:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Show how the resources were originally promised to your project",
            "B": "Re-plan the project without the resources",
            "C": "Explain the impact if the promised resources are not made available",
            "D": "Crash the project"
        },
        "traQue": "你正在对一个现有产品进行一项重大修改的时候，得知在项目开始时许诺的资源现在无法获得了，你最好：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "表明最初资源是如何被承诺给你的项目的",
            "B": "在没有这个资源的条件下重新计划项目",
            "C": "解释如果资源不可得将会造成的影响",
            "D": "赶工项目"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "398.答案：C。赶工和重新计划本质上是在拖延该状况。相反,如果资源是不可用的话，项目经理应该通过表明其后果尽量避免这种情况。"
    },
    {
        "id": "399",
        "question": "399. A“strong”matrix organization differs from“weak”matrix organization in that the “strong”matrix___________。",
        "options": {
            "A": "has the balance of power shifted in the project manager's direction",
            "B": "has project team members with less separation from their functional organizations",
            "C": "has no full-time project team members",
            "D": "both B and C"
        },
        "traQue": "一个强矩阵组织结构与弱矩阵型组织相比，不同之处在于，前者_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "权力平衡倾向项目经理",
            "B": "使项目成员更接近职能组织",
            "C": "没有全职的项目成员",
            "D": "B和C"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "399.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版2.1.3。"
    },
    {
        "id": "400",
        "question": "400. Which of the following statements BEST describes how stakeholders are involved on a project?",
        "options": {
            "A": "They determine the project schedule, deliverables, and requirements.",
            "B": "They help to determine the project constraints and product deliverables.",
            "C": "They determine the resource needs and resource constraints on the project.",
            "D": "They help provide assumptions, the WBS, and the management plans."
        },
        "traQue": "干系人对项目的影响以下描述正确的是？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 他们决定项目的进度、可交付成果及需求。",
            "B": " 他们有助于确定项目的约束条件和产品可交付物。",
            "C": " 他们决定项目的资源需求和资源制约因素。",
            "D": " 他们有助于提供假设条件、工作分解结构和管理计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "400.解析：项目经理决定项目的整体进度（选项A）。团队成员和其他干系人为项目提供输入因素。尽管项目经理的职责是确定资源需求（选项C）、制定管理计划（选项D），但这些都不是最佳的。但是，项目团队也有助于提供约束条件，也能协助制定工作分解结构。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "401",
        "question": "401. During the executing process group of the project, you realize the subcontractors are working with incomplete and different project scope statements. As the project manager, what should you do FIRST:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Check the work completed against the correct project scope statement.",
            "B": " Review the scope with the stakeholders.",
            "C": " Document the inconsistencies to the sponsor, calculating the cost of nonconformance.",
            "D": " Stop work until the scope issue is resolveD"
        },
        "traQue": "在项目实施阶段，你发现分包商正按照另外一份不完整的工作说明书工作。作为项目经理，你首先应该做什么：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 将已完成的工作和正确的项目范围说明书对比。",
            "B": " 和干系人一起评审项目范围。",
            "C": " 将问题记录并报告给发起人，并计算一下不一致成本。",
            "D": " 在范围没解决之前停止所有工作。"
        },
        "analysis": "401.解析：1、工作说明书定义了采购的项目范围；2、题干中没有提及分包商的项目范围出现偏差，选项C和选项D为“变更实际发生”，排除；选项A为项目范围管理知识领域内容，排除；3、此题的场景可明确为采购管理知识领域中内容，“不完整的工作说明书”为干扰项，容易产生“分包商项目范围出现偏差”的联想。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "402",
        "question": "402.The customer wants to make a major change to the scope of work when the project is mostly complete. Theproject manager should?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Make the change",
            "B": " Inform the customer of the impact of the change ",
            "C": " Refuse the change",
            "D": " Complain to management"
        },
        "traQue": "项目快要完成时客户想对工作范围作一大的变更。项目经理应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "进行变更 ",
            "B": "将变更造成的影响通知客户 ",
            "C": "拒绝变更",
            "D": "向管理当局抱怨"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "402.参考答案：B。变更需要遵循变更管理流程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "403",
        "question": "403. Which project management process group normally takes the MOST project time and resources?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Planning.",
            "B": "Design.",
            "C": "Integration.",
            "D": "Executing."
        },
        "traQue": "项目管理的哪个过程组花费最多的时间和资源？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "规划。",
            "B": "设计。",
            "C": "整合。",
            "D": "执行。"
        },
        "analysis": "403.解析：书中原话，“项目的一大部分预算将花费在执行过程组中。”答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "404",
        "question": "404. Which is an important activity that should be done at the closing phase of the project to ensure good team morale? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Reassignment plan of team members.",
            "B": " New training resource plan for project managers.",
            "C": " Team performance appraisal report.",
            "D": " Individual appraisal report."
        },
        "traQue": "为了保持团队的士气，在项目收尾必须进行的工作是？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 团队成员的再分配计划。",
            "B": " 新的培训资源计划。",
            "C": " 团队绩效考核评估。",
            "D": " 个人考核评估。"
        },
        "analysis": "404.解析：根据9.1.3.1知识点可知A正确，需要注意的是虽然此知识点出现在规划过程组，但实际工作是在收尾过程组中进行。团队绩效考核评估（C）和个人考核评估（D）应该在监控过程组中进行。选项B新的培训资源计划：如果预计到团队成员不具备所要求的能力，则要制定一个培训计划，并将其作为项目的组成部分。培训计划中也可说明应该如何帮助团队成员获得相关证书，以提高他们的工作能力，从而使项目从中受益。但是并未提及保持士气。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "405",
        "question": "405. When non-linear scales are assigned to risk impact， it indicates______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "value of the risk impact scales can be 0. 1/0. 3/0. 5/0. 7/0. 9",
            "B": "project team are mathematics specialist",
            "C": "organization desires to avoid high-impact threats or exploit high-impact opportunities",
            "D": "all of above"
        },
        "traQue": "将非线性等级分配给风险产生的影响，这意味着_____。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险影响等级可以是0. 1/0. 3/0. 5/0. 7/0. 9",
            "B": "项目团队是数学专家",
            "C": "组织希望避免高风险或者发掘高机遇",
            "D": "以上都是"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "405.答案：C。采用非线性数值表示风险影响等级，表明了组织希望避免高风险或者发掘高极遇的愿望。"
    },
    {
        "id": "406",
        "question": "406.Which of the following BEST describes formal cceptance of a project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Substantial completion is reacheD",
            "B": " Customer signoff of the product is documenteD",
            "C": " Final payment is made.",
            "D": " Final deliverables are sent to the customer. "
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪项最好的描述了项目的正式接受？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 确实已经完成项目",
            "B": " 客户签收项目产品的交付文档",
            "C": " 最终付款完成",
            "D": " 最终可交付使用成果送达客户"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "406.参考答案：B知识要点：符合验收标准的可交付成果应该由客户或发起人正式签字批准"
    },
    {
        "id": "407",
        "question": "407. During project executing, an accepted risk occurs, and is handleD: However, the project manager notes that the impact was greater than was anticipateD: The BEST thing to do would be to:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Notify the sponsor.",
            "B": " Create a workarounD",
            "C": " Perform additional risk response planning.",
            "D": " Revisit the Quantitative Risk Analysis process."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目执行阶段发生了一项已识别的风险，并进行了适当处理。然而，项目经理发现实际影响比预期的影响要大很多。此时，项目经理的最佳做法是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "通知发起人。",
            "B": "制定权变措施。",
            "C": "实施额外的风险应对计划。",
            "D": "重新进行定量风险分析过程。"
        },
        "analysis": "407.解析：1、项目风险管理的顺序是：11.1规划风险管理——11.2识别风险——11.3实施定性风险分析——11.4实施风险定量分析；2、题干中，已经完成了定性风险分析，也就是实际影响比预期的影响要大很多，接下来就应该是实施风险定量分析。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "408",
        "question": "408.Which of the following is a tool and technique of Close Procurement process?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Expert judgment ",
            "B": " Performance reports",
            "C": " Contract change control system",
            "D": " Negotiated settlements"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项属于结束采购过程的工具和技术？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "专家判断",
            "B": "绩效报告",
            "C": "合同变更控制系统",
            "D": "协商解决"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "408.答案：D。专家判断是规划采购管理和实施采购阶段的工具与技术；绩效报告和合同变更控制系统是控制采购阶段的工具与技术；协商解决是结束采购阶段的工具与技术，是通过谈判公正地解决全部未决事项、索赔和争议。"
    },
    {
        "id": "409",
        "question": "409. Scope decomposition involves subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller pieces to:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Improve the accuracy of estimates, define a baseline for performance, and assist with responsibility assignments.",
            "B": " Provide more activities to assign to resources.",
            "C": " Provide the project duration, provide project control, and assign control charts.",
            "D": " Assist in stakeholder assignment to project activities."
        },
        "traQue": "范围分解是将项目主要可交付成果分解成较小的部分，目的是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 提高估算的精确度、定义绩效基准、帮助进行责任分配。",
            "B": " 提供更多的活动以分配资源。",
            "C": " 提供项目活动历时、进行项目控制、分配控制图。",
            "D": " 帮助干系人进行项目活动分配。"
        },
        "analysis": "409.解析：5.4创建WBS中有说明：分解成较小的组成部分目的是使估算的更精确，追踪项目计划和实际状况，通过责任分配矩阵来分配资源等，因此A是最佳答案。B、C、D都是和项目时间管理相关的选项。答案A",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "410",
        "question": "410. In which the following project phases is the project schedule developed?",
        "options": {
            "A": "conceptual.",
            "B": "planning.",
            "C": "implementation.",
            "D": "design."
        },
        "traQue": "项目进度在下列哪个阶段制定？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "概念阶段。",
            "B": "计划阶段。",
            "C": "实施阶段。",
            "D": "设计阶段。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "410.答案：B。项目进度是项目计划中进度计划的组成部分之一，所以应该在计划阶段完成。"
    },
    {
        "id": "411",
        "question": "411. In a projectized organization the project team:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Reports to many bosses.",
            "B": " Has no loyalty to the project.",
            "C": " Will not always have a home.",
            "D": " Will be less interested in the project."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目型组织中，项目团队",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 向很多老板汇报",
            "B": " 对项目不忠诚",
            "C": " 不是一直都有“家”",
            "D": " 对项目工作不感兴趣"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "411.参考答案：C知识要点：项目型组织结构的缺点，团队成员没有家的归属感"
    },
    {
        "id": "412",
        "question": "412.A project manager of a large project shares the performance information and prepares the progress report. Which of the following methods will enable the project manager to quantify the variances?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Work performance reports.",
            "B": " Judgmental method",
            "C": " Reporting method",
            "D": " Earned value"
        },
        "traQue": "一个大型项目的项目经理分享绩效信息，并准备进度报告。下列哪一个方法能够让项目经理量化偏差？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 工作绩效报告",
            "B": " 判断方法",
            "C": " 报告方法",
            "D": " 挣值"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "412.答案：D。挣值法是综合了项目范围、进度计划和资源，测量项目绩效的一种方法。通过比较计划工作量、实现价值与实际花费成本，来评价项目执行的成本和进度绩效，从而实现量化。注意选项A项目绩效报告时在实现价值分析后形成的对项目的客观评价，是沟通项目各厉害关系人的沟通报告的重要组成部分。"
    },
    {
        "id": "413",
        "question": "413. Truly effective communication_________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "depends on using multiple channels",
            "B": "depenes on selecting the right method for each message and avoiding duplication， since everyone is overloaded with information",
            "C": "can not depend solely on non-verbal signals which might be misunderstood",
            "D": "all of the above"
        },
        "traQue": "行之有效的沟通_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "依赖于运用多种渠道",
            "B": "依赖于对每个信息选择正确的方法并避免重复，因为每个人都面临过多的信息",
            "C": "不能仅仅依靠可能会引起误解的非口头语言",
            "D": "以上全部"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "413.答案：D。虽然55%以上的沟通是非语言沟通，但是人们不可能仅靠非语言沟通保证项目沟通的有效性。"
    },
    {
        "id": "414",
        "question": "414. The highest risk impact generally occurs during which of the following project life cycle phases?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Concept and planning",
            "B": " Planning and implementation",
            "C": " Implementation and closeout",
            "D": " Concept and closeout"
        },
        "traQue": "在以下哪个项目生命周期阶段风险的影响最大?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 构思和规划",
            "B": " 规划和执行",
            "C": " 执行和收尾",
            "D": " 构思和收尾"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "414.参考答案：C知识要点：风险的影响在项目开始小，随之增加"
    },
    {
        "id": "415",
        "question": "415. Which of the following is true regarding constraints and assumptions?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Constraints restrict the actions of the project team, and assumptions are considered true for planning purposes.",
            "B": " Constraints are considered true for planning purposes, and assumptions limit the options of the project team.",
            "C": " Constraints consider vendor availability and resource availability to be true for planning purposes. Assumptions limit the project team to work within predefined budgets or time lines.",
            "D": " Constraints and assumptions are inputs to the Initiation process. They should be documented, as they will be .used throughout the project Planning process."
        },
        "traQue": "下列关于约束条件和假设条件的说法哪项是正确的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 约束条件限制项目团队的活动，假设条件为计划的目的认为是真的",
            "B": " 约束条件为计划的目的认为是真的，假设条件限制项目团队的选择",
            "C": " 约束条件为计划的目的认为买方可得性和资源可得性是真的，假设条件限制项目团队在预算与时间内工作",
            "D": " 约束条件和假设条件是启动过程的输入。应该文档化，并且在整个项目计划过程中使用"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "415.参考答案：A知识要点：假设和制约的定义"
    },
    {
        "id": "416",
        "question": "416. All of the following are ALWAYS inputs to the risk management process EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Historical information",
            "B": "Lessons learned",
            "C": "Work breakdown structure",
            "D": "Project status reports"
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪个选项不是风险管理过程的输入：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "历史信息",
            "B": "经验教训",
            "C": "工作分解结构",
            "D": "项目状况报告"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "416.答案：D。项目状况报告可以是风险管理的输入。但是，当初次完成风险管理时，你还不会有项目状况报告。因此，项目状况并不总是风险管理的输入。"
    },
    {
        "id": "417",
        "question": "417. The simplest form of risk analysis is _______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "probability analysis",
            "B": "sensitivity analysis",
            "C": "Delphi technology",
            "D": "utility theory"
        },
        "traQue": "风险分析最简单的形式是_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "概率分析",
            "B": "敏感性分析",
            "C": "德尔菲技术",
            "D": "效用理论"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "417.答案：B。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.4.2.2，敏感性分析是最简单的风险分析技术。德尔菲技术是一种风险识别技术。"
    },
    {
        "id": "418",
        "question": "418. In matrix organizational structures, the primary condition leading to conf1ict is—",
        "options": {
            "A": " Communication barriers ",
            "B": " Conflicting interests ",
            "C": " Need for consensus ",
            "D": " Ambiguous jurisdictions"
        },
        "traQue": "在矩阵组织结构中，导致冲突的主要情况是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 沟通障碍 ",
            "B": " 相互冲突的利益",
            "C": " 需要统一意见 ",
            "D": " 管辖模糊"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "418.参考答案：D知识要点：矩阵型组织结构有二个领导：项目经理和职能经理，导致管辖模糊"
    },
    {
        "id": "419",
        "question": "419. The project is expected to cost $20000. It is necessary to borrow all $20000 at the beginning of a five-year project at an interest rate of 10% compounded annually. What is the amount of interest that is paid at the end of the project?",
        "options": {
            "A": "$12200",
            "B": "$32200",
            "C": "$100OO",
            "D": "$2000"
        },
        "traQue": "一个五年期项目的预期成本是$ 20000。如果必须在项目开始阶段以10%的利率借贷所有的$20000。那么在项目结束时需要支付多少利息？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "$122000",
            "B": "$322000",
            "C": "$10000",
            "D": "$2000"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "419.答案：A。见本章补充术语中的公式。"
    },
    {
        "id": "420",
        "question": "420. In which project life cycle phase are the risks associated with project integration usually the smallest?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Project initiation and approval.",
            "B": "Project planning.",
            "C": "Project execution.",
            "D": "Project closeout."
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪个项目生命周期阶段与整合相关的风险通常最小？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目启动和批准。",
            "B": "项目计划。",
            "C": "项目执行。",
            "D": "项目收尾。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "420.答案：D。对项目风险施加影响可能性最大的是在启动阶段，可能性最小的是在结束阶段。项目整合管理的风险就是没有能对项目风险施加适当的影响，所以项目结束阶段项目整体管理的风险就降至最低。收尾阶段项目基本形成，改变余地很小。"
    },
    {
        "id": "421",
        "question": "421. The primary driver behind the demand for continual quality improvement is______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "an increase in the number of the projects being worked",
            "B": "widespread public interest in government cost improvement reports",
            "C": " the prevalence of media reports on quality circles and other quality improvement",
            "D": "the need to reduce the cost and ensure the performance of products"
        },
        "traQue": "对持续质量改进需求的主要动力是________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "正在进行的项目数量的增加",
            "B": "公众对政府费用改进报告的广泛关注",
            "C": "关于质量圈和其他质量改进的媒体报告的广泛流行",
            "D": "降低费用及确保产品性能稳定的需要"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "421.答案：D。参见本章持续改进部分相关内容。"
    },
    {
        "id": "422",
        "question": "422. Due to an unexpected employee walkout at a vendor site, Bob’s project was influenced with increased lead time on a critical component. Bob’s company should pay the delay penalty of $5,000 per day of delay. The contract states the vendor must pay Bob’s company damages of $10,000 per day for every day they are late. Bob can hire another vendor to manufacture the part; however, it will cost an additional $25,000, but the part will be delivered on time. As far as risk is concerned, the above is an example of: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " risk retention.",
            "B": " an unknown-unknown.",
            "C": " risk avoidance.",
            "D": " contingency reserve."
        },
        "traQue": "由于供货方员工意外罢工，Bob 的项目受到影响，即某关键元件交货时间延长。Bob 的公司每延迟一天就要支付 5000 美元的延迟罚金。合同申明供货方每延迟一天就要支付 Bob 公司10000 美元的赔偿，Bob 可以聘请另一个供货商制造该元件，需多花 25000 美元，但是可以按时交货。就风险而言，以上是什么的范例：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 保留风险。",
            "B": " 未知-未知。",
            "C": " 风险规避。",
            "D": " 应急储备。"
        },
        "analysis": "422.解析：1、由选项可以快速判断，场景中的金额是有意义的，合同中的供货商对延迟交货的赔偿，本身就是一种规避风险的手段。2、选项A：题干中没有提及采取风险应对措施后仍在存在风险；选项B：未知-未知，题干中没有提及未识别风险。题干的前半部分“罢工—延迟交货-罚金”确实是未知-未知风险；可是再考虑题干的后半部分“可以聘请另一个…”则这个选项就片面了，不是最优答案。选项D增加的资金并非在原估算的基础上增加，所以不是应急储备。",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "423",
        "question": "423.Which is considered the earned value?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Budgeted Cost of Work ScheduleD",
            "B": "Budgeted Cost of Work PerformeD",
            "C": "Actual Cost of Work PerformeD",
            "D": "Budgeted at Completion. "
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪个属于挣值？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "计划工作的预算成本。",
            "B": "已完成工作的预算成本。",
            "C": "已完成工作的实际成本。",
            "D": "完成时的预算。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "423.答案：B。见《PMBOK指南》第五版7.4.2.1。"
    },
    {
        "id": "424",
        "question": "424. A master schedule is delayed for an executive presentation. What information must the PM gather to complete this schedule？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Dates of major activities. ",
            "B": "Key milestones. ",
            "C": "Summary level task descriptions. ",
            "D": "All of above. "
        },
        "traQue": "一个主进度计划由于管理汇报而延迟了。项目经理必须收集什么信息以完成这个进度？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "主要活动的日期。",
            "B": "主要的里程碑。",
            "C": "摘要级别的任务描述。",
            "D": "以上全部。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "424.答案：D。项目经理应该明确在什么时间必须还要做什么？所以应该收集主要活动的日期，主要的里程碑及摘要级别的任务描述。"
    },
    {
        "id": "425",
        "question": "425. Projects， by their nature， require that______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "communications be limited to facts regarding the product， schedule， quality， and cost",
            "B": "communications be closely controlled so that competing project managers will not get an unfair advantage",
            "C": "the project manager be the focal point of communications between the customer， top management， line managers， and project personnel",
            "D": "all project reports are shared externally and internally"
        },
        "traQue": "项目本质上需要______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "局限于产品、进度、质量和费用的沟通",
            "B": "严格控制沟通，这样竞争的项目经理就不会得到不公正的好处",
            "C": "项目经理是在客户、高层管理、职能管理和项目人员之间的沟通焦点",
            "D": "所有的项目报告在内部和外部都是共享的"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "425.答案：C。选项A中沟通的内容不会局限于产品、进度、质量和费用，有时候还包括风险和采购方面的信息。选项D项目中的信息不是对所有项目干系人都一致的，必须对信息和项目干系人的信息需求进行分类，因而也不是所有信息对所有人都是共享的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "426",
        "question": "426. A project manager has just been assigned to a new project and has been given the approved project charter. The FIRST thing the project manager must do is:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Create a project scope statement.",
            "B": " Confirm that all the stakeholders have had input to the scope.",
            "C": " Analyze project risk.",
            "D": " Begin work on a project management plan."
        },
        "traQue": "一名项目经理刚刚被任命到一个新项目上，而且已经制定了项目章程。此时项目经理应该首先做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 创建项目范围说明书。",
            "B": " 确保范围已经包括了所有干系人的需求。",
            "C": " 分析项目风险。",
            "D": " 开始制定项目管理计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "426.解析：4.1制定项目章程10.1识别干系人5.1收集需求5.2定义范围综上答案，B是最先应该做的事。A、C和D都在B之后。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "427",
        "question": "427.To what does the following sentence refer? “The concept of optimal quality level is reached at the point where the incremental revenue from product improvement equals the incremental cost to secure it.”",
        "options": {
            "A": "Quality control analysis",
            "B": "Marginal analysis",
            "C": "Standard quality analysis",
            "D": "Conformance analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "@427.当质量提高带来的效益等于为了保证质量所花费的成本时的质量为最佳”，这句话是指：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 质量控制分析",
            "B": " 边际分析",
            "C": " 标准质量分析",
            "D": " 一致性分析"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "427.参考答案：B。边际分析的定义"
    },
    {
        "id": "428",
        "question": "428. One of your team members informs you that he does not know which of the many projects he is working on is the most important. Who should determine the priorities among projects in a company?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project manager.",
            "B": " The project management team.",
            "C": " The project management office.",
            "D": " The team."
        },
        "traQue": "一团队成员告诉你，他不知道自己负责的项目中哪个最重要。公司中谁确定项目的优先级？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目经理。",
            "B": "项目管理团队。",
            "C": "项目管理办公室。",
            "D": "项目团队。"
        },
        "analysis": "428.解析：题干中描述的是项目优先级问题，这个不是项目经理、项目管理团队及项目团队的职责。同时，题目也说该团队成员负责多个项目，属于共享资源，而“PMO还可参与对共享资源或专用资源的选择、管理和调动”，故选项C正确。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "429",
        "question": "429.Fast tracking means to:",
        "options": {
            "B": " Swap one task for another",
            "C": " Reduce the number of tasks if possible ",
            "D": " B and C"
        },
        "traQue": "快速跟进意味着",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "通过并行任务加速项目进展",
            "B": "一项任务与另一项任务交换",
            "C": "如有可能，减少任务数量",
            "D": "B和C"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "429.参考答案：A。快速跟进的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "430",
        "question": "430.The process of creating a work breakdown structure results in? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " A project schedule",
            "B": " Team buy-in",
            "C": " A project completion date ",
            "D": " A list of risks"
        },
        "traQue": "创建工作分解结构过程的结果是:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目进度计划",
            "B": "团队意见统一",
            "C": "项目完成日期",
            "D": "风险清单"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "430.参考答案：B。根据PMI的理念，项目团队成员一起共事可以达到团队建设的效果。比如创建工作分解结构，能形成团队一致。"
    },
    {
        "id": "431",
        "question": "431. You are a project manager working on a large software integration project involving multiple sellers. One of your key sellers has informally requested a change to her procurement statement of work to account for some requirements she neglected to address. You are relatively certain that the change requests will add time and cost to the project. What should you do in response to the seller's request?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Work with your procurement office to obtain new bids from other sellers on the procurement statement of work.",
            "B": " Analyze the change requests and feed them back through project planning and procurement processes.",
            "C": " Negotiate a compromise with the seller.",
            "D": " Reject the change request and insist that the seller perform to the contract she signeD"
        },
        "traQue": "你是一位负责大型软件整合项目的项目经理，项目涉及很多卖方。其中一位主要卖方非正式地请求变更采购工作说明书，想增加一些之前忽略的需求。你确定这样做会增加项目的时间和成本。你应该如何应对卖方请求？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "和采购办公室一起，从其它卖方那里重新获得关于采购工作说明书的标书。",
            "B": "详细分析一下变更请求的内容，然后将这些信息反映在项目计划和采购过程里。",
            "C": "和卖方协商一个折衷的解决方案。",
            "D": "拒绝变更请求，坚持让卖方按照合同实施项目。"
        },
        "analysis": "431.解析：1、需要重新评估卖方的变更请求后才能做出“从其它卖方那里重新获得关于采购工作说明书的标书”或“和卖方协商一个折衷的解决方案”的选择，因此，选项A、C不正确；2、选项D不利于问题的解决；3、最佳的做法是先评估变更请求的内容，然后再决定下一步行动，因此选项B是最佳选择。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "432",
        "question": "432. A project manager has just been assigned to a new project and has been given the approved project charter. The FIRST thing the project manager must do is:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Creat a project scope statement",
            "B": "Confirm that all the stakeholders have had input into the scope",
            "C": "Analyze project risk",
            "D": "Begin work on a project management plan"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目经理刚刚被分配到一个新的项目上，而且已经收到了已批准的项目章程。该项目经理首先必须去做的事情是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "编制项目范围说明书",
            "B": "确认所有的项目干系人已经输入到范围中",
            "C": "分析项目风险",
            "D": "开始项目管理计划的工作"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "432.答案：B。这个问题表明，直到项目章程创建和和批准之后，项目经理才参与其中。因此，在继续之前确保项目章程是清晰完整不是很好吗？这就是为什么它最好是由项目经理来确认干系人输入到范围中。"
    },
    {
        "id": "433",
        "question": "433.Most quality problems are caused by: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " lack of caring by the staff",
            "B": " lack of staff motivation",
            "C": " lack of management attention ",
            "D": " specification errors"
        },
        "traQue": "大多数质量问题是由下列哪些因素引起:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "员工不够小心谨慎 ",
            "B": "缺乏对员工的激励",
            "C": "缺乏来自管理层的关注",
            "D": "规格错误"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "433.参考答案：C。管理层要承担85%的责任。"
    },
    {
        "id": "434",
        "question": "434.Your approved cost baseline has changed because of a major scope change on your project. Your next step should be to",
        "options": {
            "A": " Estimate the magnitude of the scope change ",
            "B": " Issue a budget update ",
            "C": " Document lessons learned ",
            "D": " Execute the approved scope change"
        },
        "traQue": "你项目的一项较大的范围变更改变了经你核准通过的成本基线。下一步你应该怎么做",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 评估范围变更的幅度",
            "B": " 发布更新的预算",
            "C": " 制作学到的经验教训的说明文件",
            "D": " 执行得到通过的范围变更"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "434.参考答案：B。从英文题干看，成本基准已经变更，那么就是更新预算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "435",
        "question": "435. The policies, methodologies, and templates for managing projects within the organization should be supplied by the: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " project sponsor. ",
            "B": " functional department.",
            "C": " project management office. ",
            "D": " project manager. "
        },
        "traQue": "在组织中管理项目时使用的政策、方法和模板由谁来提供？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目出资人",
            "B": "职能部门",
            "C": "项目管理办公室",
            "D": "项目经理"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "435.参考答案：C知识要点：PMO为项目提供支持"
    },
    {
        "id": "436",
        "question": "436. The testing results for a new computer modulation project indicate a problem with the onboard computer’s sensors. The project manager calls a meeting with the team to analyze the problem. The project manager is involved in:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Quality management.",
            "B": " Perform Quality Assurance.",
            "C": " Plan Quality Management",
            "D": " Quality Control."
        },
        "traQue": "一款新型计算机调制解调器的测试结果表明，便携的计算机传感器出了问题。项目经理召集团队成员开会讨论。项目经理正在实施：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "质量管理。",
            "B": "实施质量保证。",
            "C": "规划质量管理。",
            "D": "控制质量。"
        },
        "analysis": "436.解析：1、题干描述说明问题已经发生，所以是实施质量控制的过程（选项D）。2、质量管理由规划质量、质量保证和质量控制这三个过程组成，它本身并不是一个过程组，所以A选项不正确；3、选项B是项目经理做完目前工作后下一步要做的；4、题干描述说问题已经发生，所以C选项不对。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "437",
        "question": "437. Which of the following is true regarding communication within a project environment?",
        "options": {
            "A": "the project manager must assume the primary responsibility to ensure that messages sent have been received",
            "B": "Effective meetings,a war room,and a tight matrix promote effective communication",
            "C": "If a project consists of 12 people,48 potential channels of communication exist",
            "D": "Most project managers spend 30 percent of their working hours engaged in communication"
        },
        "traQue": "在项目环境下，下列有关沟通的论述哪一个是正确的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目经理必须承担主要责任，以确保发现的消息已经收到",
            "B": "有效的会议，“作战室”和紧密型矩阵可以促进有效的沟通",
            "C": "如果一个项目由12个人组成，则存在48个潜在的沟通渠道",
            "D": "大多数项目经理花费30%的工作时间用于沟通"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "437.答案：B。有效的会议，“作战室”和紧密型矩阵可以促进有效的沟通。选项A，C。D明显是不对的。事实上，保证团队有效沟通的措施通常有："
    },
    {
        "id": "438",
        "question": "438.The project manager plans to purchase concrete for a building construction project.The ______ the materials is consistent among all vendors,leaving price as the major difference. \n Which type of vendor response should the project manager request?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Request for information",
            "B": "Request for proposal",
            "C": "Request for quotation",
            "D": "Statement of work"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理计划为一个建设施工项目采购混凝土。所有供应商的材料质量都一样。只有价格差别。项目经理应向供应商请求哪种应对类型？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "信息请求",
            "B": "建议邀请书",
            "C": "报价邀请书",
            "D": "工作说明书"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "438.答案：C。所属过程组：规划过程组。所属知识领域：项目采购管理。解析：供方选择标准，质量相同仅价格不同，则只需获取各供应商报价即可作为供方选择标准。"
    },
    {
        "id": "439",
        "question": "439. It is crucial that your project team finish your project on time. Your team is using a technique to account for limited resources. You have also added a project buffer before the end date and feeding buffers before each critical task. What technique are you using?",
        "options": {
            "A": " critical path analysis.",
            "B": " PERT.",
            "C": " critical chain.",
            "D": " earned value."
        },
        "traQue": "你的项目团队必须按时完成项目。你的团队使用了一种考虑有限资源的技术，再最终日期前添加了些许项目缓冲并在关键活动上加入接驳缓冲。这种技术叫做:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键路径分析。",
            "B": " 项目计划评审技术。",
            "C": " 关键链。",
            "D": " 挣值。"
        },
        "analysis": "439.解析：1、关键链法是一种根据有限的资源来调整项目进度计划的进度网络分析技术；2、资源约束型关键路径就是关键链。关键链法在网络图中增加作为“非工作进度活动”的持续时间缓冲，用来确定不确定性。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "440",
        "question": "440. A project team is in the design stage of a new mountain bicycle prototype. The team is in the process of identifying which type of frame and material will provide high performance at a low cost. Which of the following is the MOST likely technique used to determine these variables:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Benefit cost analysis.",
            "B": " Ishikawa diagram.",
            "C": " Design of experiments.",
            "D": " System flowchart."
        },
        "traQue": "团队成员正在处于一款新型山地自行车模型的设计阶段，他们正在确定使用何种类型的框架和材质能够在较低成本的前提下提供较高的绩效。他们正在使用以下哪项技术：-普通题",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "成本收益分析。",
            "B": "石川图。",
            "C": "实验设计。",
            "D": "系统流程图。"
        },
        "analysis": "440.解析：1、题目考察队质量管理知识领域工具和技术的理解；2、题干没有提及成本及收益，排除选项A。仔细阅读“正在确定使用何种类型的框架和材质能够…”这句话就可以排除选项A的干扰；选项B不是规划质量的工具（题干中未表明需要进行根本原因分析），排除；题干没有提及生产过程或者项目过程步骤间的相互关系，排除选项D；本题答案C；题干描述识别哪些因素会为正在生产产品的成本和绩效产生影响；3、此题的场景描述正在从事活动所处的阶段，可以定位题目知识点范围。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "441",
        "question": "441. All of the following are reasons project fail except:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Plans require too much in too little time",
            "B": " Poor financial estimates",
            "C": " Planning is performed by a central planning department.",
            "D": " Management has not sufficient experience in project management"
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪一项不是项目失败的原因?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 计划要求在太短的时间完成太多的任务",
            "B": " 拙劣的财务估算",
            "C": " 有一个中心计划编制部门执行计划编制",
            "D": " 管理层在项目管理方面缺乏经验"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "441.参考答案：D知识要点：管理层可以不懂项目管理，但项目经理必须要非常精通项目管理。选项A\\B\\C是典型的项目管理没有做好。选项C，制定项目管理计划需要邀请所有相关的干系人参与，而不是一个部门来制定。"
    },
    {
        "id": "442",
        "question": "442. Which phase is influenced highest by the stakeholders？",
        "options": {
            "A": " Concept",
            "B": " Development",
            "C": " Execution ",
            "D": " closeout"
        },
        "traQue": "项目干系人对项目最大的影响力在：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 概念阶段",
            "B": " 开发阶段",
            "C": " 执行阶段",
            "D": " 结束阶段"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "442.参考答案：A知识要点：项目开始时，干系人的影响力最大"
    },
    {
        "id": "443",
        "question": "443.A project manager should use which of the following techniques to help them improve communication and reduce differences among project team members?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Co-location.",
            "B": " Virtual teams.",
            "C": " Training.",
            "D": " Negotiation."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理应使用下列哪一种技术来帮助他们改善沟通和减少项目团队成员之间的差异？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "集中办公",
            "B": "虚拟团队",
            "C": "培训",
            "D": "谈判"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "443.答案：A。考点为区分组建和建设项目团队两个过程，理解过程中所使用的工具和技术的内容及作用。（人力资源管理）"
    },
    {
        "id": "444",
        "question": "444. Just assigned as a Project Manager to a new petrochemical facility construction project and have been given the completed project scope, you will first:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Create a project plan using the WBS. ",
            "B": " Confirm that all the stakeholders have had input to scope of work.",
            "C": " Form a team to create the procurement plan.",
            "D": " Create a network diagram."
        },
        "traQue": "你刚刚被公司安排为一个新石油化工装置建设项目的项目经理。你拿到了完整的项目范围，首先你要：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 用工作分解结构生成项目计划",
            "B": " 确认是否所有的项目利害关系者都对项目工作范围提供了依据",
            "C": " 组成团队创建采购计划",
            "D": " 制定网络图"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "444.参考答案：B。你没有参与范围定义，先要确认范围是否定义清晰，干系人是否提供了完整的需求"
    },
    {
        "id": "445",
        "question": "445. Network planning（PERT/CPM/PDM.methods___. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "are usually too complicated for practical use on most projects ",
            "B": "require highly trained specialists for effective use",
            "C": "always require computer support to be practical ",
            "D": "are based on flow charts and they allow observation of what happens to the project schedule when changes occur to a task’s start and stop dates"
        },
        "traQue": "网络计划方法（计划评审技术/关键路径法/前导图.___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "对于大部分项目的使用来说通常太过复杂",
            "B": "需要受过良好训练的专家才能有效使用",
            "C": "总需要计算机支持以实用化",
            "D": "以流程图为基础，并当任务开始和结果日期发生变化时，可以显性化地了解项目进度的执行情况"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "445.答案：D。见《PMBOK指南》第五版6.6.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "446",
        "question": "446.A project is seriously delayeD: Earned value analysis shows that the project needs to be completed 10% faster than the work has been going. To get the project back on track, management wants to add 10 people to a task currently assigned to one person. The project manager disagrees, noting that such an increase will not produce an increase in speeD: This is an example of: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " law of diminishing returns.",
            "B": " fast tracking.",
            "C": " earned value.",
            "D": " life-cycle costing."
        },
        "traQue": "项目确实已经延迟。实现值分析显示这个项目需要比现在的情况加快10%来完成。为了使此项目返回预期进度，管理者计划增加10个人到现在分配给1人的任务上。项目经理不同意，增加投入未必能够增加速度。这是一个什么的例子？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 收益递减法则",
            "B": " 快速跟进 ",
            "C": " 实现值 ",
            "D": " 全生命周期成本"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "446.参考答案：A。收益递减规律：随着投入的增加，单位投入的产出，会呈现逐渐减少的趋势。"
    },
    {
        "id": "447",
        "question": "447. One of the engineers in your team performs a presentation to a perspective client about a proposed design. In answering questions, the engineer reveals that she dose not agree wih the way in which this system is engineered during the presentation. What are your opinions as project manager of the engineer, listening to the presentation?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Immediately stop the engineer and do damage control",
            "B": "Ask the engineer to explain the discrepancy and what recommendation she can offer",
            "C": "Communicate an openness to the problem and lead a discussion to resolve the issuse",
            "D": "Rephrase the problem to ensure that everyone understands the various major points,and solicit input form everyone"
        },
        "traQue": "你的项目团队中的一位工程师为一个潜在客户介绍设计建议书。在回答问题时，工程师表示她不同意建议书中的系统构建方式。你作为这个工程师的项目经理，在听了这个介绍后如何反应？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "立刻打断这位工程师，并对损失进行控制",
            "B": "让这位工程师解释其中的区别，并提出她的意见",
            "C": "公开这个问题，并组织一个讨论来解决这个问题",
            "D": "重新描述一下问题以保证每个人都理解了各个重点，并请每个人提出意见"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "447.答案：C。是一个项目干系人管理方面的问题。选项A和B并不能解决问题，选项D使得问题有扩大化、复杂化的倾向，尤其是在客户面前，这种做法不可取。答案C是一种积极的处理方式，使得团队成员能够以一种坦诚的方式通过讨论解决问题。"
    },
    {
        "id": "448",
        "question": "448.The project manager wants to indentify service providers for planning procurement. Which of the following should the project manager refer?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Adertising ",
            "B": " Bidder conferences",
            "C": " Qualified seller list",
            "D": " Previous projects' lessons learned "
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理希望确定计划采购的服务提供商，项目经理应该参考下列哪一项？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 广告",
            "B": " 投标人会议",
            "C": " 合格卖方清单",
            "D": " 之前项目的经验教训文件"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "448.答案：C。参见PMBOK2012中12.2.1.8组织过程资产-潜在的和以往的合格卖方清单（375），实施采购的输入-组织过程资产中包括潜在的和以往的合格卖方清单"
    },
    {
        "id": "449",
        "question": "449. At a minimum, the project charter should",
        "options": {
            "A": " Describe the responsibilities and authority of the project manager 。",
            "B": " Discuss the risks and constraints of the project and the plan to address those concerns",
            "C": " Designate the organizational structure of the project",
            "D": " State the business goals of the performing organization"
        },
        "traQue": "项目章程至少应该:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "说明项目经理责任与权限",
            "B": "讨论项目及计划的风险与约束条件，以明确这些问题",
            "C": "设计项目组织结构",
            "D": "明确执行组织的商业目际"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "449.参考答案：A知识要点：项目章程是授权项目经理动用组织资源的文件"
    },
    {
        "id": "450",
        "question": "450.The work breakdown structure（WBS）used in the classical sense is  a practical \n methodology used for___.",
        "options": {
            "A": "adding activities to the project ",
            "B": "expanding the scope of the project ",
            "C": "developing a responsibility matrix for work assignments",
            "D": "delineating project work effort into discrete and logical sub-elements "
        },
        "traQue": "正统意义下的工作分解结构是一种方法学，用来___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "为项目添加活动",
            "B": "扩大项目的范围",
            "C": "为工作分配完成责任矩阵",
            "D": "把项目工作人工量分成逻辑上独立的子元素"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "450.答案：D。WBS用来把项目工作人工量分成逻辑上独立的子元素。"
    },
    {
        "id": "451",
        "question": "451. A project manager decides to bring expected future schedule performance in line with the project management plan. What is this a definition of?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Preventive action.",
            "B": "Lessons learneD",
            "C": "Scope verification.",
            "D": "Scope planning."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理为了使未来某个进度绩效符合项目管理计划而采取的措施被称为：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "预防措施。",
            "B": "经验总结。",
            "C": "范围核实。",
            "D": "范围规划。"
        },
        "analysis": "451.解析：指导与管理项目执行还需实施已批准的变更，包括：预防措施：为使项目工作的未来绩效符合项目管理计划，而进行的有目的的活动。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "452",
        "question": "452.Two project team members are engaging in open verbal confrontation at project meetings over project issues. The project manager is not able to control this situation when they arise. This situation could have been avoided if the project manager had established ground rules during which process group?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Initiation",
            "B": " Execution",
            "C": " Monitoring and controlling",
            "D": " Planning"
        },
        "traQue": "两位项目团队成员在项目会议上就项目问题发生言辞冲突，发生这种情况时项目经理无法控制。如果项目经理在哪个过程组制定一些基本规则就可以避免？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 启动",
            "B": " 执行",
            "C": " 监控 ",
            "D": " 规划"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "452.答案：D。规划沟通是确定项目干系人的信息需求，并定义沟通方法的过程。规划沟通过程旨在对干系人的信息和沟通需求做出应对安排，如谁需要何种信息，何时需要，如何向他们传递，以及由谁传递。"
    },
    {
        "id": "453",
        "question": "453. A_____is a management control point where scope, cost and schedule are integrated and compared to the earned value for performance measurement.",
        "options": {
            "A": "Chart of accounts.",
            "B": "Balance sheet.",
            "C": "WBS dictionary.",
            "D": "Code of accounts."
        },
        "traQue": "@453._____是一种管理控制点。在该控制点上，把范围、成本和进度加以整合，并把他们与挣值相比较，以测量绩效。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "控制账户。",
            "B": "资产负债表。",
            "C": "WBS词典。",
            "D": "账户编码。"
        },
        "analysis": "453.解析：5.4.3.1中有对控制账户（A）的说明，与题干描述相近。选项C、D都是相关概念但要注意区分；选项B是一种财务报表，与题干完全不相关。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "454",
        "question": "454.A project plan results in a project schedule that is too long. If the project network diagram cannot \n change but you have extra personnel resources, what should you do? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Fast track the project",
            "B": " Level the resources",
            "C": " Crash the project",
            "D": " Perform a value analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目规划的结果发现项目的规划进度要比预计要求的进度表需要更多时间，如果项目的网络图不能够修改，但是你有额外的职员资源，你应该做什么？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 快速跟进此项目 ",
            "B": " 资源平衡 ",
            "C": " 赶工此项目 ",
            "D": " 进行价值分析"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "454.参考答案：C。进度落后，需要进度压缩。快速跟进会改变活动间的逻辑关系，即改变网络图。赶工是通过增加资源，来压缩活动本身的时间，不会改变逻辑关系。"
    },
    {
        "id": "455",
        "question": "455.Market dynamics have changeD: The project sponsor wants to terminate the project because of its uncertain performance. What should the project manager and the project sponsor review?",
        "options": {
            "A": " A root cause analysis and an action plan for the technical issues",
            "B": " Project's technical and commercial goals, viability, and Profitability",
            "C": " A change request to modify the project requirements",
            "D": " Explanations of the process that caused the technical issues"
        },
        "traQue": "市场动态发生变化，由于项目绩效不确定，项目发起人希望终止合同，项目经理和项目发起人应审查什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "根本原因分析和技术问题的行动计划",
            "B": "项目的技术和商务目标，可行性和盈利性",
            "C": "修订项目需求的变更请求",
            "D": "对导致技术问题进行解释"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "455.答案：B。所属知识领域：项目整合管理。所属过程组：启动过程组。解析：根据题意，发起人想要终止合同，项目经理应与发起人来审查项目章程的输入——进行商业论证的审查，并对项目的可行性、目标和可盈利性进行评估。考点：执行项目章程的输入——商业论证、项目选择方法。出处：PMBOK2012中4.1.1.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "456",
        "question": "456.A project is completed when: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Administrative closure is achieved ",
            "B": " Deliverables have been accepted by the customer ",
            "C": " All schedule dependencies have been integrated ",
            "D": " Final project cost figures have been reconciled"
        },
        "traQue": "项目在何时完工：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目行政收尾已经完成",
            "B": " 顾客已接受成果",
            "C": " 所有计划从属关系已经整合",
            "D": " 最后项目成本数字已经核对"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "456.参考答案：A。行政收尾就是结束项目或阶段"
    },
    {
        "id": "457",
        "question": "457.As a project manager of IT，if your supplier asked you to provide a product description，which of the fowling is____.",
        "options": {
            "A": "scope statement",
            "B": "statement of work",
            "C": "project charter",
            "D": "contract"
        },
        "traQue": "作为IT业项目经理，如果你的供应商要求你提供产品描述，你应提供__项。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "范围说明",
            "B": "工作说明",
            "C": "项目章程",
            "D": "合同"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "457.答案：B。要区分工作说明书与范围说明概念上的差异。工作说明提供对产品的描述，而范围说明提供项自的可交付成果和为提交这些可交付成果而必须开展的工作的说明。可交付成果不仅包括产品，还包括其他所要求交付的文档等。"
    },
    {
        "id": "458",
        "question": "458. The need for _____is one of the major driving forces for communication in a project.",
        "options": {
            "A": "Optimization",
            "B": "Integrity",
            "C": "Integration",
            "D": "Differentiation"
        },
        "traQue": "对_______的需求是项目中沟通的主要动力之一",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "优化",
            "B": "完整",
            "C": "整合",
            "D": "区别"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "458.答案：C。项目经理是一个整合者。这是一个关于你作为整合者和沟通者角色的问题。"
    },
    {
        "id": "459",
        "question": "459.The product scope is measured against the ( .,",
        "options": {
            "A": " contract",
            "B": " measure of success ",
            "C": " product requirements",
            "D": " scope baseline"
        },
        "traQue": "产品范围以( .为标准进行测量。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "合同",
            "B": "对成功的度量",
            "C": "产品需求",
            "D": "范围基线"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "459.参考答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "460",
        "question": "460.你正在制定一份项目计划。你已经确定聘用一位对项目至关重要的专家，她的经验对于项目的成功将会有极其大的价值。但是，你不知道她什么时候可以来为项目工作。因此，你假设了一个开始日期。这个例子表明，假设通常会涉及到一些风险，这是因为假设：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 基于应吸收的教训",
            "B": " 可能没有任何先例",
            "C": " 包括一些限制项目管理团队的选择范围的因素",
            "D": " 包括一些被认为是正确的、真实的或确定的因素"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "460.参考答案：D知识要点：假设的定义"
    },
    {
        "id": "461",
        "question": "461. A team member notifies you, after the fact, that she has added extra functionality to the project. There was no impact on the cost or schedule. What should be done as a result of this change?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Inform the customer",
            "B": " Make sure marketing is aware of the change.",
            "C": " Understand what functionality was addeD",
            "D": " Implement change control processes to track the change."
        },
        "traQue": "一位团队成员在对项目增加额外功能后,才向你汇报：该额外增加的功能对项目成本或进度计划没有影响。针对这种变更,应该如何做?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 通知客户.",
            "B": " 确保营销部门了解变更一事.",
            "C": " 了解增了什么功能.",
            "D": " 执行变更控制过程对变更进行跟踪"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "461.参考答案：C。先了解已经变更的内容，再做决定。"
    },
    {
        "id": "462",
        "question": "462. During the project, a team member tells you that a major risk identified by the team has occurreD: However, it is not as serious as previously thought. What is the FIRST thing you should do?",
        "options": {
            "A": "　Increase the quality standarD",
            "B": "　Present this finding to the project team and ask them to verify the team member’s finding.",
            "C": "　Investigate changing the contingency plan.",
            "D": "　Notify management."
        },
        "traQue": "项目实施期间，一团队成员告诉你，发生了一项已识别的重要风险。但影响并没有比之前预想的严重。你首先应该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 增加质量标准。",
            "B": " 将这个发现告诉给团队成员，让他们核实这位团队成员的发现。",
            "C": " 研究变更应急计划。",
            "D": " 通知管理层。"
        },
        "analysis": "462.解析：1、风险的影响改变了，所以需要你衡量应对计划是否还适用。2、A选项与题意无关答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "463",
        "question": "463. The project is mostly complete. The project has a schedule variance of 300 and a cost variance of -900. All but one of the quality control inspections have been completed and all have met the quality requirements. All items in the issue log have been resolveD: Many of the resources have been releaseD: The sponsor is about to call a meeting to obtain product verification when the customer notifies the project manager that they want to make a major change to the scope. The project manager should:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Meet with the project team to determine if this change can be made.",
            "B": " Ask the customer for a description of the change.",
            "C": " Explain that the change cannot be made at this point in the process.",
            "D": " Inform management."
        },
        "traQue": "项目即将完工。此时，项目进度偏差为300，成本偏差为-900。除了一项质量检查外，其余都已结束，而且全部都符合质量要求。问题日志里的项目全部得到了解决，并且释放了一些资源。发起人正要召开产品确认的会议时，客户通知项目经理要对范围进行一项重要变更。此时，项目经理应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 与团队成员见面讨论确定变更是否可行。",
            "B": " 要求客户对变更做详细描述。",
            "C": " 向客户解释在这个过程不能进行变更。",
            "D": " 通知管理层。"
        },
        "analysis": "463.解析：1、此题题干的意思是项目已经进入了收尾阶段，此时客户提出了一项变更请求，项目经理应该怎么做。事实上项目无论处于什么阶段，只要没有结束，任何干系人都可以提出变更请求，可以口头提出，但所有变更请求都必须以书面形式记录，项目经理在采取行动之前首先要了解变更的详细内容，所以B是正确答案；2、A答案在B答案之后，只有了解变更的详细内容后才能分析是否可行；在不了解变更内容的情况下，项目经理不能说“不”，所以C答案不正确；同样，在不了解详细信息的情况下，也不能直接去找管理层，D答案不正确；3、此题的场景是无用场景。答案B",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "464",
        "question": "464. You have just taken control of a project in the middle of execution and need to learn who has approval authority for revisions in scope. Which document provides this information?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource assignment matrix ",
            "B": " Change control system ",
            "C": " Project charter",
            "D": " Client organization chart"
        },
        "traQue": "在一个项目的实施过程中，你接管这个项目。你需要了解谁有权力批准范围的修订，从哪个文件中可以获得这一信息？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 资源分配矩阵",
            "B": "变更控制系统",
            "C": "项目章程",
            "D": "客户组织关系图"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "464.参考答案：B。变更控制系统规定了变更管理流程及批准的权限。"
    },
    {
        "id": "465",
        "question": "465. A project has a team member assigned to the project full time. What is the MOST likely effect on the project if that resource completes her activity sooner than planned?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Lower quality deliverables.",
            "B": " Wasted cost. ",
            "C": " A subsequent activity will be delayeD",
            "D": " Changes to the risk response plan."
        },
        "traQue": "一位团队成员被安排到项目做全职工作。如果她的活动提前完成,对项目最可能产生的影响是?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 提交的可交付成果质量较低。",
            "B": " 成本浪费。",
            "C": " 后续活动的完成时间将被延迟。",
            "D": " 变更风险应对计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "465.解析：1、题干的意思是项目成员被安排做全职工作，而她的活动能够提前完成，也就是说全职将会造成资源和成本的浪费，兼职完全可以完成该项活动。所以B是正确答案；2、活动提前完成，与交付成果质量较低没有必然联系，所以A是错误的；C答案完全和题干的意思相背离，后续活动应该是提前了而不是延迟；活动提前完成，与变更风险应对计划没有关系，所以D也是错误的；答案B",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "466",
        "question": "466. Which of the following statements is true?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project teams should focus on delivering the required levels of quality, not grade.",
            "B": " Low quality is not always a problem.",
            "C": " Low grade is not always a problem.",
            "D": " Grade is a category given to items with the same functional use and technical characteristics."
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪一种说法是正确的?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理应该专注于达到规定的质量而不是等级。",
            "B": " 低的质量并不总是一个问题。",
            "C": " 低的等级并不总是一个问题。",
            "D": " 等级可以归为具有相同功能和相同技术特特征的品类。"
        },
        "analysis": "466.解析：参见第八章前言。项目经理与项目管理团队负责权衡，以便同时达到所要求的质量与等级水平，所以A错误；低的质量肯定是个问题，所以B错误；等级是可以归类用途相同但技术特性不同的产品，所以D错误。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "467",
        "question": "467. One of the advantages of using control charts is that it tells you when to take corrective action on the process. Another important result of using control charts is that control charts – ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Identify the special causes. ",
            "B": " Tells you when you should not take corrective action. ",
            "C": " Show how much the defects are costing. ",
            "D": " Show who is responsible for the defects. "
        },
        "traQue": "使用控制图的优点之一是他能告诉你在过程中什么时候采取纠正措施；另外一个重要的结果是控制图——",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 识别特殊原因。 ",
            "B": " 告诉你何时不应该采取纠正措施。 ",
            "C": " 显示过失的成本是多少。 ",
            "D": " 显示谁是过失的责任人。"
        },
        "analysis": "467.解析：参见PMBOK8.1.2.3，控制图反映了可允许的最大值和最小值，超出规格界限就可能受处罚。特殊原因的定义中明确其是非系统故有的和无法预见的，所以它不能靠控制图来识别，所以A错误，C和D不是控制图应有的功能。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "468",
        "question": "468. You are in charge of a large project involving many people and other resources. You want to make sure that qualified people are doing their work at the right time and in the proper sequence. What should you do? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Use a work authorization system",
            "B": " Use project management software",
            "C": " Hold regular status review meetings",
            "D": " Have daily project team meetings"
        },
        "traQue": "你负责一个大项目，涉及到很多人和资源，你希望合格的人员能够在正确的时间而且按照正确的顺序工作，应该怎么办？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 利用工作授权系统",
            "B": " 利用项目管理软件",
            "C": " 举行定期的状态评估会议",
            "D": " 举行每天的日常会议"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "468.参考答案：A知识要点：工作授权系统的作用"
    },
    {
        "id": "469",
        "question": "469. A particular stakeholder has a reputation for making many changes on projects. What is the BEST approach a project manager can take at the beginning of the project to manage this situation:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Say \"No\" to the stakeholder a few times to dissuade him from submitting more changes.",
            "B": " Get the stakeholder involved in the project as early as possible.",
            "C": " Talk to the stakeholder's boss to find ways to direct the stakeholder's activities to another project. ",
            "D": " Ask that the stakeholder not be included in the stakeholder listing. "
        },
        "traQue": "一位干系人以变更闻名。在项目初始阶段，项目经理应该怎样做才能更好的管理此干系人： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 当他提及变更时，拒绝他。",
            "B": " 让他尽早参与项目。",
            "C": " 与他的老板谈谈，让他接触另外一个项目。",
            "D": " 将他从干系人登记册中删除。"
        },
        "analysis": "469.解析：1、项目初始阶段，项目经理发现干系人以提出变更出名，变更可能带来正面影响，也可能对项目带来负面影响，管理策略的目的是提升正面影响，降低负面影响；2、在干系人管理策略中，包含干系人参与项目的程度。无视干系人和干系人的需求，不是正确的解决问题的方式，也不符合PMP的道德职业准则，可以排除选项A和选项D；选项C不参与项目消除了负面影响同时也消除了正面影响；3、此题的场景描述可以帮助界定题目范围。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "470",
        "question": "470. Which technique is used to examine and document the effectiveness of risk responses in dealing with identified risks and their root causes， as well as the effectiveness of the risk management process?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Risk reassessment.",
            "B": "Risk audits.",
            "C": "Risk reviews.",
            "D": "Variance and trend analysis."
        },
        "traQue": "哪一种技术用来检查并记录风险应对策略处理已识别风险及其根源的效力，以及风险管理过程的效力？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险再评估。",
            "B": "风险审计。",
            "C": "风险评审。",
            "D": "偏差和趋势分析。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "470.答案：B。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.6.2.2。在风险控制过程中，风险审计用来检查风险应对措施和风险管理计划的有效性。"
    },
    {
        "id": "471",
        "question": "471. Which of the following is the most proper?",
        "options": {
            "A": " A project charter is developed based on the preliminary project scope statement",
            "B": " Planning activities will start after the finish of initiating process group",
            "C": " Business needs are documented in the initiating processes,but project objectives are determined in the planning processes",
            "D": " At the time initiating process group occurs,planning activities also occur."
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项是最合适的描述",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目章程的制定是基于初步项目范围说明书",
            "B": " 计划活动开始于启动过程组完成之后",
            "C": " 商务需求是在启动过程进行文档描述，但是项目目标是在计划过程确定的",
            "D": " 在启动过程进行时，计划活动也在进行"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "471.参考答案：D知识要点：项目管理五大过程组是交叉重叠的"
    },
    {
        "id": "472",
        "question": "472.After preparing the probability distribution of cost outcome for a project, the estimate, with a 15% probability of over-run, is approximately one standard deviation_______",
        "options": {
            "A": " Below the mean ",
            "B": " Above the median ",
            "C": " Above the mean ",
            "D": " Above the median"
        },
        "traQue": "在做好项目成本结果概率分布后，有15%可能被超过的估算大约_______一个标准差",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "低于平均数",
            "B": "高于中位数",
            "C": "高于平均数",
            "D": "低于中位数"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "472.参考答案：C。在正态分布图中，加权平均值到无穷小这个区间的概率是50%，加权平均值到【加权平均值+一个标准差】这个区间的概率是68.26%/2=34.14%，那么高于或超过【加权平均值+一个标准差】的概率是15.87%，大约15%。"
    },
    {
        "id": "473",
        "question": "473.A company adopted globalization as a risk-mitigation strategy to deal with shrinking growth prospects in developed economies. During the risk review board meeting, the project manager realizes that the company’s global revenues are not growing at the expected rate. Where is the project manager in the project’s life cycle?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Risk planning phase",
            "B": " Execution of risk response",
            "C": " Control risks phase",
            "D": " Process of closing risk register"
        },
        "traQue": "一家公司采取全球化作为风险减轻战略，应对发达经济体中增长前景缩小的问题。在风险评审委员会召开的会议上，项目经理了解到公司的全球收入并未按预期速度增长。项目经理处于项目生命期中的哪个阶段？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险规划阶段",
            "B": "执行风险响应阶段",
            "C": "控制风险阶段",
            "D": "关闭风险登记册过程"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "473.答案：C。。分析PMBK11.6.2.6.控制风险-工具-审查会：项目风险管理应该是定期状态审查会中的一个议程"
    },
    {
        "id": "474",
        "question": "474.有二个项目，目前的状态分别为：\n 项目1： SPI=1.1，CPI=1.2，CV=300 \n 项目2： CPI=2，SPI=0.2，SV= —200 \n 请问下面描述哪个最合适？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目1成本低于预算，进度符合计划",
            "B": " 项目1成本低于预算，进度延迟",
            "C": " 项目2进度提前，成本低于预算",
            "D": " 项目2进度延迟，成本低于预算"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "474.参考答案：D。"
    },
    {
        "id": "475",
        "question": "475.The engineering department wants the project objective to be a lo percent improvement in throughput. The information technology department wants no more than five percent of its resources to be used on the project. Management, who is also your boss, wants the project team to decrease tax liability. The BEST thing you can do is: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " put a plan together that meets all the objectives. ",
            "B": " have these people get together and agree on one objective. ",
            "C": " include the engineering and information technology objectives but hold further meetings regarding management's objective. ",
            "D": " include only management's objective."
        },
        "traQue": "工程部门想让项目的目标是吞吐量提高10%。信息技术部门想使投入该项目的资源不多于其拥有的5%。管理层，也是你的领导，想让项目团队减少纳税义务。你能做的最好的事是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "使计划满足所有的目标",
            "B": "让这些人讨论得出一个目标",
            "C": "考虑工程部门和信息技术部门的目标，而为管理层的目标召开进一步的会议",
            "D": "只考虑管理层的目标"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "475.答案：C。所有的交付成果必须能量化。管理层的目标不能计量，因此需要更多的工作。这就是说选项D不对。各方都不同意所有的目标(选项B)。所有的目标应被满足，但是它们必须要能量化，所以选项A不对。你需要和管理层进行更多的讨论，所以你才能使这些目标量化。"
    },
    {
        "id": "476",
        "question": "476.To assist in budget control，it is suggested that the estimate occur at the______level of the WBS.",
        "options": {
            "A": "highest",
            "B": "lowest",
            "C": "major work effort",
            "D": "third"
        },
        "traQue": "为了加强预算控制，估算成本建议在WBS的_____层次进行。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "最高",
            "B": "最低",
            "C": "主要工作量",
            "D": "第三个"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "476.答案：B。更细致的预算便于更细致的控制。"
    },
    {
        "id": "477",
        "question": "477. You're working on an internal service project and are in the beginning of the Planning processes. You noticed that specific staff members were named as project team members during your review of the project charter. Which of the following does this question describe：",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource availability.",
            "B": " Pre-assignment.",
            "C": " Staffing management plan.",
            "D": " Virtual teams."
        },
        "traQue": "你管理一个内部服务项目并处于计划过程中，你注意到在你审阅项目章程时发现某些员工已经被指定为项目团队成员。这个问题说明了:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 资源可用性。",
            "B": " 预分派。",
            "C": " 人员配备管理计划。",
            "D": " 虚拟团队。"
        },
        "analysis": "477.审题：此题的关键字为“项目章程”“已经被指定为项目团队成员”，定位问题属于人力资源管理，在进行组建项目团队过程。定位：执行过程组·项目人力资源管理·组建项目团队·预分派解析：1、在项目章程中指定团队成员是预分派的例子。2、此题的场景“处于计划阶段”是干扰项，对选择没有作用。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "478",
        "question": "478. While evaluating the bar chart, the project manager determines that the project is behind schedule. What should she do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Obtain approval from the customer to slip the project.",
            "B": " Report finding to management.",
            "C": " Evaluate the alternatives with the team.",
            "D": " Evaluate the alternatives with the customer."
        },
        "traQue": "在评估甘特图时项目经理发现项目进度落后，她应该怎么做：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "就项目延期获得客户的同意。",
            "B": "将这一发现告诉管理层。",
            "C": "和团队成员一起评估替代方案。",
            "D": "和客户成员一起评估替代方案。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "478.解析：1、项目经理发现“项目进度落后”，首先应通过“绩效审查”和“偏差分析”等工具来确定是否需要采用纠正和/或预防措施。2、若需要采取措施，则需通过“调整时间提前量与滞后量”和“进度压缩”等工具来寻找替代方案。3、通常“组织过程资产”中的“问题与缺陷管理程序”会包括对此类问题的控制、识别与处理的流程与程序；在“项目管理计划”的“沟通管理计划”中会规定负责沟通相关信息的人员。由于题干中没有提到与此有关的特殊干系人管理策略，所以题干场景为普遍情况下的场景，那么项目经理就应该和团队成员中负责沟通此类信息的成员一起评估替代方案并最终形成变更请求。此变更请求通常需提交给实施整体变更控制过程审查和批准。答案：C."
    },
    {
        "id": "479",
        "question": "479. Which of the following information about the project would NEVER be available during project planning?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Cost performance index. ",
            "B": "Benefit cost ratio.",
            "C": "Internal rate of return.",
            "D": "Budget at completion."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项信息决不会发生在项目规划阶段？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 成本绩效指数。",
            "B": " 收益成本比率。",
            "C": " 内部收益率。",
            "D": " 完工预算。"
        },
        "analysis": "479.解析：1、成本管理三个活动，估算成本、制定预算、控制成本，前两个在规划阶段，控制成本属于监控过程组；2、成本绩效指数（CPI）是比较已完成工作的价值与实际成本的一种指标。它考核已完成工作的成本效率，是EVM最重要的指标。CPI等于EV与AC的比值，是控制成本的工具技术，在监控过程组。3、成本绩效指数是由绩效决定的，所以不可能发生在规划过程组，在监控过程组。其它选项为制定预算的参数，属于规划过程组。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "480",
        "question": "480.The process improvement plan details the steps for analyzing processes and facilitating the identification of waste and non-value activity, Which of the following best describes the processes involved in this plan?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Boundaries process, configuration process metrics process and targets for improvements on performance",
            "B": " Boundaries process, quality control, metrics process and targets for improvements on performance.",
            "C": " Boundaries process, connective action, metrics process, and improvements process"
        },
        "traQue": "过程改进计划说明了分析过程以及帮助识别浪费和非增值活动的步骤，下列哪一项是该计划及工程的最佳描述？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "边界过程、配置过程、度量过程和绩效改进目标",
            "B": "边界过程、质量控制、度量过程和绩效改进目标",
            "C": "边界过程、纠正措施、度量过程和改进过程",
            "D": "边界过程、配置过程、度量过程和改进过程"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "480.答案：A。解释：过程改进计划是规划质量管理过程的产物，具体内容见8.1.3.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "481",
        "question": "481. A frequent complaint of matrix organizations is that communications are:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Simple",
            "B": " Open and accurate",
            "C": " Complex",
            "D": " Hard to automate"
        },
        "traQue": "矩阵组织中常见的一个毛病是沟通：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 简单",
            "B": " 公开而准确",
            "C": " 复杂",
            "D": " 难于自动化"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "481.参考答案：C知识要点：矩阵型组织结构有二个领导：项目经理和职能经理，导致沟通复杂"
    },
    {
        "id": "482",
        "question": "482.Your boss has asked you for a cost estimate for the project, but it is early in the project creation process and there is very little project information. In this circumstance, what is the BEST way to estimate this project? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Do a parametric estimate",
            "B": " Ask the team for estimates of each taskC",
            "C": " Provide an estimate of the order of magnitude.",
            "D": " Calculate an estimate using a computer model"
        },
        "traQue": "你的老板希望你对项目进行成本估算，可是目前是项目启动过程的初期，只有非常少的项目信息。此种情况下，估算此项目的最好方式是？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "做一个参数估算",
            "B": "请团队成员估算每个任务",
            "C": "提供一个量级估算",
            "D": "使用计算机模型计算一个估算"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "482.参考答案：C。项目刚开始，采用量级估算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "483",
        "question": "483. A project manager has made a change to the project. What should he do next?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Assign resource",
            "B": "Revise the project plan",
            "C": "Evaluate impact",
            "D": "Request change control board involvement"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理对项目作了变更。接下来，项目经理应该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "分配资源",
            "B": "修改项目计划",
            "C": "对影响进行评估",
            "D": "要求变更控制委员会的参与"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "483.答案：B。在做出变更之后，需要对变更所影响的文件进行更新，所有这些文件都包括在项目计划内。"
    },
    {
        "id": "484",
        "question": "484.When do we need to make new baselines？",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project is behind the schedule and over-running the cost.",
            "B": " When we need realistic data for project to performance measurement.",
            "C": " After we have taken corrective actions and preventive actions.",
            "D": " When there were big changes in the resoureces or when a new project manager was assigned in the middle of the project execution"
        },
        "traQue": "我们何时需要制定新的基准",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目落后于进度并且成本超支",
            "B": "当我们需要项目的真实数据来测量绩效时",
            "C": " 在我们已经采取了纠正措施和预防措施之后",
            "D": " 当资源有大的变化或者在项目执行的中间阶段指派了一个新的项目经理"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "484.参考答案：B。基准是批准的计划，用来做为比较的依据。如果基准已经过时，比较也就失去意义。当需要用目前的、真实数据来测量实际绩效时，就需要更新基准"
    },
    {
        "id": "485",
        "question": "485.PERT is:",
        "options": {
            "A": " The longest path",
            "B": " A weighted average technique ",
            "C": " A simulation technique",
            "D": " Widely used in practice to determine schedule durations"
        },
        "traQue": "@485.PERT是指？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 最长路径",
            "B": " 加权平均技术",
            "C": " 模拟技术",
            "D": " 在决定进度历时时广泛应用"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "485.参考答案：B。"
    },
    {
        "id": "486",
        "question": "486.Product verification is different from velidate scope，product verification____.",
        "options": {
            "A": "occurs during the execution phase",
            "B": "verifies that the correct products have been used",
            "C": "obtains customer sign-off",
            "D": "make sure all work is completed"
        },
        "traQue": "@486.产品确认不同于范围确认，产品确认____。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在实施阶段发生",
            "B": "确认使用了正确的产品",
            "C": "获得客户的签字认可",
            "D": "确保所有工作都已完成"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "486.答案：D。确认范围关注的是客户接受，而产品确认关注的是确保所有工作都已完成。"
    },
    {
        "id": "487",
        "question": "487. A team member comes to you to tell you that there is a problem on her activity. It cannot be started on the day it is scheduled to start. A manager overhears this conversation and reports that the project will be late. Later the project manager completes his own report saying “the project is still scheduled to be completed on time.” Which of the following could be the reason the project manager made such a statement?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The activity has free float and can be rescheduled later in its early-start to late-finish window.",
            "B": " The activity is on a near-critical path with less float than the length of the delay.",
            "C": " The activity is on the critical path but is to be done after another activity that does have float.",
            "D": " The activity has a mandatory dependency, allowing the project manager to place it in the project schedule at any location that he wants it to be done."
        },
        "traQue": "@487.一团队成员过来告诉你，她负责的活动出了问题，不能在预期规定的开始时间启动。一位经理偷听到了你们的谈话并报告管理层说项目将要延期。项目经理在后续的进度报告总说：“项目在进度计划内，而且会按时完成。”以下哪项可能是项目经理如此汇报的原因？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 此活动有浮动时间，可以重新安排它的最早开始时间和最晚结束时间。",
            "B": " 活动在近关键路径上，活动的浮动时间比延期的时间要短。",
            "C": " 活动在关键路径上，但在另外有浮动时间活动结束之后才能开始。",
            "D": " 活动有强制依赖关系，所以项目经理可以把它随意安排在进度中的任何位置。"
        },
        "analysis": "487.解析：1、题干提到的某一活动出了问题，不能在预期规定的时间启动，但项目经理在报告中指出项目在进度计划内，由此可以分析出此活动不在关键路径上，而且此延期的活动有浮动时间，不影响总工期。所以A是正确答案；2、B答案“活动的浮动时间比延期的时间要短”，如果此活动的浮动时间短，那么它必将导致项目延期，答案B错误；活动不在关键路径上，C答案也是错误的；有强制依赖关系的活动不能随意安排其在进度中的位置所以D答案错误。答案A",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "488",
        "question": "488. You are in charge of a project developing a complex product that does not resemble anything your organization has done previously. You are using a resource to develop this product that is in high demand elsewhere in your organization. The project’s timeframe is very aggressive. In order to meet the schedule, only a limited amount of testing is done. Once the testing is completed, the resource is releaseD: The product works fine when being tested, but in production, it performs poorly. This results in a substantial amount of rework and extra costs to reacquire the resource on an overtime basis. Which of the following BEST describes why this project had problems?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Poor quality management.",
            "B": " Poor reporting.",
            "C": " Poor risk identification.",
            "D": " Poor resource management."
        },
        "traQue": "你负责的项目是开发一个复杂的产品，而且你们公司之前没有做过类似的项目。你需要某一专业人员来开发这个产品，但这位专业人员在公司很抢手。项目的工期很紧，为了符合进度，测试部分只实施了一小部分，测试完成后，该专业人士就被调离了项目。测试的时候产品一切正常，但投入生产时就出了问题。这导致了大量的返工，并增加了额外成本，因为需要这位专业人员加班工作。以下哪项描述了可能产生此问题的原因？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "质量管理较差。",
            "B": "报告系统很差。",
            "C": "风险识别的较差。",
            "D": "资源管理较差。"
        },
        "analysis": "488.解析：项目对某一专业人员的依赖性较强，题干描述问题反映出人力资源计划不健全；为符合进度而只实施部分的测试，从而为生产时问题的发生埋下隐患。综合来看，问题的原因产生自资源管理较差。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "489",
        "question": "489.All technical work is completed on the project. Which of the following remains to be done? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project budget",
            "B": " Risk management plan",
            "C": " Staff management plan ",
            "D": " Lessons learned"
        },
        "traQue": "项目所有的技术工作都已完成，下面哪项是接下来要做到的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目预算 ",
            "B": " 风险管理计划",
            "C": " 职员管理计划",
            "D": " 经验教训总结"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "489.参考答案：D知识要点：项目收尾，需要做经验教训总结，以更新组织过程资产"
    },
    {
        "id": "490",
        "question": "490. 你的项目有二个承包商，你的项目要把二个的产品组装在一起，其中一个承包商告诉你：他提供的产品有规格问题，有可能会引起项目的质量问题。第二天，项目就要交工，你应该怎么办？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 停止工作",
            "B": " 不管",
            "C": " 评估影响",
            "D": " 和管理层沟通，项目有风险，要求延迟"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "490.参考答案：C。先评估影响"
    },
    {
        "id": "491",
        "question": "491. During a team meeting，the team has been arguing about the method of integration for over 20 minutes witlhout getting anywhere. The project manager reschedules the issue for the next team meeting. This is an example Of .",
        "options": {
            "A": "compromising",
            "B": "forcing",
            "C": "smoothing",
            "D": "withdrawal"
        },
        "traQue": "在一次团队会议中，该团队对整合方法争论了20分钟也没有什么结果。项目经理计划下次团队会议再解决这个问题。这是—个 的例子。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "妥协",
            "B": "强制",
            "C": "缓和",
            "D": "撤退"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "491.答案：D。事情被推迟决定，这是撤退的例子，参见本章解决冲突的五种方法之——撤退。"
    },
    {
        "id": "492",
        "question": "492. A project manager may use _______ to make sure the team members clearly know what work is included in each of their work packages.",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project scope statement.",
            "B": " The product scope.",
            "C": " A WBS dictionary.",
            "D": " A schedule."
        },
        "traQue": "为了确保团队成员清楚了解每个工作包所包括的工作，项目经理会使用以下哪个文件？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目范围说明书。",
            "B": " 产品范围。",
            "C": " 工作分解结构词典。",
            "D": " 进度计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "492.解析：项目范围说明书（选项A）从高级别层出描述工作。工作包需要具体，以确保团队成员在完成工作的同时还避免发生镀金。产品范围（选项B）并不描述团队成员具体负责的工作。团队成员应该拥有进度副本，但进度表并不反映每个工作包都包括哪些工作。进度计划（选项D）确定项目活动的计划开始和结束日期，并确定里程碑，并不描述工作包中的工作内容。工作分解结构词汇表（选项C）详细描述了工作包。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "493",
        "question": "493. The project has been going well, except for the number of changes being made. The project is being installed into seven different departments within the company and will greatly improve departmental performance when operational. There are 14 project management processes selected for use on this project. The project manager is a technical expert as well as having been trained in communications and managing people. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the project problems?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project manager was not trained in understanding the company environment.",
            "B": " The project should have more management oversight since it will result in such great benefits to the company.",
            "C": " The project should have used more of the project management processes.",
            "D": " Some stakeholders were not identifieD"
        },
        "traQue": "除了几个变更之外，项目一切进展的很好。项目的成果将来要安装在公司内不同的七个部门，而且将会大大提高它们的运营绩效。项目使用14个管理过程。项目经理是一位技术专家，同时在沟通和管理人员方面也得到过很好的培训。以下哪项最有可能导致项目出现问题？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理在理解公司环境方面没有得到培训。",
            "B": " 由于项目将对公司带来极大益处，所以项目应该得到更多的监管。",
            "C": " 项目应该采用更多的项目管理过程。",
            "D": " 有些干系人没有识别出来。"
        },
        "analysis": "493.解析：培训（选项A）、管理监管（选项B）和更多的管理过程（选项C）不应该是导致变更数量增加的原因。此题的根本原因是个别干系人及他们的需求没有识别出来。所以正确答案为D。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "494",
        "question": "494. Determining the physical resources, quantities of each, and when they would be used is the process of:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource selection.",
            "B": " Estimate Activity Resources.",
            "C": " Resource Leveling.",
            "D": " Define Activities."
        },
        "traQue": "确定使用何种物质资源、使用的数量及使用的时间发生在以下哪个过程中？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "资源选择。",
            "B": "估算活动资源。",
            "C": "资源平衡。",
            "D": "定义活动。"
        },
        "analysis": "494.解析：1.估算活动资源虽然没有直接确定资源的使用时间，但是作为其输入的资源日历中列明了资源的使用时间。所以B正确。2.定义活动（D）做的是确定具体行动而不是所需资源，资源平衡（C）着眼于资源的平衡使用而不是确定资源的种类和数量。3.PMBOK中没有资源选择（A）这个术语.答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "495",
        "question": "495. The project is not going well and many changes are being made. Which of the following should you do FIRST to gain control of the project? ",
        "options": {
            "A": "Review the scope of work with the stakeholders.",
            "B": "Create a new change form.",
            "C": "Remind everyone of the change procedures.",
            "D": "Ask management for help."
        },
        "traQue": "项目进展不十分顺利，而且做了很多变更。为了控制项目，你应该首先采取下述哪些措施？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "与干系人一起，审查工作范围。",
            "B": "制定新的变更格式。",
            "C": "提醒所有人注意变更程序。",
            "D": "要求管理层提供帮助。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "495.答案：A。如果变更很多，则青蛙范围界定不完整。与干系人一起，对范围进行透彻的审核将有助于识别存在的问题并可集中精力解决这些问题。"
    },
    {
        "id": "496",
        "question": "496.A cost engineer was engaged by P&T Construction PLC to provide a cost estimate for the first oil field piping project in China without any detail engineering data. \n What type of cost estimate approach should the engineer use to provide an initial cost estimate to P&T Construction?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Approximate estimate",
            "B": " Order of magnitude estimate",
            "C": " Definitive estimate",
            "D": " Feasibility estimate"
        },
        "traQue": "@496.受P&T建筑公司雇用，一位造价工程师为该公司在中国的首个油田的管道建设项目估算成本，但没有得到任何详细工程数据。这位工程师应采用哪种费用估算方法为P&T建筑公司提供初步成本预算？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "近似估算",
            "B": "量级估算",
            "C": "限定性估算",
            "D": "可行性估算"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "496.答案：B。。分析：PMBOK2012中7.2估算成本-引言-量级估算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "497",
        "question": "497. You need to decide between two alternatives. You can either hire a contractor to build one of the project’s deliverables, or you can buy the deliverable from an overseas supplier. Both options require acquisition, operating, and disposal costs that you compare between the two alternatives to make a decision. What is this technique called? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Value Engineering ",
            "B": " Life cycle costing ",
            "C": " Earned Value Management ",
            "D": " Financial analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "你需要决定两个方案，你可以雇佣一个承包商来建设项目的交付成果，也可以从海外供应商那里购买。你需要比较两个方案的获取、运营和处置成本，以便作出决策。这种技术称为：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 价值工程",
            "B": " 生命周期成本 ",
            "C": " 挣值管理",
            "D": " 财务分析"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "497.参考答案：B。生命周期成本。"
    },
    {
        "id": "498",
        "question": "498. Timely decisions directly affect the ability of the project team to meet commitments to cost and schedule constraints .Therefore___.",
        "options": {
            "A": "the project team must be able to make decisions or obtain fast decisions from upper management",
            "B": "functional department should make decisions as quickly as possible",
            "C": "upper management should communicate decisions to the project team at least weekly ",
            "D": "since consensus decision making is time consuming ，provisions have been made for budget and schedule revisions"
        },
        "traQue": "及时的决策直接影响到项目团队在费用和进度均有限制的条件下执行项目的能力，因此___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目团队必须能够作出决策或从上层管理获得快速决策",
            "B": "职能部门应该尽快地作出决策",
            "C": "上级管理层应该至少每周和项目团队交流决策",
            "D": "由于作出一致决定十分耗时，应该为预算和进度修改作出预留"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "498.答案：A。使用排除法。"
    },
    {
        "id": "499",
        "question": "499.Your company just a major new project. It will begin in three months and is valued at US $2 000 000.You are the project manager for an existing project. What is the FIRST thing you should do once you hear of the new project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Ask management how the new project will use resources.",
            "B": " Resource level your project.",
            "C": " Crash your project.",
            "D": " Ask management how the new project will affect your project."
        },
        "traQue": "你们公司刚刚赢得一个大的新项目.项目将于三个月后开始,价值达2百万美元.你是目前执行的一个项目的项目经理.你在听到这个新项目的时候,应该做的第一件事情是什么?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "询问管理层新项目将如何使用资源.",
            "B": "确定你自己的项目的资源水平.",
            "C": "进行项目赶工.",
            "D": "询问管理层,新项目对你的项目将产生何种影响."
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "499.参考答案：D知识要点：先询问管理层,新项目对你的项目将产生何种影响."
    },
    {
        "id": "500",
        "question": "500.Which of the following is included, either directly, or by reference to other documents in the detailed project scope statement?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Scope description, quality plan, communication plan, exclusion plan, and statement of work ",
            "B": " Scope description, project timescale, deliverables, project budget, and exclusions",
            "C": " Scope description, acceptance criteria, deliverables, exclusions, constraints, and assumptions",
            "D": " Project charter, requirements documentation, and organization process assets"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项直接（或作为其他文件的参数.纳入详细的项目范围说明书？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 范围说明、质量计划、沟通计划、除外计划和工作说明书",
            "B": " 范围说明、项目时间表，可交付称成果、项目预算和除外情况",
            "C": " 范围说明、验收标注、可交付成果、除外情况，制约因素和假设条件",
            "D": " 项目章程，需求文件和组织过程资产"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "500.答案：C。范围说明书的内容：产品范围和验收标准，可交付成果和项目边界，假设条件和制约因素。"
    },
    {
        "id": "501",
        "question": "501. While the project is being completed ，management requests a change.What is the FIRST thing the project manager should do?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Comply with the request if possible.",
            "B": "Obtain a complete understanding of the scope of the change.",
            "C": "Teel the customer that a change will be coming.",
            "D": "Ask the team to accept the change."
        },
        "traQue": "在完成项目过程中，管理层提出一项变更。项目经理应该做到第一件事是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "如果可能，服从变更。",
            "B": "对变更范围获得全面的了解。",
            "C": "告诉客户，将要发生变更。",
            "D": "要求团队接受变更。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "501.答案：B。首先要了解变更范围，以便对变更影响进行评估。之后，将方案提交CCB。确定是否将变更及其影响包含在项目内。"
    },
    {
        "id": "502",
        "question": "502. Of the four types of risk inherent in project management， which one will have the most lasting effect from the customer's perspective if not managed well?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Scope risk.",
            "B": "Schedule risk.",
            "C": "Cost risk.",
            "D": "Quality risk."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目管理的四种固有风险类型中，如果没有管理好，那么从客户的角度来看，哪一个将会造成最长久的影响？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "范围风险。",
            "B": "进度风险。",
            "C": "费用风险。",
            "D": "质量风险，"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "502.答案：D。参见本章质量管理与其他知识领域关系相关内容。"
    },
    {
        "id": "503",
        "question": "503.Your project's primary constraint is quality. In order to make certain the project team members don't feel too pressed for time and to avoid schedule risk, you decide to use which of the following estimate activity durations tools?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Expert judgment",
            "B": " Qualitatively based durations ",
            "C": " Reserve analysis",
            "D": " Analogous estimating"
        },
        "traQue": "质量是你项目的主要限制。为了不使项目小组成员对时间感到有太大的压力，并避免进度延误的风险，你决定采用下列哪种估算活动持续时间的工具？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 专家判断",
            "B": " 基于定性的历时",
            "C": " 储备分析",
            "D": " 类比估算"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "503.参考答案：C。“为了不使项目小组成员对时间感到有太大的压力，并避免进度延误的风险”--应该多一些缓冲，即储备。"
    },
    {
        "id": "504",
        "question": "504. The project sponsor decided to interrupt funding for your project. You should？",
        "options": {
            "A": " Stop work immediately and release all resources.",
            "B": " Decrease team size",
            "C": " Start closing the project.",
            "D": " Remove non-critical tasks."
        },
        "traQue": "项目发起人决定中断你的项目的资金，你应该？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 马上停止工作，并释放所有资源",
            "B": " 缩小团队规模",
            "C": " 开始项目收尾",
            "D": " 删除非关键任务"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "504.参考答案：C知识要点：发起人中断资金提供，就开始项目收尾"
    },
    {
        "id": "505",
        "question": "505. You have received estimates for one of your project tasks as follows: The pessimistic estimate is 24 days, the optimistic estimate is 18 days, and the most likely estimate is 20 days. What is the standard deviation? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 1 ",
            "B": " 0.33 ",
            "C": " 0.67 ",
            "D": " 1.5 "
        },
        "traQue": "你收到项目任务的估算如下，最悲观24天，最乐观18天，最可能20天，一个标准差是多少？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 1 ",
            "B": " 0.33 ",
            "C": " 0.67 ",
            "D": " 1.5"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "505.参考答案：A。"
    },
    {
        "id": "506",
        "question": "506. During project executing, the project manager is spending a lot of time solving problems that arise. It would be BETTER for the project manager to transfer his efforts to:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Having the team solve the problems, thus freeing his time to hold more meetings.",
            "B": " Executing the project management plan and making sure the quality management plan is viable.",
            "C": " Identifying additional risks and following the risk management process.",
            "D": " Performing sensitivity analysis on past problems and transferring them to other projects."
        },
        "traQue": "项目实施过程中，项目经理把主要时间放在解决问题上。其实，项目经理应该把精力转移到：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "让团队成员处理发生的问题，这样自己就会有很多时间来召开会议。",
            "B": "实施项目管理计划，并确保质量管理计划的可行性。",
            "C": "识别额外的风险，遵循风险管理程序。",
            "D": "实施敏感性分析，并将问题转移到其它项目上。"
        },
        "analysis": "506.解析：项目经理不需要把精力放在开会上，频繁的开会只会浪费项目的时间（选项A）。项目经理的角色是指导和控制，并不是直接的实施管理计划（选项B）。敏感性分析（选项D）在实施定量风险分析时已经完成了，现在是控制风险阶段。只有选项C应该解决问题的根本原因，在监控风险的时候要识别额外的风险，遵循风险管理程序。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "507",
        "question": "507. Allocation of a contingency amount， development of alternative options and changing project scope are examples of ______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "contingency plans",
            "B": "passive risk acceptance",
            "C": "fallback plans",
            "D": "risk transference"
        },
        "traQue": "分配应急储备、准备替代方案和变更项目范围是以下____的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "应急计划",
            "B": "被动接受风险",
            "C": "弹回计划",
            "D": "风险转移"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "507.答案：C。当风险发生并且首要应对措施被证明不合适的情况下，使用弹回计划。弹回计划包括分配应急储备、准备替代方案和变更项目范围。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.5.2，“可以制定弹回计划，以便在所选策略无效或发生已接受的风险时加以实施。”"
    },
    {
        "id": "508",
        "question": "508. Determining the physical resources, quantities of each, and when they would be used is the process of:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource selection.",
            "B": " Estimate Activity Resources.",
            "C": " Resource Leveling.",
            "D": " Define Activities."
        },
        "traQue": "确定使用何种物质资源、使用的数量及使用的时间发生在以下哪个过程中？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 资源选择。",
            "B": " 估算活动资源。",
            "C": " 资源平衡。",
            "D": " 定义活动。"
        },
        "analysis": "508.解析：这几个选项非常相似，首先看一下对“控制范围”的描述，就能排除选项A和D。然后再看一下对“实施整体变更控制”的描述，选项C的描述部分正确，部分错误。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "509",
        "question": "509. A project manager is putting her project control system in place. After a few meetings with others, she realizes that there are few effective measures of progress that can be used on the project. If you were to advise her, what would be the BEST thing the project manager can plan to do to control the project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Emphasize the creation of milestones.",
            "B": " Add more people to the project team to help control it.",
            "C": " Have meetings every week versus every month.",
            "D": " Break the project into phases."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在实施她的项目控制系统，几次会议之后她发现，只有少数几个衡量措施是有效的。如果让你给项目经理提意见，你觉得以下哪项可以有效控制项目？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 强调制定项目里程碑的重要性。",
            "B": " 为项目增加更多的人以帮助控制项目。",
            "C": " 召开例会的频率从每月更改到每周。",
            "D": " 将项目分成不同的阶段。"
        },
        "analysis": "509.解析：为项目增加人员（选项B）必定会增加项目成本，会使成本超支。增加开会频率（选项C）也会减少实际项目的控制时间，也会让降低开会的效率，浪费项目资源。选项D项目的阶段范围很广，包含的东西非常之多，不易量化和直接观察到效果。里程碑是控制项目的有效方法，能够衡量项目尽力是否在预算和进度内完成项目指标。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "510",
        "question": "510.A project manager is scheduling a project where the performing organization has currently many projects and there are serious resource conflicts among other projects.In this environment, which tool is the least effective?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Critical Chain Method",
            "B": " Reverse resource allocation",
            "C": " CPM",
            "D": " Simulation"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在安排一个项目进度，与此同时公司有几个同时进行的项目，并且该项目与其他项目之间存在着严重的资源冲突，在此情形下，哪个工具最无效？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键链方法",
            "B": " 储备资源分配",
            "C": " 关键路径法",
            "D": " 模拟"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "510.参考答案：C。关键路径不考虑资源制约。"
    },
    {
        "id": "511",
        "question": "511. The project quality assurance characterizes the followings except ________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "assessing overall project performance",
            "B": "checking the quality of specific project deliverables",
            "C": "provided to the project management team",
            "D": "provided to the project sponsor"
        },
        "traQue": "项目质量保证不以下列________为特性。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "评价整体项目绩效",
            "B": "检查项目特定可交付成果的质量",
            "C": "提供给项目管理团队",
            "D": "提供给项目发起人"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "511.答案：B。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.2“实施质量保证是审计质量要求和控制质量测量结果，确保采用合理的质量标准和操作性定义的过程。”“控制质量是监督并记录质量活动执行结果，以便评估绩效，并推荐必要的变更过程。通过控制质量活动，可识别造成过程低效或产品质量低劣的原因，并建议和/或采取措施来消除这些原因。”检查特定的项目结果是控制质量而不是质量保证的特征。质量保证支持可以提供给项目团队、实施组织的管理层、客户、发起人或组织外的利害相关者。"
    },
    {
        "id": "512",
        "question": "512. Workarounds are determined in which risk management process?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Risk identification.",
            "B": "Quantitative risk analysis.",
            "C": "Risk response planning.",
            "D": "Control Risks."
        },
        "traQue": "权变措施是在风险管理的哪个阶段确定的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "风险识别。",
            "B": "定量风险分析。",
            "C": "风险应对规划。",
            "D": "控制风险。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "512.答案：D。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.6.3.2。推荐的纠正措施包括应急计划或权变措施。权变措施是事先未经计划的，用于在风险控制过程中（而不是计划编制过程中）应对那些事先没有识别出的风险或被分理处接受的风险。"
    },
    {
        "id": "513",
        "question": "513.Integration is done by:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Senior management ",
            "B": " Project team member",
            "C": " Project management consultant ",
            "D": " Project manager"
        },
        "traQue": "整合由__________来做。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 高级管理层",
            "B": " 项目队伍成员",
            "C": " 项目管理顾问",
            "D": " 项目经理"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "513.参考答案：D知识要点：项目经理负责整合管理"
    },
    {
        "id": "514",
        "question": "514. The project manager is working to clearly describe the level of involvement expected from everyone involved in the project in order to prevent rework, conflict and coordination problems. Which of the following best describes the project manager’s efforts?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Integration management,control,communications planning",
            "B": "Smoothing,control,goodwill,gold plating. ",
            "C": "Velidate Scope,quality control,execution. ",
            "D": "Risk assessment,scheduling,lessons learned,stakeholder management. "
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在致力于明确描述参与项目的每个人的预期参与程度，以便防止返工、冲突和协调问题。下列哪项可以最恰当地描述项目经理的工作？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "综合管理、控制、沟通",
            "B": "缓和、控制、商誉、镀金",
            "C": "确认范围、质量控制、执行",
            "D": "风险评估、进度制定、经验教训、项目干系人的管理"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "514.答案：A。协调与综合管理相关，预防返工是控制的内容，冲突与沟通相关。"
    },
    {
        "id": "515",
        "question": "515. In the strong and weak matrix structures, the balance of power may be shifted to either the project manager of functional manager by changing the:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Levels at which the project and the participating functional managers report",
            "B": " Support provided to the project and functional managers from top management ",
            "C": " Physical distances between the people involved in the project",
            "D": " All the above"
        },
        "traQue": "在强矩阵与弱矩阵结构中，权力均势可以通过改变（ .转移到项目经理或职能经理。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目经理及参与项目的职能经理的报告级别",
            "B": "高层管理者对项目经理与职能经理的支持",
            "C": "项目所涉及人员在空间上的距离 ",
            "D": "上述所有选项"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "515.参考答案：D知识要点：强、弱、平衡矩阵组织中划分的依据，是项目经理与职能经理的权力大小"
    },
    {
        "id": "516",
        "question": "516. These two processes in the Controlling process group are performed in parallel to assure correctness and acceptance of the work. Which are they? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Quality Assurance and Validate Scope",
            "B": " Quality Assurance and Control Scope ",
            "C": " Quality Control and Validate Scope ",
            "D": " Quality Control and Control Scope "
        },
        "traQue": "在控制过程中有两个过程同步进行以保证工作的正确性和验收，这两个过程分别是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 质量保证和确认范围",
            "B": " 质量保证和控制范围",
            "C": " 质量控制和确认范围 ",
            "D": " 质量控制和控制范围"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "516.参考答案：C。质量控制和确认范围的区别。"
    },
    {
        "id": "517",
        "question": "517. There comes a point, a quality level, where spending more money on improving the product or service equals the extra revenue generated by doing so. This is known as: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Payback",
            "B": " Marginal analysis",
            "C": " Product (or service. equilibrium",
            "D": " Zero tolerance"
        },
        "traQue": "有一个质量水平点，达到后，用于改善产品或服务的成本刚好等于通过质量改善所产生的收益。这是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 回收期",
            "B": " 边际分析",
            "C": " 产品平衡",
            "D": " 零容限"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "517.参考答案：B。边际分析的定义"
    },
    {
        "id": "518",
        "question": "518. A project manager may use_____to make sure the team members clearly know what work is included in each of their work package.",
        "options": {
            "A": "The project scope statement",
            "B": "The porduct scope",
            "C": "The WBS dictionary",
            "D": "The schedule"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目经理可以使用_______来确定团队成员清楚地知道各自的工作包里包含有什么工作。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目的范围说明书",
            "B": "产品范围",
            "C": "工作分解结构词典",
            "D": "进度计划"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "518.答案：C。项目范围说明书在一个高级基础上描述了工作。工作包需要具体以使团队成员不需要镀金就能完成他们的工作。产品范围不是告诉团队成员分配给他们什么工作。团队应该有一份进度计划，但一个进度计划不告诉他们在各自的工作包里包含有什么工作。工作包是在WBS词典中的描写的。注意:不要把WBS词典作为一个条款的词典。"
    },
    {
        "id": "519",
        "question": "519. Gantt charts are great for___. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "showing task relationships",
            "B": "tracking actual versus planned",
            "C": "good communications with the customers，management，and project team",
            "D": "B and C"
        },
        "traQue": "甘特图擅长于___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "表明任务关系",
            "B": "跟踪实际和计划情况",
            "C": "和顾客，管理层和项目团队之间的良好沟通",
            "D": "B和C"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "519.答案：D。见《PMBOK指南》第五版6.6.3.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "520",
        "question": "520. Which of the following represents the estimated value of the work actually accomplished? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Earned value (EV)",
            "B": " Planned value (PV)",
            "C": " Actual cost (AC)",
            "D": " Cost variance (CV)"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪项是实际完成工作的估计价值？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 挣值(EV)",
            "B": " 计划值(PV)",
            "C": " 实际成本(AC",
            "D": " 成本偏差(CV)"
        },
        "analysis": "520.解析：1.正确答案是选项A。但7.4.2.1知识点中并没有明确说挣值（EV）是估计价值，这就要将其与实际成本结合进行理解---实际成本是“实际发生并记录在案的”，而挣值是用“分配给该工作的预算来表示”，预算本身就是一种估算，也就是题干中的“估计价值”；2.计划值（PV）针对预定的工作；实际成本是记录在案的成本；成本偏差是挣值与实际成本的差值。所以选项B，C，D都不合题意。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "521",
        "question": "521.The project scope is measured against the____，while the product scope is measured against the____.",
        "options": {
            "A": "plan，requirements",
            "B": "requirements，measure of success",
            "C": "scope baseline，scope definition",
            "D": "contract，verification"
        },
        "traQue": "项目范围是参考项目____测量的，而产品范围是参考产品____测量的。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "计划，需求",
            "B": "需求，成功的衡量",
            "C": "范围基线，定义范围",
            "D": "合同，核实"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "521.答案:A。参见本章概念叙述部分。"
    },
    {
        "id": "522",
        "question": "522.Which characteristic distinguishes the network diagram from the Gantt chart?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Critical dependencies ",
            "B": "Few resources ",
            "C": "Critical dates ",
            "D": "Key milestones "
        },
        "traQue": "何种特性将网络图与甘特图表区别开？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键依赖关系",
            "B": " 为数不多的资源",
            "C": " 关键日期",
            "D": " 重要里程"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "522.参考答案：A。网络图有逻辑关系，甘特图没有逻辑关系。"
    },
    {
        "id": "523",
        "question": "523. Which of the follwing is CORRECT in regard to the Control Scope process?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Effctive scope definition can lead to a more complete project scope statement",
            "B": "The Control Scope process must be done before scope planning",
            "C": "The Control Scope process must be integrated with other control processes",
            "D": "Controlling the schedule is the most effective way of contrlling scope"
        },
        "traQue": "关于控制范围的过程下面哪个选项是正确的?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "有效范围定义会导致一个更完整的项目范围声明。",
            "B": "控制范围过程必须在范围规划之前完成。",
            "C": "控制范围必须与其他控制流程集成在一起。",
            "D": "控制进度是控制范围最有效的方式。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "523.答案：C。虽然有效的范围定义会使项目范围说明更完整，这个说法是正确的，但这不能成为答案，因为它与控制不相关。范围计划发生在控制范围的过程之前，而非之后。控制进度并不是控制范围最好的方式，所以这也不是最好的答案。控制流程不是单独作用的。对某一方面的变更很可能会影响其他方面。因此，与其他控制过程整合控制过程范围的需求是最好的回答。"
    },
    {
        "id": "524",
        "question": "524. You are managing a six-month project and have held bi-weekly meetings with your project stakeholders. After five-and-a-half months of work, the project is on schedule and budget, but the stakeholders are not satisfied with the deliverables. This situation will delay the project completion by one month. The MOST important process that could have prevented this situation is:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Monitor and Control Risks.",
            "B": " Control Schedule.",
            "C": " Define Scope.",
            "D": " Control Scope."
        },
        "traQue": "你正在管理一个历时六个月的项目，而且每两周要和项目干系人召开状态会议。工作完成五个半月后，项目的进度和预算均在计划内，但干系人对可交付成果并不满意。这样会导致项目延期一个月完工。阻止此类问题发生的最有效的过程是哪个？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "控制风险。",
            "B": "控制进度。",
            "C": "定义范围。",
            "D": "控制范围。"
        },
        "analysis": "524.解析：干系人对项目的可交付成果不满意说明双方对可交付成果的理解不一致，需要在定义可交付成果时对此进行明确说明，也就是在定义范围时就需要明确可交付成果，以便双方对可交付成果的认识达成一致。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "525",
        "question": "525. in dealing with the customer，the project manager should _______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "be honest to the extent that the project organization is prompted from litigation",
            "B": "strive to develop a friendly，honest and open relationship",
            "C": "try to maximize profits by encouraging scope creep",
            "D": "do whateveer it takes to satisfy the customer and win additional business"
        },
        "traQue": "在处理有关客户的问题上，项目经理应该______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "对公众诚实，以面对来自诉讼的质询",
            "B": "努力建立一种友好的、诚实的和开放的关系",
            "C": "通过扩展范围使收益最大化",
            "D": "为满足客户可以做任何事，并以此赢得更多的生意"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "525.答案：B。项目经理与客户之间应该是一种坦诚、开放的关系，并以此来赢得下一次的机会。"
    },
    {
        "id": "526",
        "question": "526. Jake purchases a piece of equipment in Match，asking to have it be delivered in ten days. Since it is past mid-month，Jake knows the debate will not invoice him for approximately 45 days.How should he record this expenditure in his monthly management accruals vs. Budget reports for March?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Include the cost of the equipment because it is a known，committed expense in Match.",
            "B": "Do not include the cost of the equipment because it will not be delivered in Match.",
            "C": "Recognize the expense in May when the invoice arrives.",
            "D": "Recognize the expense when the invoice is processed in June."
        },
        "traQue": "@526.Jake 在3月购买了一件货物并要求在10天内送达。由于现在已经是3月下旬，Jake知道无法在45天内收到发票。他应该在3月财务报告中如何记录这笔开销？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "因为这是三月份已知且确认的开销，所以必须包括在报告内。",
            "B": "不包括这笔开销，因为在3月货物没有运达。",
            "C": "在5月货物运达时再作确认。",
            "D": "在6月货物运达时再作确认。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "526.答案：A。成本发生时记录。"
    },
    {
        "id": "527",
        "question": "527. The standard deviation for the activity is___. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "1.66 days",
            "B": "5.00 days",
            "C": "3.88 days",
            "D": "6.05 days"
        },
        "traQue": "活动的标准方差是___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "1.66天",
            "B": "5.00天",
            "C": "3.88天",
            "D": "6.05天"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "527.答案：A。（20-10）/6=1.66。"
    },
    {
        "id": "528",
        "question": "528. What does a negative Schedule Variance indicate?",
        "options": {
            "A": "The project is behind in the schedule. ",
            "B": "Up-scope is causing cost overruns. ",
            "C": "The project is ahead of schedule. ",
            "D": "The project is on schedule. "
        },
        "traQue": "负的进度偏差意味着什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目落后于进度。",
            "B": "扩大范围导致成本超出。",
            "C": "项目提前与进度。",
            "D": "项目按进度进行。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "528.答案：A。见《PMBOK指南》第五版7.4.2.1。"
    },
    {
        "id": "529",
        "question": "529. If a project manager wants to report on the actual project results planneD: He would use a _____。",
        "options": {
            "A": "trend report",
            "B": "forecasting report",
            "C": "status report",
            "D": "variance report"
        },
        "traQue": "如果项目经理希望汇报项目计划结果的实际情况，他将使用______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "趋势报告",
            "B": "预测报告",
            "C": "状态报告",
            "D": "偏差报告"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "529.答案：D。该题目描述的是“对比”的需要，拿实际结果和计划之间进行对比。而趋势报告显示的是一定时间段的绩效。状态报告一般是静态的（与一定的时间点有关）。预测报告只是关注未来。"
    },
    {
        "id": "530",
        "question": "530. Which of the following is CORRECT concerning a change management plan?",
        "options": {
            "A": " It should include a method for controlling schedule.",
            "B": " It is better if it focuses on cost.",
            "C": " It is better if it concentrates on risk.",
            "D": " It should be created during the executing process group."
        },
        "traQue": "以下关于变更管理计划的描述，哪项是正确的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "它应该包括控制进度的方法。",
            "B": "它最好应该关注成本。",
            "C": "它最好应该关注风险。",
            "D": "它应该在执行过程组创建。"
        },
        "analysis": "530.解析：1、变更管理计划在规划过程组被创建，所以D不对；其必须包括所有领域内容，不能只关注某一领域，所以B、C不对；同时还必须包括控制每一领域的程序和方法，所以选项A包括其中。本题可以采用排除法。2、变更管理计划定义管理项目变更的过程，明确如何对变更进行监控。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "531",
        "question": "531. Your boss has asked you for a cost baseline for the project, but it is early in the project management process and there is very little project information. In this circumstance, what is the BEST way to estimate this project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Extrapolate from historical datA",
            "B": " Ask the team for estimates of each activity.",
            "C": " Provide a rough order of magnitude estimate.",
            "D": " Calculate an estimate using the schedule model."
        },
        "traQue": "你老板要求你制定项目成本基准，项目正处于初期阶段，很多信息都不全。在这种情况下，提供项目估算的最佳方法是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 通过历史数据进行推断。",
            "B": " 要求项目团队对每项活动进行估算。",
            "C": " 提供数量级估算。",
            "D": " 通过进度模型进行估算。"
        },
        "analysis": "531.解析：选项A也许可以用来进行估算，但历史信息并不充分。选项B和D错误，因为项目正处于开始阶段，项目的活动还没有被识别出来，更不用说项目进度模型了。所以只能提供数量级估算了。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "532",
        "question": "532.During its first winter, a multi-year construction project experienced weather-related schedule delays that all the local parties involved described as typical for this areA: What should the project manager do to integrate this information into the project schedule?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Lengthen the estimated activity duration for all activities scheduled to occur the following winter.",
            "B": " Reevaluate the schedule to determine the potential impact. ",
            "C": " Leave the current project schedule unchanged and work the issues as they arise next year.",
            "D": " Make changes to the project management plan in order to maintain the current project schedule."
        },
        "traQue": "需要历时多年的建设项目进入第一个冬季时遭遇了天气问题，导致进度延迟。所有当地建设方说这是该地典型的天气。项目经理为了将天气问题考虑到进度计划中，他应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "将所有发生在冬季的活动的历时延长。",
            "B": "重新评估进度计划以确定潜在的影响。",
            "C": "保持现有进度计划不变，在下个冬季发生问题时再解决。",
            "D": "变更项目管理计划，以便保持现有的进度计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "532.解析：1、现在进度约束条件改变了——冬季天气问题，合理地评估天气对进度所造成的影响，重新调整项目进度计划，这样会必然会造成进度管理计划的变更。2、进度管理计划是识别风险的输入，会影响到风险的识别，需要重新识别风险。3、重新评估项目进度计划，可以合理地估算天气对进度所造成的影响，同时可以进行合理风险分析。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "533",
        "question": "533. Under which circumstances is it BEST to use a network diagram rather than a bar chart?",
        "options": {
            "A": " To report to the sponsor.",
            "B": " To show interdependencies between activities.",
            "C": " To track progress or to report to the team.",
            "D": " To create a work breakdown structure."
        },
        "traQue": "在以下哪种情况下最好使用网络图而不是甘特图？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 向发起人汇报时。",
            "B": " 展示活动之间的相互依赖关系时。",
            "C": " 跟踪项目状态或向团队做报告时。",
            "D": " 制定工作分解结构时。"
        },
        "analysis": "533.解析：网络图比甘特图更能展示活动之间的项目依赖关系。尽管某些软件中甘特图也能展示依赖关系，但不容易理解。选项A使用里程碑图或甘特图。选项C使用绩效报告。选项D使用的工具是分解。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "534",
        "question": "534. A project manager for a large manufacturing concern is working on a project that calls for a building to be constructed to house a new clean system manufacturing process that is critical to the success of the project. Construction is not a core competency of his company. His team has the ability to create a detailed procurement statement of work, with penalties if specific statements of work deliverables are not met. He is in the Plan Procurements process, evaluating which contract would work the best. Which of the following is the BEST type of contract for this situation? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Fixed price (FP)",
            "B": " Cost plus fixed fee (CPFF)",
            "C": " Cost plus incentive fee (CPIF)",
            "D": " Time and material (T&M)"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理目前正在考虑建造一个配置新空调系统的工厂。由于建筑并非该公司的强项，他们决定将该工作外包。项目经理的团队有能力编写详细的SOW，其中还包括由于无法达成某种条件而设计的惩罚条款。你认为最合适的合同类型是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 固定总价合同（FP)",
            "B": " 成本加固定费合同（CPFF)",
            "C": " 成本加激励费合同（CPIF)",
            "D": " 工料合同（T&M)"
        },
        "analysis": "534.解析：由于有详尽的SOW，因此应该选择FP，这样对买方风险最小。考点：规划采购的工具-合同类型，需熟悉所有合同类型的定义、特点。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "535",
        "question": "535.Being told to complete the project in three months using only four resources is an example of:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Constrains.",
            "B": "Earned value analysis components.",
            "C": "Benefit cost ratios.",
            "D": "Law of diminishing returns."
        },
        "traQue": "被告知项目要求在3个月内完成，而且只能使用4种资源，这是以下哪个例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "制约因素。",
            "B": "挣值分析。",
            "C": "成本收益率。",
            "D": "收益递减规律。"
        },
        "analysis": "535.解析：1、题干描述的是项目的时间和资源方面的制约因素，详细描述见术语表。因此，本题选A。2、挣值分析（B）是一种常用的项目管理技术，它将范围、进度和资源综合起来，进而客观测量项目绩效和进展。3、成本收益率（C）是一项常用的会计指标，公式为：成本收益率=利润·成本费用。它表明单位成本获得的利润，反应成本与利润的关系。通常用于项目选择和评估。4、收益递减规律（D）又称边际收益递减规律或递减规律报酬,在技术和其他生产要素的投入量固定不变的条件下，连续地把某一生产要素的投入量增加到一定数量之后，总产量的增量即边际产量将会出现递减现象。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "536",
        "question": "536. Your company just won a major new project. It will begin in three months and is valued at US $2,000,000.You are the project manager for an existing project. What is the FIRST thing you should do once you hear of the new project?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Ask management how the new project will use resources",
            "B": "Resource level your project",
            "C": "Crash your project",
            "D": "Ask management how the new project will affect your project"
        },
        "traQue": "你的公司刚赢得了一个新的大项目，它将于三个月内开始，价值二百万美金。你是一个进行中的项目经理。当你听到这个新项目时，你首先应该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "向管理层询问新项目将如何使用资源。",
            "B": "对你的项目进行资源均衡。",
            "C": "对你的项目进行赶工。",
            "D": "向管理层询问新项目将如何影响你的项目。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "536.答案：D。你没有足够的信息来考虑资源均衡或赶工该项目。当你致力于任何项目,你需要不断地评估项目的目标和项目计划怎样与其他并发项目的相互关系。你的项目是否仍符合企业的目标?如果其他项目将影响你的项目,你需要积极行动和做出选择。"
    },
    {
        "id": "537",
        "question": "537.At the beginning of a project, the project manager holds a risk workshop with the project team and the key customer stakeholders. After the workshop, they produce a matrix with several risks. their probabilities, and impacts for the project. What type of risk analysis was performed in the workshop?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Qualitative risk analysis",
            "B": " Quantitative risk analysis ",
            "C": " Categorization risk analysis ",
            "D": " Delphi technique risk analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "在项目开始时，项目经理召开了一次由项目团队和关键客户干系人参加的风险专题会，专题会结束后，他们制作了一个由多个风险及其发生概率和对项目的影响组成的矩阵。在专题会上执行了什么类型的风险分析？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "定性风险分析",
            "B": "定量风险分析",
            "C": "分类风险分析",
            "D": "戴尔菲技术风险分析"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "537.答案：A。所属知识领域：项目风险管理。所属过程组：规划过程组。解析：用查询表或概率影响矩阵来评估每个风险的重要性和所需的关注优先级。根据概率和影响的各种组合，该矩阵把风险划分为低、中、高风险。深灰色（数值最大）区域代表高风险；中度灰色（数值最小）区域代表低风险，而浅灰色（数值介于最大和最小之间）区域代表中等风险。考点：实施定性风险分析-概率影响矩阵。出处：PMBOK2012中11.3.2.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "538",
        "question": "538. Use of insurance is example of risk _____?",
        "options": {
            "A": "avoidance",
            "B": "transference",
            "C": "mitigation",
            "D": "acce mitigation ptance"
        },
        "traQue": "购买保险是______风险的例子。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "回避",
            "B": "转移",
            "C": "减轻",
            "D": "接受"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "538.答案：B。购买保险、履约保函（performancebonds）、保证书（warranties）和担保书（guarantees）都是转移风险的例子。"
    },
    {
        "id": "539",
        "question": "539. You are working on a telecommunication project. The product and system requirements have been determined and agreed to by the customer，your management，and other key stakeholders. Work is proceeding on the project according to schedule. Everyone seems pleased with progress to date. You have ust learned that a new regulatory requirement will cause a change in one of the project’s performance specification. To ensure that this change is incorporated onto the project plan，you should____. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "call a meeting of the change control board",
            "B": "change the WBS，project schedule，and project plan to reflect the new requirement",
            "C": "prepare a change request",
            "D": "immediately inform all affected stakeholders of the new approach to take on the project"
        },
        "traQue": "你正在管理通信项目。客户，你的上级和其他有关方面都已经确定和批准了产品和系统要求。项目按照时间表实施。到目前为止似乎每个人对进度感到满意。你刚刚得知一个新的管理规定将引起一个项目执行标准发生变更。为保证该变更包括在项目计划中，你应该",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "召开变更控制委员会会议",
            "B": "修改WBS、项目时间表和项目计划，以反映新的规定和要求",
            "C": "准备变更请求",
            "D": "立即通知受到影响的各位干系人有关项目实施的变更内容"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "539.答案：C。在做A和B之前，首先应该做C。而D应该是在该变更通过变更管理过程而被接受以后。"
    },
    {
        "id": "540",
        "question": "540. If a project manager wants to report on the actual project results vs planned results, she should use a：",
        "options": {
            "A": "Trend report.",
            "B": "Forecasting report.",
            "C": "Status report.",
            "D": "Variance report."
        },
        "traQue": "如果一位项目经理要报告项目的实际和计划比较结果，她应该使用：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "趋势报告",
            "B": "预测报告",
            "C": "状态报告",
            "D": "差异报告"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "540.答案：D。这种情况描述了“比较”的需要。一份趋势报告显示了随着时间的表现，一份预测报告仅仅看到了未来。一份状态报告大致是静态的（描述了某一个时刻）。比较项目结果的唯一选择就是差异分析。"
    },
    {
        "id": "541",
        "question": "541. Who is ultimately responsible for quality management on the project？",
        "options": {
            "A": "The project engineer",
            "B": "The project manager",
            "C": "The quality manager",
            "D": "The team member"
        },
        "traQue": "谁对项目的质量管理负最终责任?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目工程师",
            "B": "项目经理",
            "C": "质量经理",
            "D": "团队成员"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "541.答案：B。尽管每个参与项目的人都应该检查自己的工作，但是总体上，项目经理要对项目质量最终负责。"
    },
    {
        "id": "542",
        "question": "542. Which estimating method tends to be MOST costly for creating a project cost estimate?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Bottom-up.",
            "B": " Analogous.",
            "C": " ParametriC",
            "D": " 50/50 rule."
        },
        "traQue": "在制定项目成本估算时，以下哪项估算方式最消耗成本？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 自下而上估算。",
            "B": " 类比估算。",
            "C": " 参数估算。",
            "D": " 50/50规则。"
        },
        "analysis": "542.解析：自下而上估算的估算方式需要详细的项目信息，涉及的内容细节和人力最多，因此这种方法是最耗费成本的。类比估算是以过去类似项目的参数值或规模指标为基础，来估算当前项目的同类参数或指标。参数估算是利用历史数据与其他变量之间的统计关系，来估算诸如成本、预算和持续时间等活动参数。50·50规则不是估算成本的工具与技术。选项B和C都是可以参考已有的数据进行估算，所用资源较少。选项D不是成本估算的方法。因此选A。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "543",
        "question": "543.You performed a schedule risk analysis using Monte Carlo analysis. The basis for your schedule risk analysis is _____.",
        "options": {
            "A": "WBS",
            "B": "Gantt chart",
            "C": "PDM schedule",
            "D": "probability/impact risk rating matrix"
        },
        "traQue": "你运用蒙特卡洛分析方法进行进度风险分析。你进行进度风险分析的基础是_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "工作分解结构（WBS.",
            "B": "甘特图",
            "C": "前导图法（PDM.进度计划",
            "D": "概率/影响风险分级矩阵"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "543.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版11.4.2.2建模和模拟及术语表中蒙特卡洛技术的解读。对不同的风险进行蒙特卡洛分析时，应基于不同的模型。进行成本风险分析时，用WBS作为模型；进行进度风险分析时，用PDM进度计划作为模型。"
    },
    {
        "id": "544",
        "question": "544.Who is responsive for determining the project cost variance acceptable range?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Functional manager. ",
            "B": "Department heads. ",
            "C": "The customer. ",
            "D": "The project Manager. "
        },
        "traQue": "谁负责确定项目成本偏差的可接受范围？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "职能经理。",
            "B": "部门主管。",
            "C": "顾客。",
            "D": "项目经理。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "544.答案：D。项目经理的职责之一就是管理偏差。"
    },
    {
        "id": "545",
        "question": "545. The filtering of information in the management of project communications______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "should be limited as much as possible",
            "B": "is necessary for good communication",
            "C": "should occur only when the project has a major problem or crisis",
            "D": "both B and C"
        },
        "traQue": "项目沟通管理中的信息过滤_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "应该尽可能地进行限定",
            "B": "是良好沟通的必备条件",
            "C": "只会在项目发生重大问题或者危机的时候发生",
            "D": "B和C"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "545.答案：A。"
    },
    {
        "id": "546",
        "question": "546. A project activity on the critical path is delayeD: What is the BEST thing to do?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Obtain more resources.",
            "B": " Tell the customer the project will be late.",
            "C": " Compress the schedule.",
            "D": " Cut scope."
        },
        "traQue": "关键路径上的活动被延迟了，那么最应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "获得更多资源。",
            "B": "告诉客户项目将要延期。",
            "C": "压缩进度。",
            "D": "削减范围。"
        },
        "analysis": "546.解析：1.“关键路径上的活动被延迟了”，需要采取措施使进度落后的活动赶上计划，根据以上知识点，这个措施就是压缩进度（C）。2.获得更多资源（A）可以用于进度压缩技术之一的“赶工”，但并不一定是必须的，比如说采用快速跟进时可能并不需要获得更多资源。3.告诉客户项目将要延期（B）和削减范围（D）都只有在没有办法压缩进度（C）时才会去考虑。B是一种消极的做法，通常不予考虑。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "547",
        "question": "547. It is crucial that your project team finish your project on time. Your team is using a technique to account for limited resources. You have also added a project buffer before the end date and feeding buffers before each critical task. What technique are you using?",
        "options": {
            "A": " critical path analysis ",
            "B": " PERT",
            "C": " critical chain",
            "D": " earned value"
        },
        "traQue": "你的项目团队必须按时完成项目。你的团队使用了一种考虑有限资源的技术，在最终日期前添加了缓冲，并在关键活动上加入缓冲。这种技术叫做： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键路径分析",
            "B": " 项目评审技术",
            "C": " 关键链",
            "D": " 挣值"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "547.参考答案：C。关键链法的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "548",
        "question": "548.Activity A has duration of 3 days and begins on the morning of Monday the 4' The successor activity, B, has a finish-to-start relationship with A. The finish-to start relationship  has 3days of lag, and activity B has duration of 4 days. Sunday is a non work day. What can be determined from these data?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The total duration of both activities is 8 days.",
            "B": " Calendar time between the start of A to the finish of B is 11 days. ",
            "C": " C The finish date of B is Wednesday the 13'\".",
            "D": " Calendar time between the start of A to the finish of B is 14 days. "
        },
        "traQue": "活动A工时为3天并开始于星期一早晨，4号。后继活动B与A具有完成--开始依赖关系。完成--开始关系有3天的滞后，而且活动B工时为4天，星期日是非工作日。从这些数据可以得出?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 两项活动总工时为8天",
            "B": " 活动A开始到活动B完成之间的日历时间是11天",
            "C": " 活动B完成日期是星期三，13号",
            "D": " 活动A开始与活动B完成之间的日历时间为14天"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "548.参考答案：B。活动A开始到活动B完成之间的日历时间是：3+3+1（星期日，非工作日）+4=11天"
    },
    {
        "id": "549",
        "question": "549. You are assigned as a project manager to lead a new quality improvement project. Management is asking for a plan. Which of the following should you create FIRST? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Scope statement",
            "B": " Quality plan",
            "C": " Schedule",
            "D": " Project plan"
        },
        "traQue": "你被分配为一个新的质量改进项目的项目经理。管理层要求创建一个计划。下面哪项你必须首先创建？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 范围说明书 ",
            "B": " 质量计划 ",
            "C": " 进度表",
            "D": " 项目计划"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "549.参考答案：A。范围是基础，首先确定范围，才能确定进度和质量，最后综合协调为项目计划"
    },
    {
        "id": "550",
        "question": "550. As a PM you are suggesting that two of your engineers resolve a technical disagreement by a compromise. This is an example of ________.",
        "options": {
            "A": "a lose-losc situation",
            "B": "a win-win situation",
            "C": "a participative management style",
            "D": "effective problem solving"
        },
        "traQue": "作为项目经理你建议你的两个工程师通过妥协来解决一个技术分歧。这是_______的例子。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "双输的局面",
            "B": "双赢的局面",
            "C": "参与式管理风格",
            "D": "有效的问题解决"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "550.答案：A。参见本章解决冲突的五种方法之一妥协，它是一种双输的解决问题方式，双方均让步，哪一方都不会赢。这可能是（也可能不是）问题的最佳解决方案。在例子中，每个工程师都可能有可行的技术解决方案，而折中的方案实际上可能比他们任何一个人的方案都差。"
    },
    {
        "id": "551",
        "question": "551. During the middle of the project, things have been going well. The work authorization system has allowed people to know when to start work, and the issue log has helped keep track of stakeholders' needs. The sponsor has expressed his appreciation for the team members' efforts by hosting a milestone party. The project manager gets a call from a team member saying the results from the completion of her activity's predecessor are two days late. Which of the following reasons would BEST describe why this occurred?",
        "options": {
            "A": "The project manager was focusing on the sponsor's needs. ",
            "B": "Functional management was not included in the communications management plan. ",
            "C": "The successor activities should have been watched, not the predecessors. ",
            "D": "The right people were not invited to the milestone party. "
        },
        "traQue": "在项目的过程中，一切都进行的很顺利。工作授权体系允许人们知道什么时候开始工作，问题日志帮助干系人进行记录。发起人通过举行一个有里程碑意义的聚会来表达他对队员努力的赞赏。项目经理从某团队成员那边接到一个电话，说她的活动的前置任务推迟了两天完成。下面哪个原因能最好的阐述发生的事情？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目经理关注发起人的需要",
            "B": "职能经理没有包括在沟通管理计划之中",
            "C": "应该关注后续活动，而非前置活动",
            "D": "正确的人没有被邀请到里程碑意义的聚会中"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "551.答案：B。在沟通计划，需求收集，风险管理，和项目管理的其他方面加入职能经理将会对项目有更好的帮助。除此之外，它帮助了职能经理有效地管理他们的资源。如果被分派到前期活动的团队成员的职能经理被包括在项目计划的过程中就参与了该项目，他会知道该成员什么时候需要为项目进行工作和影响该项目，或者延迟。沟通管理计划同时也应该包含一种沟通潜在延迟的方法。"
    },
    {
        "id": "552",
        "question": "552. A discretionary dependency is one that is based on:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Experience.",
            "B": " The needs of someone outside the project.",
            "C": " The nature of the work being done.",
            "D": " The needs of the project sponsor."
        },
        "traQue": "选择性依赖关系是基于以下哪项决定的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "经验。",
            "B": "项目外人员的需求。",
            "C": "工作的性质。",
            "D": "项目发起人的需求。"
        },
        "analysis": "552.解析：1.“最佳实践”就是以往经验（A）的一种表现形式。2.选项B形成的是“外部依赖关系”。3.选项C和D都会形成“强制性依赖关系”。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "553",
        "question": "553. Who should be responsible for defining project objectives?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Project manager.",
            "B": " Sponsor.",
            "C": " Project management team.",
            "D": " Stakeholders."
        },
        "traQue": "由谁负责定义项目的目标？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目经理。",
            "B": "发起人。",
            "C": "项目管理团队。",
            "D": "干系人。"
        },
        "analysis": "553.解析：1、项目发起人负责定义项目目标，这些目标包括在项目章程里。2、补充听老师授课的理解：项目目标是发起人负责制定，项目经理可以辅助制定，但一定是和项目管理团队一起对项目目标的执行者，在执行过程中，干系人会有积极或消极的影响。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "554",
        "question": "554. A deliverable fails to give expected results, but was formally accepted by the customer. Which of the following best describes the activity involved? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Inspection",
            "B": " Rework",
            "C": " Quality audit",
            "D": " Validate scope "
        },
        "traQue": "一个可交付成果未能达到预期的结果，但是客户依然正式验收了。下述哪项最好地描述了这项活动？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 检验",
            "B": " 返工",
            "C": " 质量审计",
            "D": " 确认范围"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "554.参考答案：D。确认范围就是让客户验收可交付成果。"
    },
    {
        "id": "555",
        "question": "555. An important concept in project management is holding reviews at the conclusion of major project phases. Which of the following is not a name commonly used for these reviews? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Phase review",
            "B": " Benchmarks",
            "C": " Stage gates",
            "D": " Kill points"
        },
        "traQue": "项目管理的一个很重要的概念就是在主要的项目阶段结束之际举行评审，这种评审的名称不包括哪一个？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 阶段审查 ",
            "B": " 标杆参照",
            "C": " 阶段把关",
            "D": " 生死点"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "555.参考答案：B知识要点：阶段末评审的时点可称为阶段关口、里程碑、阶段审查、阶段门或关键决策点"
    },
    {
        "id": "556",
        "question": "556. You are having difficulty estimating the cost of a project. Which of the following BEST describes the most probable cause of your difficulty?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Inadequate scope definition",
            "B": "Unavailability of desired resources",
            "C": "Lack of historical records from previous projects",
            "D": "Lack of company process"
        },
        "traQue": "你很难估算一个项目的成本。以下哪项最能描述导致你估算困难的最可能原因？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "不充分的范围定义。",
            "B": "所需资源不可用。",
            "C": "缺乏以前项目的历史记录。",
            "D": "缺乏公司流程。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "556.答案：A。虽然所有选项都将可导致估算困难，但不充足的范围定义使得估算无法进行。"
    },
    {
        "id": "557",
        "question": "557.The project manager in a matrix organization is starting a new project , and indentifies a critical resource in the organization's staffing inventory.This resource is currently working for the functional manager,and is committed to another project.What technical should the project manager use？ ",
        "options": {
            "A": "Acquisition",
            "B": "Pre-assignment",
            "C": "Negotiation",
            "D": "Virtualization"
        },
        "traQue": "一个矩阵式组织中的项目经理正在为一个新项目配备人员，并在组织的人员库中确定了一关键源。而该资源目前隶属于职能经理，并被分配到另一个项目上工作。项目经理应该使用什么技术？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "招募",
            "B": "事先指派",
            "C": "谈判",
            "D": "虚拟化"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "557.答案：C。所属知识领域：项目人力资源管理。所属过程组：执行过程组.解析：组建项目团队时，需使用谈判这个工具与职能经理就某个关键资源进行谈判，在许多项目中，人员分派是通过谈判完成的，与职能经理谈判，确保项目能够在需要时获得具备适当能力的人员。考点：组建项目团队的工具——谈判。出处：PMBOK2012中9.2.2.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "558",
        "question": "558. A work breakdowm structure numbering system allows the project team to:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Systemtically estimate costs of work breakdowm structure elements",
            "B": "Provide project justification",
            "C": "Identify the level at which individual elements are found",
            "D": "Use it in project management software"
        },
        "traQue": "一个工作分解结构编号系统允许项目人员:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "系统地估算工作分解结构元素的成本。",
            "B": "提供项目论证。",
            "C": "确定在什么层级上可以找到某个WBS元素。",
            "D": "在项目管理软件中使用它。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "558.答案：C。编号系统允许团队成员快速识别特定元素在工作分解结构中的层级。它还有助于在WBS词典里找出元素。"
    },
    {
        "id": "559",
        "question": "559. You have been assigned to manage apportion of a larger project that is supposed to be finished within a two-week perioD: You have met with the leadership of the area to gather requirements, and you have a project charter, scope statement and project plan that have been approved by these individuals. You are told to meet with the actual user of the results of the project to demonstration, it is clear that the user’s requirements are very different from the ones you were initially given and to which both you and the client agreeD: What is the BEST thing for you to do now?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Generate a change request for the user’s requirements",
            "B": " Convene another meeting with the leadership of the area and the user to generate a revised set of requirements",
            "C": " Attempt to meet as many of the user’s requirements as possible within the project’s established budget and schedule",
            "D": " Complete the work as originally specified and formulate a new project to meet the user’s requirements."
        },
        "traQue": "你被任命管理一个大型项目的一部分，这部分应该在两周完成。你和该领域的领导一起搜集要求。项目章程已经制定，范围说明书和项目计划已经得到批准。你要约见产品的真正用户向他们展示系统是如何工作的。展示时，你了解到用户是要求同你最初和业主达成一致的要求非常不同。这是，你最好：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 根据用户的要求做一个变更请求",
            "B": " 和该领域的领导及用户开会修改要求",
            "C": " 在项目预算和工期内尽量多地满足用户的要求",
            "D": " 完成原有项目，用户的要求作为一个新项目实施"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "559.参考答案：A。根据题干“你了解到用户是要求同你最初和业主达成一致的要求非常不同”，说明需要变更了。如果要变更，先要获得变更请求单，再走其他变更管理流程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "560",
        "question": "560. You are assigned to be the project manager in the middle of the project. The project is within tolerances for the baseline，but the customer is not happy with the performance of the project. What is the FIRST thing you should do?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Discuss it with the project team. ",
            "B": "Recalculate baselines. ",
            "C": "Renegotiate the contract. ",
            "D": "Meet with the customer. "
        },
        "traQue": "在项目执行过程中，你被任命为项目经理。项目各项指标都基准段容许范围之内。但是，客户对项目绩效不满意。你应该做的第一件事是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "与项目团队一起讨论。",
            "B": "重新计算基准。",
            "C": "重新商谈合同。",
            "D": "与客户见面。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "560.答案：D。应首先查明客户为什么不满意，然后与团队讨论，一起确定方案。"
    },
    {
        "id": "561",
        "question": "561. You have created the project charter, but could not get it approveD: Your manager and his boss have asked that the project begin immediately. Which of the following is the BEST thing to do?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Set up an integrated change control process",
            "B": "Show your manager the impact of proceeding without approval",
            "C": "Focus on completing projects that have signed project charters",
            "D": "Start work on only the critical path activities"
        },
        "traQue": "你已经编制了项目章程，但不能得到审批。你的经理和他的老板要求项目立即开始。下列哪一项是最佳的办法？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "建立一个整合变更控制过程",
            "B": "向你的经理说明在没有得到审批的情况下进一步行动的影响",
            "C": "集中于完成已经有了签署的章程的项目",
            "D": "只开始关键路径的活动"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "561.答案：B。最好的办法就是显示影响。这是以预防未来的问题唯一的选择—总是最好的选择。其它的选项只是假装问题并不存在。"
    },
    {
        "id": "562",
        "question": "562.The initial cost of your project is $25000，which will save the company $6000 per year for the next four years. Using the above table，if your company wants a 12% ROI，what is NPV of the project?",
        "options": {
            "A": "-$1000. ",
            "B": "-$6772. ",
            "C": "+$1758. ",
            "D": "+$6772. "
        },
        "traQue": "你项目的初始费用是$25000，这将在以后四年内每年节省公司$6000。使用上题中的表格，如果公司要求12%的投资回报率，那么项目的净值室多少？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "-$1000. ",
            "B": "-$6772. ",
            "C": "+$1758. ",
            "D": "+$6772."
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "562.答案：B。"
    },
    {
        "id": "563",
        "question": "563. All of the following are parts of the scope baseline EXCEPT the:",
        "options": {
            "A": "Scope management plan",
            "B": "project scope statement",
            "C": "Work breakdown structure",
            "D": "WBS dictionary"
        },
        "traQue": "下列所有都是范围基准的一部分，除了？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "范围管理计划",
            "B": "范围说明书",
            "C": "工作分解结构",
            "D": "WBS词典"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "563.答案：A。范围基准包括WBS，WBS词典，和项目范围说明书。范围管理计划不属于范围基准。"
    },
    {
        "id": "564",
        "question": "564. A responsibility assignment matrix includes which two data points?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource and time estimate.",
            "B": " Activity and calendar date.",
            "C": " Activity and resource.",
            "D": " Resource and usage each month."
        },
        "traQue": "责任分配矩阵包括以下哪两项内容？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "资源和时间估算。",
            "B": "活动和日历。",
            "C": "活动和资源。",
            "D": "资源和每月的使用量。"
        },
        "analysis": "564.解析：1.责任分配矩阵对应的是项目团队成员和相关活动，而项目团队成员其实也是项目的资源，结合以上知识点可知选项C正确；2.责任分配矩阵中主要考虑的是责任，而没有对时间，日程和资源使用量上的计划和安排，所以选项A、B、D错。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "565",
        "question": "565. Which of the following BEST describes what a network diagram is used for when the work is being completed?",
        "options": {
            "A": " To track the flow of information in a system, looking at all the interfaces.",
            "B": " To determine if the evaluation criteria should be created before the contract statement of work is written.",
            "C": " To see if the cost of a change exceeds the project cost baseline.",
            "D": " To evaluate the reward system’s effectiveness."
        },
        "traQue": "以下各项中，哪项描述了在项目即将结束时使用网络图的原因?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 追踪系统中的信息流程，查看所有的界面。",
            "B": " 确定是否在合同工作说明完成之前制定了评估标准。",
            "C": " 确定变更的成本是否超出了项目成本基线。",
            "D": " 评估奖惩系统的效力。"
        },
        "analysis": "565.解析：项目进度网络图是展示项目各进度活动及其相互之间逻辑关系（也叫依赖关系）的图形。网络图用来帮助追踪流程的，网络图可以帮助你有效确定工作完成的时间和顺序。B、C、D是与活动的逻辑关系或者顺序没有关系，所以答案是A。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "566",
        "question": "566. A project has faced major difficulties in the quality its deliverables. Management now states that quality is the most important now states that quality is the most important project constraint. If another problem with quality were to occur，what would be the BEST thing for the project manager to do？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Fix the schedule as soon as possible",
            "B": "Allow the schedule to slip by cutting cost",
            "C": "Allow cost to increase by fixing the root cause of the problem",
            "D": "Allow risk increase by cutting cost"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目在可交付成果遇到重大的质量难题。现在管理部门声明，质量是最重要的项目限制因素。如果将出现另一个质量问题，那么项目经理最好怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "尽快修改计划。",
            "B": "降低成本，允许延期。",
            "C": "解决问题产生的根本原因，允许成本增加。",
            "D": "降低成本，允许风险增加。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "566.答案：C。如果质量问题将再出现，很多人会选择尽快解决这个问题。虽然这是积极的，但有些其他的项目限制必须要更改为解决问题根本原因的调整。因为项目经理可能在其他领域会压缩进度，所以可能不需要延期。削减成本不一定会导致延期，也不一定会解决即将到来的问题。通过降低成本而允许风险增加不是最好的选择，因为质量问题通常会增加额外的成本，而不是消减成本。通过解决问题的根本原因增加成本可以找到问题的原因以及解决问题的影响。"
    },
    {
        "id": "567",
        "question": "567. Which of following is the BEST thing to do when a project activity will take longer than planned and the project can no longer be completed on time?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Compress the schedule.",
            "B": " Ask for an extension of time.",
            "C": " Negotiate for more resources.",
            "D": " Work overtime to make up the time."
        },
        "traQue": "项目某一活动将要延期，这将导致项目不能按时完成。以下哪项是最佳解决办法？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "压缩进度。",
            "B": "要求延长时间。",
            "C": "商谈以获得更多资源。",
            "D": "加班工作以赶上进度。"
        },
        "analysis": "567.解析：1.“某一活动将要延期，这将导致项目不能按时完成”，需要采取措施使进度落后的活动赶上计划，根据以上知识点，这个措施就是压缩进度（A）。2.商谈以获得更多资源（C）可以用于进度压缩技术之一的“赶工”，加班工作以赶上进度（D）也是“赶工”的一种。但这两个选择都应该在考虑了可能并不需要增加成本和资源的“快速跟进”后再考虑，而加班工作以赶上进度（D）是PMI最不推荐的方法。3.要求延长时间（B）都只有在没有办法压缩进度（A）时才会去考虑。B是一种消极的做法，通常不予考虑。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "568",
        "question": "568. What is the purpose of the project charter?",
        "options": {
            "A": " To recognize and acknowledge the project sponsor",
            "B": " To recognize and acknowledge the existence of the project and commit organizational resources to the project",
            "C": " To acknowledge the existence of the project team, project manager, and project sponsor ",
            "D": " To describe the selection methods used to choose this project over its competitors"
        },
        "traQue": "项目章程的目的是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 认可项目发起人",
            "B": " 认可项目的存在并将组织资源分配给项目",
            "C": " 认可项目队伍、项目经理、项目发起人",
            "D": " 描述选择项目的方法"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "568.参考答案：B知识要点：项目章程是正式批准项目并授权项目经理在项目活动中使用组织资源的文件"
    },
    {
        "id": "569",
        "question": "569. Which of the following is part of the integration management process?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Monitor and Control Project Work.",
            "B": " Develop Human Resource Plan.",
            "C": " Perform Quality Assurance.",
            "D": " Control Communications."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项是整合管理过程的内容？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 监控项目工作。",
            "B": " 制定人力资源管理计划。",
            "C": " 实施质量保证。",
            "D": " 控制沟通。"
        },
        "analysis": "569.解析：答案A。监控项目工作是跟踪、审查和调整项目进展，以实现项目管理计划中确定的绩效目标的过程。制定人力资源管理计划（选项B）是项目人力资源管理中“制定人力资源计划”的一部分。实施质量保证（选项C）是质量管理的内容。控制沟通（选项D）是沟通管理的内容。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "570",
        "question": "570. During project executing, an accepted risk occurs, and is handleD: However, the project manager notes that the impact was greater than was anticipateD: The BEST thing to do would be to:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Notify the sponsor.",
            "B": " Create a workarounD",
            "C": " Perform additional risk response planning.",
            "D": " Revisit the Quantitative Risk Analysis process."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目执行阶段发生了一项已接受的风险，并进行了适当处理。然而，项目经理发现实际影响比预期的影响要大很多。此时，项目经理的最佳做法是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "通知发起人。",
            "B": "制定权变措施。",
            "C": "实施额外的风险应对计划。",
            "D": "重新进行定量风险分析过程。"
        },
        "analysis": "570.解析：1、项目风险管理的顺序是：11.1规划风险管理——11.2识别风险——11.3实施定性风险分析——11.4实施风险定量分析；2、题干中，已经完成了定性风险分析，也就是实际影响比预期的影响要大很多，接下来就应该是实施定量风险分析。答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "571",
        "question": "571. As the project manager，you are preparing your quality management plan. You are looking for a tool that can demonstrate the relationship between events and their resulting effects. You want to use this tool to depict the events that cause a negative effect on quality. Which of the following is the BEST choice for accomplishing your objective？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Histogram",
            "B": "Pareto chart",
            "C": "Ishikawa diagram",
            "D": "Control chart"
        },
        "traQue": "作为项目经理，你在准备你的质量管理计划。你在寻找一个可以表明事件与其相关后果的关系的方法。你希望应用一种可以描述造成质量的负面影响的事件的方法。使用下列哪项工具是实现你的目标的最佳选择？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "直方图",
            "B": "帕累托图",
            "C": "石川图",
            "D": "控制图"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "571.答案：C。所有的报告和图表都是沟通的工具。这个问题问的是，如果挑选合适的质量工具促进沟通。既然你试着找到原因，那么一个石川图，也叫做因果图，比帕累托图更适合。一旦知道了原因，你也有关于事件的数据，那么此数据可以在帕累托图里显示出来。"
    },
    {
        "id": "572",
        "question": "572. The customer responsible for overseeing your project asks you to project a written cost estimate that is 30 percent higher than your estimate of the project’s cost. He explains that the budgeting process requires managers to estimate pessimistically to ensure enough money is allocated for projects. What is the BEST way to handle this?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Add the 30 percent as a lump sum contingency fund to handle project risks.",
            "B": " Add the 30 percent to your cost estimate by spreading it evenly across all project activities.",
            "C": " Create one cost baseline for budget allocation and a second one for the actual project management plan.",
            "D": " Ask for information on risks that would cause your estimate to be too low."
        },
        "traQue": "负责监管项目的客户要求你写一份书面成本估算，其估算额要比项目的估算成本高出30%，理由是希望经理们悲观地制定项目预算，以确保项目分配到足够的费用。处理此问题的最佳方法是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 增加30%的应急资金以应对项目风险。",
            "B": " 增加30%的成本估算，并平均地分配给项目活动。",
            "C": " 制定两个成本基线，一个给管理层分配费用使用，另一个用于实际的项目管理计划。",
            "D": " 寻找造成自己较低估算的风险信息。"
        },
        "analysis": "572.解析：1、在估算成本时，需要权衡备选成本方案并考虑风险，题干中客户要求将估算提高30%，但是分析客户是否正确之前，需要寻找造成较低估算的风险信息，所以D是正确答案；2、增加任何实际估算以外的内容都是错误的，而且还会引起对项目经理能力和正直的质疑，客户一旦有了增加估算的想法，就应该让他罗列潜在的变更和风险，如果确实证明是合理的，那么就可以增加预算，所以A和B是错误的；成本基线只能有一个，所以C错误；答案D",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "573",
        "question": "573.What tool is a form of network analysis where resource management concerns drive scheduling decisions?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Critical chain scheduling.",
            "B": " PERT.",
            "C": " Critical path methoD",
            "D": " Resource loading."
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪一种网络分析方法中，资源管理考虑构成了项目进度决策的驱动因素?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 关键链进度法。",
            "B": " PERT。",
            "C": " 关键路径法。",
            "D": " 资源负荷。"
        },
        "analysis": "573.解析：关键链法在网络图中增加作为“非工作进度活动”的持续时间缓冲，用来确定不确定性，故选择A；关键路径法是在不考虑任何资源限制的情况下，沿着项目进度网络路径进行顺推与逆推分析，计算出全部活动理论上的最早开始与完成日期、最晚开始与完成日期。不考虑任何资源限制，与题意明显不符。故C选项错；PERT和资源负荷不是网络分析方法，故B·D选项错误。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "574",
        "question": "574.In a fixed price contract which of the following holds true?",
        "options": {
            "A": "The seller agrees to use his best effort to fulfill the contract within the estimated contract amount",
            "B": "The seller agrees to perform a service or furnish supplies at the established contract price",
            "C": "If the amount of the contract is exceeded the seller is not obligated to perform further unless the buyer increases the funds",
            "D": "More risks are placed on the buyer"
        },
        "traQue": "在一个固定价格合同中，下列哪一项是真的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "销售商同意尽力在预算内完成合同",
            "B": "销售商同意以固定的合同价格提供服务",
            "C": "如果合同量超过预定的量，在不提价的情况下，销售上没有义务提供服务",
            "D": "由买方承担更多的风险"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "574.答案：B。合同金意味着2销售商同意在合同条款下以合同规定的方式提供合同规定的服务。"
    },
    {
        "id": "575",
        "question": "575. Halfway through the project, the client considers cancelling the remaining work and the contract. It would be BEST to look at which of the following to determine the purpose for the project?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project description and need in the project charter.",
            "B": " The WBS dictionary to verify that the scope is correct.",
            "C": " The risk response plan to evaluate alternatives.",
            "D": " The chart of accounts to determine the estimate at completion."
        },
        "traQue": "项目进行到一半时，客户突然决定取消后续工作，终止合同。为了确定项目的目标，最好查询以下哪项文件？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目章程中的描述和需求。",
            "B": " 通过工作分解结构词典来确认范围是否正确。",
            "C": " 风险应对计划来评估替代方案。",
            "D": " 账目编码来进行完工估算。"
        },
        "analysis": "575.解析：1.项目章程记录了项目目的、可测量的项目目标和相关成功的标准以及对客户需求和高层级需求的理解等，因此选项A正确；2.工作分解结构词典是对工作分解结构组成部分进行更详细的描述，风险应对计划及账目编码等均不涉及项目目标，因此选项B、C、D均不正确。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "576",
        "question": "576. Who of the following are always stakeholders?",
        "options": {
            "A": " A person who does not want the project to be completed",
            "B": " An assembly line worker that will use the product of the project",
            "C": " A functional manager from the engineering department",
            "D": " A person who might lose their position in the company because of the project"
        },
        "traQue": "下列谁总是干系人？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 不希望项目完工的人",
            "B": " 将使用项目产品的装配线工人 ",
            "C": "来自工程部的职能经理",
            "D": "可能因项目而失去公司中职位的人"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "576.参考答案：B知识要点：选项B就是用户的定义。用户是项目的关键干系人"
    },
    {
        "id": "577",
        "question": "577. The project has been going relatively well, although there have been some problems with resource availability and the project scope has changed more than was expecteD: The project is now completing one of its phases. Of all decisions the sponsor must consider during an end-of-phase review meeting, the MOST difficult is:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Authorizing scope change for the next phase.",
            "B": " Authorizing budget increases for the next phase based on scope changes.",
            "C": " Canceling the project.",
            "D": " Decreasing scope to maintain the budget."
        },
        "traQue": "尽管出现了资源到位和范围变更的问题，但项目相对来说还是进展比较顺利。到目前为止，项目第一阶段已经完成。发起人在项目阶段结束后的评审会议上所考虑的各种决策中，其中最难的是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 对下一项目阶段范围变更的授权。",
            "B": " 对下一项目阶段由于范围变更导致预算增加的授权。",
            "C": " 取消项目。",
            "D": " 为了维持预算而进行范围削减。"
        },
        "analysis": "577.解析:“阶段结束的评审会议”实际与结束项目的行政收尾会议一样。当然，取消项目对团队成员和项目的方向影响甚大，所以最难做出决策。所以最佳的选择是C。决策的难易主要取决于决策涉及的干系人。A,B,D往往仅牵涉部分干系人，这些干系人可能重要也可能不太重要。而取消项目则牵涉到项目的全部干系人。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "578",
        "question": "578.A contracted firm is not meeting quality standards and the deliverables are frequently late. The project manager discovers there are no existing contract terms that could ensure a better. What should have been done by the project manager to prevent the seller’s low performance?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Have the project manager’s team do an impact analysis",
            "B": "Conduct procurement performance reviews",
            "C": "Conduct a risk reassessment ",
            "D": "Be involved during the contract elaboration "
        },
        "traQue": "签约公司未达到质量标准，并且可交付成果频繁延迟. 项目经理发现，现有合同条款无法确保卖方提高绩效. 为避免卖方的低绩效，项目经理本应采取何种行动？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "让项目经理团队执行影响分析 ",
            "B": "实施采购绩效审查",
            "C": "实施风险再评估",
            "D": "参与合同的详细拟定"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "578.答案：B。参见PMBOK2012中12.3.2.2，考点：采购绩效审查。"
    },
    {
        "id": "579",
        "question": "579. Which of the following BEST describes the primary use of project management software?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Managing a project.",
            "B": " Creating and controlling a schedule.",
            "C": " Creating a complete project management plan.",
            "D": " Creating a work breakdown structure."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项描述了项目管理软件的主要用途？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "管理项目。",
            "B": "制定和控制进度。",
            "C": "制定完整的项目管理计划。",
            "D": "制定工作分解结构。"
        },
        "analysis": "579.解析：1.书中原话，“项目管理软件有助于规划、组织与管理可用资源，以及编制资源估算。利用先进的软件，可以确定资源分解结构、资源可用性、资源费率和各种资源日历，从而有助于优化资源使用。”“可借助项目管理软件，对照进度计划，追踪项目实际进度，并预测各种变更对项目进度的影响。”根据以上知识点可知B正确.2.PMBOK中的“项目管理软件”是狭义的概念，主要是指用于制定和控制进度的软件。用于管理项目（A），制定完整的项目管理计划（C），制定工作分解结构（D）的软件·系统属于广义的“项目管理软件”，PMBOK并不使用此概念。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "580",
        "question": "580. All of the following are true statements about parametric estimating EXCEPT:",
        "options": {
            "A": " The model is scalable.",
            "B": " Estimates are based on input from the team.",
            "C": " The parameters used in the model are readily quantifiable.",
            "D": " Historical information is used in the model."
        },
        "traQue": "以下关于参数估算的描述均正确，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "模型是可调整的。",
            "B": "估算数据来自团队成员。",
            "C": "用于模型中的参数是可以计量的。",
            "D": "模型中使用历史信息。"
        },
        "analysis": "580.解析：1.大部份的历史数据一般来源于组织过程资产或外部，并不是来自团队成员（B）。2.书中关于“历史关系”的描述中写道，“类比模型或参数模型的准确性及所需成本可能变动很大。它们将最为可靠，如果：用来建立模型的历史信息准确；模型中的参数易于量化；模型可以调整，以便对大项目、小项目和各项目阶段都适用。”以上知识点摘要并不全是来源于参数模型的描述章节，而是来源于对历史关系的讲解。因此可以看出PMP考试即使对概念的考查也是极具灵活性的。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "581",
        "question": "581. A fishbone diagram helps: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Explore past outcomes. ",
            "B": " Organizes thoughts and stimulates thinking. ",
            "C": " Determine if a process is out of control. ",
            "D": " Prioritize the problems. "
        },
        "traQue": "鱼骨图可以帮助：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 了解过去的结果。 ",
            "B": " 组织思维、激发思考。 ",
            "C": " 确定过程是否失去控制。 ",
            "D": " 对问题进行优先排序。"
        },
        "analysis": "581.解析：因果图，又称石川图或鱼骨图，直观地显示各种因素如何与潜在问题或结果相联系。选项A是直方图；选项C是控制图；选项D是帕累托图。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "582",
        "question": "582. Charles is working on a project and finds that one of his primary vendors is raising their costs for a key component of the product being produced by his project. In order to cover these costs， he . ",
        "options": {
            "A": "will ask management for a budget increase to cover the difference",
            "B": "will assume management reserve will cover the difference because this increase was out of his control",
            "C": "will use the cost change control process to obtain approval to use part of the contingency allowance",
            "D": "will go over budget and ask for forgiveness at the end of the project"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "582.答案：C。成本变更时需通过成本变更控制系统来进行这种变更。"
    },
    {
        "id": "583",
        "question": "583.A large project is underway when one of the team members reviews the project status report. He sees the project is currently running late. As he looks at the report further，he notices the delay will cause one of his activities to be scheduled during a time he will be out of the county and cannot work on the activity. This is of great concern to be team member \n because he is very committed to the success of the project and he does not want to be the cause of the project being further delayed. What is the BEST THING for him to do ？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Contact the project manager immediately to provide the project manager with his schedule. ",
            "B": "Include the information in his next report. ",
            "C": "Request that the issue be added to the project issue log. ",
            "D": "Recommend preventive action. "
        },
        "traQue": "当一名成员检查正在进行的一个大项目的状态报告时，他发现项目目前进度延迟了。当他进一步检查报告时，他注意到其中的一个活动安排到他出国的那一段时间，而不能参加那个活动的工作。这让那名队员十分地担忧，因为十分遵守项目成功的承诺，并且他不希望自己成为项目进一步延迟的原因。他最好应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "立刻联系项目经理，并提供自己的日程表给项目经理",
            "B": "把信息写到他下一份报告中",
            "C": "要求把那个问题添加到项目问题日志中",
            "D": "推荐预防措施"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "583.答案：D。"
    },
    {
        "id": "584",
        "question": "584. Which is the characteristic of quality that satisfies Customer’s real needs? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Conformance to specification.",
            "B": " Fitness to use.",
            "C": " Safety and environment.",
            "D": " High Grade."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项是满足客户实际需求的质量特征？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 符合规范。",
            "B": " 适合使用。",
            "C": " 安全性和环境。",
            "D": " 高等级。"
        },
        "analysis": "584.解析：1、质量是内在一系列特征满足要求的程度。质量被定义为符合要求、规范且适用。A、C、D阐述的并不意味着满足用户实际需求。2、规范、安全性等都可能与用户的实际需要有差异，不是完全满足规范、项目产品具有最高的安全性就能和客户的实际需求相符，所以A、C都不准确。等级也不同于质量，所以C也不正确。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "585",
        "question": "585.Controlling cost can be best described by which of the following?",
        "options": {
            "A": "The process of developing the future trends along with the assessment of probabilities，uncertainties，and inflation that could occur during the project. ",
            "B": "The process of assembling and predicting costs of a project over its life cycle.",
            "C": "The process of establishing budgets，standards，and a monitoring system by which the investment cost of the project can be measured and manageD",
            "D": "The process of gathering，accumulating，analyzing，monitoring，reporting，and managing the costs on an on-going basis."
        },
        "traQue": "控制成本最佳解释是下列哪一项？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "是一个未来趋势的完成过程，这个过程包括项目期间对概率、不确定性和通货膨胀的评估。",
            "B": "项目期间项目成本汇总和预测的过程。",
            "C": "是一个确定预算，标准和监控系统的过程，通过该系统可以管理监测项目成本投入。",
            "D": "是一个随时收集、积蓄、分析、监控、报告和管理成本的过程。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "585.答案：D。见《PMBOK指南》第五版7.4。"
    },
    {
        "id": "586",
        "question": "586. Projects have the least attention in what form of organization:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Balanced matrix",
            "B": " Strong matrix",
            "C": " Coordinator",
            "D": " Functional"
        },
        "traQue": "项目在哪种组织中最不被重视?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 平衡矩阵型",
            "B": " 强矩阵型",
            "C": " 协调者",
            "D": " 职能型"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "586.参考答案：D知识要点：职能型组织中，项目经理的权力最小"
    },
    {
        "id": "587",
        "question": "587.What is the LAST thing to do in project closure?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Complete the lessons learned",
            "B": " Provide the client with all pertinent documentation",
            "C": " Update the archives",
            "D": " Release the team"
        },
        "traQue": "在项目收尾时最后应该做的是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "完成经验总结",
            "B": "提供给客户所有相关的文档",
            "C": "更新档案 ",
            "D": "解散团队"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "587.参考答案：D知识要点：项目收尾活动的顺序"
    },
    {
        "id": "588",
        "question": "588.Which of the following is an example of prevention costs?",
        "options": {
            "A": " cost of scrap during manufacturing",
            "B": " using a checklist to verify the quality of outgoing good",
            "C": " planning and executing an audit to review a supplier’s quality management system ",
            "D": " cost of repairing an incorrect part "
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项属于预防成本的范畴？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 制造过程中的废料成本",
            "B": " 使用核对单检查商品的质量 ",
            "C": " 规划并执行一项审计，审查供应商的质量管理规范",
            "D": " 修理不正确零件的成本"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "588.答案：C。所属过程组：规划过程组。所属知识领域：项目质量管理。解析：预防成本是一致性成本，包括培训、流程文档化、设备、选择正确的做事时间等，属于规划过程组的质量管理。答案A属于内部失败成本，答案B属于检查，属于评价成本，答案C属于流程文档化，属于预防成本，答案D属于内部失败成本。"
    },
    {
        "id": "589",
        "question": "589. Which of the following defines thing the project manager needs to do regarding cost?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Never just accept constraints from management, periodically recalculate the estimate to complete, meet any agreed-upon estimates.",
            "B": " Meet any agreed-upon estimates, estimate larger-sized work components, accept constraints from management.",
            "C": " Periodically recalculate the estimate to complete, increase estimates by eliminating risks, re-estimate when changes are requesteD",
            "D": " Never recalculate the estimate to complete, never just accept constraints from management, only use historical records for accurate estimates. "
        },
        "traQue": "关于成本问题，以下哪项定义了项目经理应该做的事情？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 不要只接受来自管理层的约束和假设，定期地重新评估完工估算，满足达成一致的估算。",
            "B": " 满足达成一致的估算，对大规模的工作组成部分进行估算，接受来自管理层的约束和假设。",
            "C": " 定期地重新评估完工估算，增加估算以应对风险，任何变更发生时都要进行重新评估。",
            "D": " 不需要定期地重新评估完工估算，不要只接受来自管理层的约束和假设，在进行精确估算时只使用历史数据。"
        },
        "analysis": "589.解析：项目经理不应该只接受来自管理层的约束和假设，而且评估那些较小规模的工作组成部分可以使估算更准确，所以选项B错误。风险的消除、成本的降低及重新评估只有变更被批准后才会发生，所以选项C错误。选项D描述也不准确，完工估算应该随着项目的进展进行不断更新，另外，历史数据是一种很好的估算方法，但并不是唯一的估算来源。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "590",
        "question": "590.Obtaining quotes, bids, offers, or proposals is part of which project procurement management process?",
        "options": {
            "A": "plan procurement.",
            "B": "conduct procumbent.",
            "C": "administer procumbent.",
            "D": "close procurement."
        },
        "traQue": "获得报价、应约、标书、建议书属于哪一个采购管理过程?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "规划采购。",
            "B": "实施采购。",
            "C": "管理采购。",
            "D": "结束采购。"
        },
        "analysis": "590.解析：根据“12.2实施采购”的说明可知获得报价、应约、标书、建议书属于实施采购（B）过程。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "591",
        "question": "591. There are several executing activities underway on your project. You are beginning to get concerned about the accuracy of the progress reporting your team members are doing. How could you verify whether there is a problem？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Quality audits",
            "B": "Risk quantification reports",
            "C": "Regression analysis",
            "D": "Monte carlo analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "你的项目中有几个执行活动正在进行中。你开始关注报告你团队成员做的工作进展的准确度。你如何能查证是否存在问题？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "质量审计",
            "B": "风险量化报告",
            "C": "回归分析",
            "D": "蒙特卡洛分析"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "591.答案：A。质量审计是质量保证过程必要的部分。它们帮助你评估在项目中是否有遵循这些过程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "592",
        "question": "592.Once the durations of the activities are calculated for a completed network, a forward pass and a backward pass will provide: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " the float of the activities",
            "B": " the early start and late start only ",
            "C": " the critical path",
            "D": " A and C"
        },
        "traQue": "一旦为一个完整网络计算出活动历时，顺推法与逆推法就会提供，",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "活动的总时差",
            "B": "只有最早开始与最晚开始时间",
            "C": "关键路径",
            "D": " A和C"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "592.参考答案：D。"
    },
    {
        "id": "593",
        "question": "593. Project expeditor is different from a project coordinator in that it: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " can make more decisions",
            "B": " reports to a higher-level management ",
            "C": " can make no decisions",
            "D": " has some authority"
        },
        "traQue": "项目联络员与项目协调员的不同点在于其:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "可以制订更多的决策",
            "B": "向更高层管理者报告",
            "C": "不能制订决策 ",
            "D": "有一些权限"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "593.参考答案：C知识要点：项目联络员不能制定决策，项目协调员可以做一部分决策"
    },
    {
        "id": "594",
        "question": "594. Resource leveling attempts to___.",
        "options": {
            "A": "reduce resource requirements by smoothing out period-to-period resource assignments",
            "B": "ensure that the budget abnormalities overcame",
            "C": "reduce the amount of resources so that can be shared with on other endeavors",
            "D": "increase the amount of the project manager’s authority so that budget dollars can be appropriated"
        },
        "traQue": "资源平衡试图___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "通过平滑周期间资源分配来减少资源需求",
            "B": "确保已经克服预算异常情况",
            "C": "减少资源数量，以便将资源用于其他项目",
            "D": "增加项目经理的权限以保证合适的预算尺度"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "594.答案：A。见《PMBOK指南》第五版6.6.2.4。"
    },
    {
        "id": "595",
        "question": "595.During project executing a project team member informs the project manager that based on her observations, the project cannot meet the quality standards set for it. The project manager meets with all parties concerned to analyze the situation. Which part of the quality management process is the project manager involved in:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Perform Quality Assurance.",
            "B": " Quality analysis.",
            "C": " Quality Control.",
            "D": " Plan Quality Management."
        },
        "traQue": "项目执行过程中，一团队成员告诉项目经理，根据她的研究，项目不能满足所设定的质量标准。于是项目经理和相关各方开会分析当前情况。项目经理正处于质量管理的哪个过程：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "实施质量保证。",
            "B": "质量分析。",
            "C": "控制质量。",
            "D": "规划质量管理。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "595.解析：1、题干描述质量标准已经设定，排除选项D；选项B为干扰项，排除；（选项C是确认可交付成果，与题干描述不符，排除；选项A为确保项目符合质量标准，本地答案为A；）2、区分实施质量保证和实施质量控制可以从两个过程的输出结果和所处的过程组记忆；3、(此题的场景需要抽取关键信息来区分不同选项。)根据题意，是项目执行过程中，发现项目不能满足质量指标，然后进行分析；是在实施质量保证。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "596",
        "question": "596. When is integration performed? ",
        "options": {
            "A": "Project planning.",
            "B": "Project execution. ",
            "C": "At key interface points. ",
            "D": "At the end of each project management phase. "
        },
        "traQue": "何时进行整合管理？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目计划时。",
            "B": "项目执行时。",
            "C": "在关键接口点。",
            "D": "在项目管理每个阶段结束时。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "596.答案：C。在项目的关键接口点，必须对结果进行汇总和总结。"
    },
    {
        "id": "597",
        "question": "597.One of the types of cost estimation is Order of Magnitude.This estimate ______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "is performed when detailed information is available",
            "B": "is performed when little if any information is available",
            "C": "is usde in the beginning of the project conceptualization ",
            "D": "B and C"
        },
        "traQue": "数量级估算是成本估算的一种形式。这种方法 ______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "当详细信息可获取的情况下采用",
            "B": "在信息量很少的情况下采用",
            "C": "在项目概念化的初始阶段采用",
            "D": "B和C"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "597.答案：D。见《PMBOK指南》第五版7.2估算成本概述部分。"
    },
    {
        "id": "598",
        "question": "598. Tools and techniques for project team development include all except ______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "team-building activities",
            "B": "general management skills",
            "C": "role and responsibility assignments",
            "D": "rewards and recognition systems"
        },
        "traQue": "建设项目团队所采用的工具和技术包括以下所有，除了_______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "团队建设活动",
            "B": "通用管理技能",
            "C": "角色和职责的分配",
            "D": "奖励和表扬体系"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "598.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版9.3.2."
    },
    {
        "id": "599",
        "question": "599. A cost management plan contains a description of: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " The project costs. ",
            "B": " How resources are allocateD",
            "C": " The budgets and how they were calculateD",
            "D": " Define the WBS and points at which measurement of control accounts will be performeD"
        },
        "traQue": "成本管理计划包括：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目的成本。",
            "B": " 资源如何分配。",
            "C": " 预算以及预算的计算方法。",
            "D": " 定义WBS 中用于绩效测量的控制账户。"
        },
        "analysis": "599.解析：我们要学习触类旁通，每个管理计划（成本管理计划，进度管理计划，需求管理计划，风险管理计划，沟通管理计划，人力资源管理计划，采购管理计划）的内容一定要记忆。选项A在项目文件中记录，选项B在人力资源管理计划中描述，选项C的预算在项目文件中记录.答案D",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "600",
        "question": "600. You have been appointed project manager for a new project in your organization and must prepare a project plan. To help you provide the framework for this project，you decide to prepare a WBS to show the magnitude and complexity of the work involved . No WBS templates are available to help you. To prepare the WBS,you first step should be to_____. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "determine the cost and duration estimates for each project deliverable. ",
            "B": "identify the major project deliverable",
            "C": "indentify the components of each project deliverable",
            "D": "determine the key tasks to be performed"
        },
        "traQue": "@600.你已经被任命为一个新项目的经理，必须编制一份项目计划。为了给项目提供整体框架，你决定准备一个工作分解结构（WBS.来说明工作的复杂程度和工作量的大小。但是现在没有现成的WBS模板可供利用。为准备WBS你做到第一步是_____。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "为每个项目的交付成果确定成本的持续时间",
            "B": "确定项目的主要交付成果",
            "C": "明确每个项目交付成果的时间",
            "D": "确定要执行的主要任务"
        },
        "analysis": "600.答案：B。WBS的制作就是把项目的可交付成果分解为更小的、便于管理的组成部分，直到工作和可交付成果定义到工作细目（工作包）水平。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版5.4.2.1。所以，在创建WBS以前，首先要确定的是项目的主要交付成果。",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "601",
        "question": "601. The project plan is important in change control because it-",
        "options": {
            "A": " Provides the baseline against which changes are manageD",
            "B": " Provides information on project performance.",
            "C": " Alerts the project team to issues that may cause problems in the future. ",
            "D": " Is expected to change throughout the project. "
        },
        "traQue": "@601.项目计划对于变更控制非常重要，这是因为它可以：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 针对管理哪些变更提供基准计划。",
            "B": " 为执行项目提供信息。",
            "C": " 提醒项目小组哪些问题将来可能引起问题。",
            "D": " 在整个项目期间变化。"
        },
        "analysis": "601.解析：只有有了对照的基准，变更才有意义，如果没有参照物，也就无所谓变更控制。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "602",
        "question": "602.A management team is trying to decide if it will continue working on a project that has spent US$500,000. The original estimate for work completed to date was US $200,000. The difference between the actual cost and the original estimate (US $300,000. is a(n.: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " customer cost.",
            "B": " example of how bad the schedule was",
            "C": " direct cost.",
            "D": " sunk cost."
        },
        "traQue": "@602.一个管理团队正在确定是否继续某项目，这个项目已经花费了500,000美元。到目前已完成工作的最初估算为200,000美元。介于最初估算与实际成本之间的的$300,000美元称为： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 客户成本. ",
            "B": " 进度表多么差的一个例子",
            "C": " 直接成本. ",
            "D": " 沉没成本."
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "602.参考答案：D。沉没成本是指目前为止，已经发生的成本，或者没有带来价值的成本。"
    },
    {
        "id": "603",
        "question": "603.What diagram is used to illustrate the connections between work to be completed and team resources?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Resource histogram",
            "B": " Organizational chart",
            "C": " Control chart",
            "D": " RACI chart"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一种图表示用来说明需要完成的工作与团队资源之间的关系?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 资源直方图",
            "B": " 组织图",
            "C": " 控制图",
            "D": " RACI图"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "603.答案：D。PMBOK2012中9.1.2.1RACI（执行、负责、咨询和知情）图是RAM的一个例子，其最左边的一列表示有待完成的工作（活动）。可以针对个人或小组，分配工作。"
    },
    {
        "id": "604",
        "question": "604.A list of project documentation, project closure documents, and historical information produced by a project is referred to as which of the following?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Process assets",
            "B": " Project deliverables",
            "C": " Project charter ",
            "D": " Business case"
        },
        "traQue": "一份项目过程中产生的项目文件、项目收尾文件以及历史信息清单是指下列哪一项？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "过程资产",
            "B": "项目可交付成果",
            "C": "项目章程",
            "D": "商业案例"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "604.答案：A。见PMBOK2012中4.6.3.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "605",
        "question": "605. Using this data，what is the expected time for this activity？",
        "options": {
            "A": "12days.",
            "B": "13days.",
            "C": "17days.",
            "D": "16day"
        },
        "traQue": "使用上面的信息，这个活动的期望时间是多少？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "12天。",
            "B": "13天。",
            "C": "17天。",
            "D": "16天。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "605.答案：B。（10+4×12+20）/6=13。"
    },
    {
        "id": "606",
        "question": "606. What leadership style should you employ during the first two weeks of project planning?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Coaching",
            "B": "Directing",
            "C": "Supporting",
            "D": "Facilitating"
        },
        "traQue": "@606.在编制项目计划过程的前两周，你应该使用什么领导风格？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "教练",
            "B": "指导",
            "C": "支持",
            "D": "推动"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "606.答案：B。这里需要注意的是“前两周”。当项目经理刚开始带领一个团队开始一个项目时，需要的是指导（directing）。在团队成员变得可以自我激励后，就可以使用其他领导风格了。"
    },
    {
        "id": "607",
        "question": "607.Three-Point Estimates:",
        "options": {
            "A": " typically has 3 time estimates to assist in the prediction of the expected value of activity duration.",
            "B": " is event oriented with activity on arrow",
            "C": " will have only one time estimate per activity ",
            "D": " A and B"
        },
        "traQue": "三点估算法:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "一般有三种估计时间帮助预测活动历时期望值",
            "B": "以事件为中心，在箭头上表示活动",
            "C": "每项活动仅有一个时间估计值",
            "D": " A和B"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "607.参考答案：A。"
    },
    {
        "id": "608",
        "question": "608. Which of the following is not necessary at the time of project end？",
        "options": {
            "A": " Negotiate with functional managers for relocation of team members to the functional departments.",
            "B": " Transfer the project’s products,services,or results",
            "C": " Gather lessons learned",
            "D": " Have a celebration"
        },
        "traQue": "在项目结束，下面哪一项是不必要的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 与职能经理谈判，将团队成员重新安置到职能部门",
            "B": " 移交项目的产品、服务或成果",
            "C": " 收集经验教训",
            "D": " 进行庆祝"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "608.参考答案：A知识要点：默认是矩阵组织中做项目，项目结束，团队成员自动回到部门，不需要谈判的。其他三项是项目收尾需要做的活动"
    },
    {
        "id": "609",
        "question": "609. You are managing a multi-million dollar project that is a joint venture between your company and another organization. You have repeatedly tried to get the contract and the project charter finalized between the two organizations, but there has been a great deal of arguing over language and details. The project's scope has been expanding, costs have been increasing, and the schedule has been regularly lengthening. You learn very suddenly that the project has been cancelled, because the other organization withdrew its share of the funding for the project. What is the MOST likely reason that this occurred?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Failure to understand the budgetary process.",
            "B": " Inadequate scope management.",
            "C": " Lack of sponsor commitment.",
            "D": " Poorly done initial cost-benefit analysis."
        },
        "traQue": "你正在管理一个数百万美元的项目，这个项目你的公司和另外一公司合资建设的。尽管你一直在努力，但由于语言和一些细节问题，合同和项目章程一直未有结果。项目范围不断扩大，项目预算不断增加，进度也不断被延长。这时你突然发现，由于另外公司撤资，项目被取消了。发生此问题的根本原因是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 对预算流程缺乏理解。",
            "B": " 缺乏范围管理。",
            "C": " 缺乏发起人的承诺。",
            "D": " 成本收益分析不当。"
        },
        "analysis": "609.解析：1、从题干的信息得知“合同和项目章程一直未有结果”，项目章程的批准，标志着项目的正式启动，可见项目章程的重要性，而项目章程的内容包括了委派的项目经理及其职责和权限，授权项目经理在项目活动中使用组织资源，即发起人对项目经理的承诺；同时项目章程还包括了项目的总体要求，总体里程碑进度计划和总体预算，因此，如果没有项目章程，项目的范围、进度和成本就很难控制，出现了题干所说的“项目范围不断扩大，项目预算不断增加，进度也不断被延长”，所以正确答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "610",
        "question": "610. All of the following are correct statements about a project manager except?",
        "options": {
            "A": " They are assigned after work performance reports are distributed",
            "B": " They have the authority to say no when necessary",
            "C": " They manage changes and factors that create change",
            "D": " They are held accountable for project success or failure"
        },
        "traQue": "下列都是关于项目经理的正确描述，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 他们在工作绩效报告分发之后被指派到项目中",
            "B": "他们有在必要时说不的权力",
            "C": "他们管理变更以及产生变更的因素",
            "D": " 他们对项目的成功或失败负责"
        },
        "analysis": "610.A答案说的是只是说对预算流程缺乏理解，但题干中还提到了范围扩大，进度落后，A答案不全面；同理B答案也是片面的；D答案说的成本收益分析，是在选择项目时做的事情，与范围扩大，进度落后，成本超支无关；答案C",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "611",
        "question": "611. A project manager is in the process of validate scope of a deliverable with the customer. What is the MOST important thing the project manager should ensure?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Accuracy.",
            "B": " Timeliness.",
            "C": " Acceptance.",
            "D": " Completeness."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在确认可交付成果的范围。此时项目经理最需要确保的是？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "精确度。",
            "B": "合时性。",
            "C": "接受。",
            "D": "完整。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "611.参考答案：A知识要点：项目经理尽早分配，在启动过程组（制定项目章程过程）就分配。选项A的工作绩效报告属于监控过程组的输出"
    },
    {
        "id": "612",
        "question": "612. The following could all be signs of decreasing team motivation except for ______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "scope change",
            "B": "project staff turnover",
            "C": "absenteeism",
            "D": "conflicts between team members"
        },
        "traQue": "下列各项除了_______之外都是降低团队动力的迹象。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "范围变更",
            "B": "项目人员流动",
            "C": "旷工",
            "D": "团队成员之间的冲突"
        },
        "analysis": "612.解析：1.核实范围的主要目的是确保客户接受已完成的可交付成果，所以C正确.2.精确度（A）是质量控制关注的内容，及时性（B）是进度控制关注的内容，（D）是范围控制关注的内容。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "613",
        "question": "613. An example of velidate scope is____.",
        "options": {
            "A": "review the performance of an installed software module",
            "B": "managing changes to the project schedule",
            "C": "decomposing the WBS to a work package level",
            "D": "performing a benefit/cost analysis to determine if we should proceed with the project"
        },
        "traQue": "确认范围的一个例子是____。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "评审一个已安装的软件模块的特性",
            "B": "管理对项目进度的变更",
            "C": "将WBS分解到工作包层次",
            "D": "进行收益/成本分析以决定项目是否进行下去"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "613.答案：A。旷工、项目人员流动和团队冲突都是团队动机降低的迹象。一个项目经理必须及时采取措施。注意，不停的范围变更也可以起到涣散团队的催化剂作用。"
    },
    {
        "id": "614",
        "question": "614.Two months into a design project, the customer requested a modification to the product. The change was made without notifying the project manager. During the final testing phase, results were different then what was planned for. This scenario is BEST thought of as an example of which of the following?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Poor scope control.",
            "B": " Poor adherence to the communications management plan.",
            "C": " Poor development of the quality management plan.",
            "D": " Poor definition of the test plan."
        },
        "traQue": "一个设计项目经历了两个月后，客户要求修改产品，项目经理对此事并不知情。在最终测试阶段，测试结果和计划规定的不符。这是以下哪个选项的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 范围控制的较差。",
            "B": " 未遵循沟通管理计划。",
            "C": " 质量管理计划规划的不到位。",
            "D": " 对测试计划的定义规定不足。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "614.答案:A。确认范围使对已完成的工作〔可交付成果、进行检查以确定是否接受的过程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "615",
        "question": "615. A PM has just been hired and is trying to gain the cooperation of others. What is the best from of power for gaining cooperation under these circumstances?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Formal",
            "B": "Referent",
            "C": "Penalty",
            "D": "Expert"
        },
        "traQue": "一个刚刚受聘的项目经理正在努力获得他人的合作。在这种情况下，获得合作的最佳权力形式是________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "正式权力",
            "B": "潜示权力",
            "C": "惩罚权力",
            "D": "专家权力"
        },
        "analysis": "615.答案：A。通常，奖励或者专家权力是最佳的形式。但是本题中项目经理刚刚受聘，还没有时间和机会成为公司内的专家，惩罚当然也不是好的方法。只有正式权力才是正确的选项。",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "616",
        "question": "616.A major construction project has been having a lot of schedule changes due to unanticipated weather problems. Who is it BEST to notify of these changes? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Stakeholders.",
            "B": " Sponsor.",
            "C": " Project team.",
            "D": " Functional managers."
        },
        "traQue": "一个建筑项目由于无法预料的天气原因而频繁发生进度的变更。这些变更最好通知谁？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 干系人。",
            "B": " 发起人。",
            "C": " 项目团队。",
            "D": " 职能经理。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "616.解析：答案A 提示：变更要通知很多人，项目经理，项目团队，管理层，发起人，客户等，他们都是干系人。或者如果题目中有这样的选项“沟通管理计划中列出的人员”，那么，A则为最佳答案。"
    },
    {
        "id": "617",
        "question": "617. Project archives are",
        "options": {
            "A": " Documentation of the project’s product.",
            "B": " Lessons learned on the project.",
            "C": " A complete set of indexed project records.",
            "D": " Maintained only on an organization’s most significant and complex projects."
        },
        "traQue": "项目档案是",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "项目产品的说明文件。",
            "B": "从此项目中获取的经验和教训。",
            "C": "一整套编入索引的项目记录。",
            "D": "仅保留公司最重要和最复杂的项目。"
        },
        "analysis": "617.解析：1.项目活动中产生的各种记录以文件形式存在，经整理和索引后作为项目档案保存。因此选项C正确；2.选项A和B仅是项目档案的组成部分，因此选项A和B错；3.任何项目，无论其是否重要或复杂都应该将其文件归档，所以选项D错。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "618",
        "question": "618. 当一名团队成员为工作包定义活动时，找到你说目前信息不足，不能分解成具体的活动。你指示该成员，把工作包分解到里程碑的水平。这体现了？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 50-50规则",
            "B": " 100%规则 ",
            "C": " 滚动式规划",
            "D": " 你关心团队成员"
        },
        "analysis": "618.参考答案：C。",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "619",
        "question": "619. The procurement statement of work is completed on a project. However, the customer is not happy because she wants additional work to be completeD: In light of this, what should be done?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Begin the Close Procurements process and sign a new contract for the additional work.",
            "B": " Change to a cost reimbursable contract.",
            "C": " Tell the customer it is too late to make a change. ",
            "D": " Add to the procurement statement of work, and proceed with additional work after obtaining management's agreement."
        },
        "traQue": "项目的采购工作说明书规定的活动都已完成，但客户对此并不满意，她希望完成一些额外工作。在这种情况下，你应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 开始结束采购过程，针对新的工作再签订一份合同。",
            "B": " 将合同类型更改为成本补偿合同。",
            "C": " 告诉客户，现在提出变更为时已晚。",
            "D": " 在获得管理层认同后，将新增的额外活动增加到采购工作说明书后开始实施。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "619.解析：卖方只需完成合同规定的工作，如果在已规定的工作完成后还需要增加范围的话，需要通过正式的变更控制流程并获得批准。此题中，最佳的做法就是开始一个新合同。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "620",
        "question": "620. Which of the following is a KEY output of the Velidate Scope process?",
        "options": {
            "A": "A more complete scope management plan",
            "B": "Customer acceptance of project deliverables",
            "C": "Improved schedule estimates",
            "D": "An improved project management information system"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项是确认范围的关键输出？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "更加完整的项目范围管理计划",
            "B": "客户对项目可交付成果的验收",
            "C": "改进的进度估算",
            "D": "改进的项目管理信息系统"
        },
        "analysis": "620.答案：B。确认范围过程的输出是客户对可交付成果的验收。其它的选择都发生在项目规划时，正好在确认范围过程发生之前。",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "621",
        "question": "621. One of the main advantages of a matrix organization?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Improves project manager control over resources.",
            "B": " More than one boss for project team. ",
            "C": " Communication is easier.",
            "D": " Reporting is easier."
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一个是矩阵型组织的主要优点？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 它增强项目经理控制资源",
            "B": " 它允许项目团队有不止一个老板",
            "C": " 沟通更容易",
            "D": "汇报更容易"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "621.参考答案：A知识要点：组织结构的优缺点，默认是与职能型组织相比。与职能型组织相比，矩阵型组织中项目经理的权力要大一些，对资源的控制能力要强一些"
    },
    {
        "id": "622",
        "question": "622. Project management processes ensure the effective flow of the project throughout its existence. Product-oriented processes specify and create the project's product. Therefore, project management process and product-oriented process",
        "options": {
            "A": " Overlap and interact throughout the project",
            "B": " Are defined by the project life cycle",
            "C": " Are concerned with describing and organizing project work",
            "D": " Are similar for each application area"
        },
        "traQue": "项目管理过程确保项目自始至终顺利进行。 产品导向过程说明并创造项目产品。 因此项目管理过程和产品导向过程:",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 是重叠的并且在整个项目期间是交互影响的",
            "B": " 由项目的周期决定的 ",
            "C": " 与对项目工作的描述和组织有关",
            "D": " 在每个应用领域都是类似的"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "622.参考答案：A知识要点：项目管理过程和产品导向过程是重叠的"
    },
    {
        "id": "623",
        "question": "623.Validate Scope",
        "options": {
            "A": " Improves cost and schedule accuracy, particularly on projects using innovative techniques or technology",
            "B": " Is the last activity performed on a project before handoff to the customer?",
            "C": " Documents the characteristics of the product or service that the project was undertaken to create",
            "D": " Differs from quality control in that validate scope is concerned with the acceptance not the correctness-of the work results"
        },
        "traQue": "确认范围 ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "提高了成本与进度计划的准确性，尤其是在项目中利用创新技术或方法",
            "B": "项目在转交给客户之前所做的最后--项活动",
            "C": "对项目所承担创造的产品或服务的特性进行归档",
            "D": "与质量控制的不同之外在于确认范围关心工作结果的验收而非纠正"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "623.参考答案：D。确认范围在于验收可交付成果，控制质量在于确定可交付成果的正确性。"
    },
    {
        "id": "624",
        "question": "624. According to earned value report, the project achieved 30% complete. An identified risk which is categorized “known unknown” has occurred, and the PM has chosen to draw funds from contingency reserve and take necessary actions to deal with the problem. What should  he do next?",
        "options": {
            "A": " The schedule baseline should be changed; the cost baseline should not be changeD",
            "B": " The cost baseline should be changed; the schedule baseline should not be changeD",
            "C": " The schedule and cost baselines should not be changed because the event is a “known unknown”. ",
            "D": " The schedule and cost baselines should be changed to show the new work."
        },
        "traQue": "根据挣值报告，项目已经完成了30%。一个识别的“已知的未知”风险出现了，项目经理只好选择动用风险储备金并采取一些必要的活动来解决风险带来的问题。接下来他该做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 进度基准应该改变，成本基准不变。",
            "B": " 成本基准应该改变，进度基准不变。",
            "C": " 进度和成本基准不应该改变，因为这是一个“已知的未知”。",
            "D": " 进度和成本基准都应改变，以反应新的工作。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "624.参考答案：C。针对已知风险，使用应急储备。应急储备包含在成本基准和进度基准中。"
    },
    {
        "id": "625",
        "question": "625. A project manager has just been assigned a team that comes from many countries including Brazil, Japan, the US, and Britain. What is her BEST tool for success?",
        "options": {
            "A": "The responsibility assignment matrix (RAM.",
            "B": "The teleconference",
            "C": "Team communication with the WBS",
            "D": "Communication and well-developed people skills"
        },
        "traQue": "一名项目经理刚刚被任命到一个项目团队中，团队成员来自多个国家包括巴西，日本，美国以及英国。她获得成功最好的工具是？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "责任分配矩阵（RAM.",
            "B": "远程电话会议",
            "C": "WBS辅助的项目沟通",
            "D": "沟通和良好的人际关系技巧"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "625.答案：D。和来自不同文化，有着不同文化价值观和信仰的人共同工作迫使对基本定义和文化影响区域有了解。作为一名项目经理，我们需要有好的沟通技巧，并且愿意适应其他的文化。"
    },
    {
        "id": "626",
        "question": "626. Who is responsible for the activity duration estimation?",
        "options": {
            "A": " project manager",
            "B": " the person on the project team who is most familiar with the nature of the activity",
            "C": " the person on the project team who is responsible for the activity",
            "D": " sponsor "
        },
        "traQue": "谁负责活动历时估算？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目经理",
            "B": " 熟悉这个活动本质的团队成员",
            "C": " 负责这个活动的项目团队成员",
            "D": " 赞助人"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "626.参考答案：B。估算是专家的工作，由最熟悉的人员来估算活动时间。"
    },
    {
        "id": "627",
        "question": "627. Your project has had a major defect and you have gotten the project team and the quality engineers involved in problem analysis. There are three different opinions of what the cause of the problem might he. In order to get the root of the problem you decide to use a cause-and-effect diagram. Which of the following would best describe what the group is involved in？",
        "options": {
            "A": "Quality analysis",
            "B": "Quality planning",
            "C": "Quality control Perform quality control",
            "D": "Quality assurance Perform quality assurance"
        },
        "traQue": "项目出现了严重的缺陷，你将项目团队和质量工程师召集在一起分析问题。关于问题原因，存在三种不同的看法。为了确定问题根本原因，你决定使用因果图。下列哪项能最恰当地概括项目团队和工程师正在进行的工作？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "质量分析",
            "B": "规划质量",
            "C": "质量控制",
            "D": "实施质量保证"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "627.答案：C。这些人正在分析一个实际已经发生的缺陷，属于事后控制，所以说处在质量控制中，并且，根据《PMBOK指南》第五版8.3，控制质量“识别过程低效或产品质量低劣的原因，并建议和/或采取措施来消除这些原因”。如果是分析一个正在进行的过程，属于事前控制，则应该是处于实施质量保证过程中。"
    },
    {
        "id": "628",
        "question": "628. A project is in progress, and the project manager is working with the quality assurance department to improve stakeholders' confidence that the project will satisfy the quality standards. Which of the following is an output of this process? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Quality problems ",
            "B": " Quality metrics ",
            "C": " Recommended corrective action ",
            "D": " Quality audits "
        },
        "traQue": "项目正在进行中，而项目经理和质量保证部门的人员一起协作，以提高干系人对项目遵循质量标准的信心。那么，该过程的输出是：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 质量问题。",
            "B": " 质量测量指标。",
            "C": " 推荐的纠正措施。",
            "D": " 质量审计。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "628.解析：1、实施质量保证的输出有4个：组织过程资产，变更请求，项目管理计划，项目文件；2、A和B都是实施质量保证的输入。D是工具与技术。C是变更请求的一种。所以答案为C。3、知识梳理：变更请求包括：纠正措施、缺陷补救和预防措施。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "629",
        "question": "629. If a project manager focuses on ensuring that the project satisfies the needs for which it was undertaken, the project manager is involved in:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Cost management.",
            "B": " Time management.",
            "C": " Quality management.",
            "D": " Scope management."
        },
        "traQue": "如果项目经理一直关注确保项目满足需求，项目经理正处于：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "成本管理。",
            "B": "时间管理。",
            "C": "质量管理。",
            "D": "范围管理。"
        },
        "analysis": "629.解析：提干中提到“符合需求”，当然和质量有关。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "630",
        "question": "630. 自上而下估算也是？",
        "options": {
            "A": "专家判断",
            "B": "储备分析",
            "C": "三点估算",
            "D": "蒙特卡洛"
        },
        "analysis": "630.参考答案：A。自上而下估算就是一种专家判断法。",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "631",
        "question": "631.Starting from formal scope change request by an internal stakeholder,a project manager has taken scope change control process.What is the next step?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Ensure the stakeholder understood the impact of the change",
            "B": " Before you move into next step.make sure that there will not be any more changes",
            "C": " Submit the change for the approval by change control board(CCB",
            "D": " Complete integrated change control"
        },
        "traQue": "从内部干系人的正式范围变更请求开始，项目经理采取了范围变更控制过程。下一步做什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 确保干系人理解变更的影响",
            "B": " 在你开始下一步之前，确保再没有任何变更",
            "C": " 通过变更控制委员会提交批准的变更",
            "D": " 完成整体变更控制"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "631.参考答案：D。范围变更控制须与实施整体变更控制结合处理。"
    },
    {
        "id": "632",
        "question": "632. All of following should be done by the project manager during project control EXCEPT＿＿. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "determine that a change has occurreD",
            "B": "ensure that a change is agreeD",
            "C": "make sure all changes are approved by management. ",
            "D": "manage changes as they occur. "
        },
        "traQue": "在项目控制过程中，项目经理应该执行的工作不包括＿＿。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "确定已经发生变更。",
            "B": "确保变更已得到同意。",
            "C": "确认所有变更都获得管理层批准。",
            "D": "在变更发生时，对变更进行管理。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "632.答案：C。管理层不需要批准所有变更。任命项目经理管理项目就是为了这种原因。"
    },
    {
        "id": "633",
        "question": "633. The main focuses of managing a project include: identifying requirements,establishing clear and achievable objectives, and:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Making sure all the scope is identified in initiating.",
            "B": " Eliminating the need for any changes.",
            "C": " Balancing competing demands for scope,time,cost,etC",
            "D": " Holding status meetings with the team."
        },
        "traQue": "项目管理的主要关注点包括：识别需求、制定清晰的可实现的项目目标以及：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 确保在启动阶段识别所有的项目范围。",
            "B": " 避免变更需求。",
            "C": " 平衡范围、时间和成本三者之间的关系。",
            "D": " 和团队成员开项目状态会议。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "633.解析：1、选项C在1.3章节有详细说明.2、选项A错误，因为应该在项目的整个过程都要不断的识别范围，而不单单在启动阶段。不能避免全部的变更，所以选项B错误。项目状态会议（选项D）不是管理项目的关键。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "634",
        "question": "634. A new project manager asks you what the 50/50 rule is used for. You would reply:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Crashing.",
            "B": " Quality.",
            "C": " Performance reporting.",
            "D": " Cost estimating."
        },
        "traQue": "一位新项目经理问你如何使用50/50规则，你的回答是： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 赶工。",
            "B": " 质量。",
            "C": " 绩效报告。",
            "D": " 成本估算。"
        },
        "analysis": "634.解析：1、50/50是指只要项目开始实施即认为完成了50%的工作，全部完成工作后认为完成了另外的50%。2、赶工是一种具体的项目进度压缩技术，排除A.3、质量Quality：一系列内在特性满足要求的程度，50/50规则不使用，排除B.4、“成本估算是在某特定时点，根据已知信息所做出的成本预测”答案D最具疑惑性。如果熟悉50/50规则，会知道这个规则是用于确定项目进度的。答案C",
        "right": "D"
    },
    {
        "id": "635",
        "question": "635.Scope decomposition involves subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller pieces to:",
        "options": {
            "A": " improve accuracy of estimates, define a baseline for performance, and to assist responsibilityassignments. ",
            "B": " provide more tasks to assign resources.",
            "C": " provide the project duration, provide project control, and assign control charts.",
            "D": " assist in stakeholder assignment to project tasks."
        },
        "traQue": "范围分解通过将大的项目可交付成果分解为较小的组织部分以： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 改进估算的准确程度，定义项目绩效的基线，而且有助于职责分配 ",
            "B": " 准备更多的任务去分配资源 ",
            "C": " 提供项目历时，提供项目控制，分配控制图 ",
            "D": " 帮助向项目干系人分配项目任务"
        },
        "analysis": "635.参考答案：A。",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "636",
        "question": "636.You are managing a construction project for a new city water system. The contract requires you to use special titanium piping equipment that is guaranteed not to corrode. It also requires the use of kryptonite bolts to assemble the piping system. Because kryptonite has a mass density that is 16 times its weight, the pipe must be resting in the ground a total of 10 days before the bolts can be installeD: In this example, the 10-day period is defined as",
        "options": {
            "A": " Lag",
            "B": " Lead",
            "C": " Float",
            "D": " Slack"
        },
        "traQue": "你负责管理一个城市用水系统项目。为了避免水管生锈，合同上要求使用铁合金的管道设备， 此外还要用不锈钢铆钉来组装这些管道。根据某些技术要求，这些管道放置好以后要过10天才能装铆钉。这10天被称作：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 滞后时间",
            "B": " 前置时间",
            "C": " 浮动时间",
            "D": " 松弛时间"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "636.参考答案：A。滞后时间的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "637",
        "question": "637.Several types of float are found in project networks. Float that is used by a particular activity and does not affect the float in later activities is called",
        "options": {
            "A": " Extra float",
            "B": " Free float.",
            "C": " Total float",
            "D": " Expected float"
        },
        "traQue": "在项目工作网络中有几种类型的浮动期。那些在特定活动中使用并且不影响后来活动的浮动期被称作",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 多余的浮动期",
            "B": " 自由的浮动期",
            "C": " 总的浮动期 ",
            "D": " 预期的浮动期"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "637.参考答案：B。自由时差的定义。"
    },
    {
        "id": "638",
        "question": "638. 变更请求由下述人员提出？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目经理",
            "B": " 职能经理",
            "C": " 干系人",
            "D": " 发起人"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "638.参考答案：C知识要点：每一位干系人都可以提交变更请求"
    },
    {
        "id": "639",
        "question": "639. The team members on your project have been complaining that do not have sense of identity as a team because they are located in different areas of the building. To remdey this situation， you developed a project logo and had it printed on T-shirts to promote the project， but this action has not workeD: Your next step is to _______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "initiate a newsletter",
            "B": "create an air of mystery about the project",
            "C": "establish a “war room”",
            "D": "issus guidelines on how team members should interact with other stakeholders"
        },
        "traQue": "你的项目团队成员总是抱怨没有项目团队的整体感，因为人们分别在不同的地方工作。为了改善这种状况，你设计了一个项目口号并且将其印在T恤衫上来提高大家的集体感，但是这一做法没有起到多大作用。你下一步要______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "印发实事通信",
            "B": "创造一种关于这个项目的神秘感",
            "C": "建立一个“作战室”",
            "D": "发布一个关于团队成员应该如何同主要的项目利害相关者相互合作的指导方针"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "639.答案：C。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版9.3.2.5。针对这个题目中提到，团队成员在不同的地方工作，因而集中办公将能够加强沟通和培养集体感。"
    },
    {
        "id": "640",
        "question": "640. As applied to projects, temporary means that—",
        "options": {
            "A": " Projects are short in duration",
            "B": " Every project has a definite beginning and end ",
            "C": " The undertaking will end at an undetermined time in the future",
            "D": " Projects can be canceled at any time"
        },
        "traQue": "对项目来说，“临时”的意思是： ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目的工期短",
            "B": " 每个项目都有确定的开始和结束点 ",
            "C": " 项目未来完成时间未定",
            "D": " 项目随时可以取消"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "640.参考答案：B知识要点：项目的特点"
    },
    {
        "id": "641",
        "question": "641.A project is facing a major change to its project deliverable. If the project manager is involved in determining which quality standards are relevant to the change, the project manager must be involved in: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " quality management",
            "B": " perform quality assurance ",
            "C": " plan quality management",
            "D": " control quality "
        },
        "traQue": "一项目面临可交付成果的重大变化。如果项目经理要决定哪些质量标准与该变化有关，那么项目经理必须也要参与：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 质量管理",
            "B": " 实施质量保证",
            "C": " 规划质量管理",
            "D": " 控制质量"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "641.答案：C。虽然规划质量总是在编制项目计划时发生，但当发生变化时，它也可以在项目执行时进行。"
    },
    {
        "id": "642",
        "question": "642. During a routine walkthrough, you discover that a seller has neglected to properly produce a major component of a deliverable. The seller tells you that the component is not included in the contract. What should you do FIRST?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Insist that the seller follow his quality assurance plans.",
            "B": " Send a letter to the seller insisting that the contract be adhered to.",
            "C": " Determine if the seller is correct, and whether the component could be reasonably considered part of the contract.",
            "D": " Inform the project sponsor of the discrepancy."
        },
        "traQue": "在例行检查中，你发现一卖方漏做了某一可交付成果中一个关键零件。卖方告诉你说合同中不包括这个零件。你首先应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 坚持卖方遵循他的质量保证计划。",
            "B": " 给卖方发封信件，要求他们遵守合同。",
            "C": " 确定卖方的说法是否正确。",
            "D": " 将此事告诉给项目发起人。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "642.解析：1、虽然采购管理员可以是项目团队成员，但他通常向另一部门的经理报告。题干中说卖方告诉你说合同中不包括你经检查发现的卖方漏做的某一可交付成果中一个关键零件，所以你首先要对采购进行检查和审计，确定卖方说法是否正确，因此选项C为正确选项；2、选项A是质量管理的内容，与题干要求无直接关系，所以不对；3、选项B是在检查和审计后才酌情考虑需采取的措施，而不应该首先去做，因此选项B不正确；4、在真实情况弄清楚前，不应告诉项目发起人，因此选项D也不对。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "643",
        "question": "643.While the project is being completed, management requests a change. What is the FIRST thing the project manager should do? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Comply with the request if possible",
            "B": " Obtain a complete understanding of the scope of the change",
            "C": " Tell the customer that a change will be coming ",
            "D": " Ask the team to accept the change"
        },
        "traQue": "项目完成的时候，管理层要求进行个变更，项目经理首先应该做什么？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 如果可能完成这个要求 ",
            "B": " 对范围的变更获得完全的理解 ",
            "C": " 告诉客户变更即将发生",
            "D": " 要求团队接受此变更"
        },
        "analysis": "643.参考答案：B知识要点：变更管理需要先了解变更",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "644",
        "question": "644. Project success depends primarily on-",
        "options": {
            "A": " The quality of the schedule and cost control analysis",
            "B": " Customer satisfaction",
            "C": " Customer compromise in defining its needs",
            "D": " Exceeding customer requirements through gold-plating"
        },
        "traQue": "项目的成功依赖于，",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "进度计划和成本控制分析的质量",
            "B": "客户满意",
            "C": "在定义客户需求时客户的妥协",
            "D": "通过提供额外服务.超越客户的要求"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "644.参考答案：B知识要点：项目的成功依赖于客户满意，客户是项目的关键干系人"
    },
    {
        "id": "645",
        "question": "645. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate thing to do during the closing process group?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Hold inspections of work packages.",
            "B": "Perform procurement audits.",
            "C": "Obtain formal acceptance of the project scope from the customer.",
            "D": "Do project performance appraisals."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项应该在收尾过程组完成？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 对工作包进行检查。",
            "B": " 实施采购审计。",
            "C": " 让客户正式接受项目范围。",
            "D": " 评估项目绩效。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "645.解析：1、选项A和C是监控功能。选项D发生在执行过程。很多人误选了C，认为收尾包括对客户对产品的接受，但对范围的认可应该发生在整个项目阶段2、B：采购审计是采购管理中“结束采购”的工具和技术，“结束采购”发生在收尾过程组。答案B"
    },
    {
        "id": "646",
        "question": "646. An activity needs more time because an identified risk has occurreD: The project manager determines that there is enough reserve to accommodate the change, who needs to approve the change?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Management.",
            "B": " Project manager.",
            "C": " Team member.",
            "D": " Functional manager."
        },
        "traQue": "由于发生了一项已识别的风险导致某一活动将要延时。项目经理确定还有足够的储备来满足这项变更。那么，谁来批准这项变更？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "管理层。",
            "B": "项目经理。",
            "C": "团队成员。",
            "D": "职能经理。"
        },
        "analysis": "646.解析：因为项目经理前提已经预估好了此部分储备，应该属于应急储备的内容，针对应急储备的内容只要在项目的预算范围内，项目经理有权动用该储备进行项目管理工作，所以B是正确的。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "647",
        "question": "647. This tool and technique of Risk Monitoring and Control is interested in looking at the implementation and the effective use of the transference, avoidance, and mitigation risk strategies. What is it? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Risk reassessment.",
            "B": " Project change requests.",
            "C": " Project risk audit.",
            "D": " Workaround plans."
        },
        "traQue": "这是一个风险监控的工具方法，它被用以查看风险策略中转移、规避和减轻的实施以及有效性，它是什么？ ",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 风险再评估。",
            "B": " 项目变更请求。",
            "C": " 项目风险审计。",
            "D": " 临时权变计划。"
        },
        "analysis": "647.解析：题干中描述的“风险策略中转移、规避和减轻”就是“风险应对措施”，根据11.6.2.2知识点可知风险审计（C）正是题干中所描述的工具方法。选项A、B、D的概念都与题干不符。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "648",
        "question": "648.Which one of project estimation technique is normally used in conjunction with all of the other estimation method?",
        "options": {
            "A": "ParametriC",
            "B": "Bottom-up",
            "C": "Extrapolation. ",
            "D": "Historical. "
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪个项目估算技术通常和所有其他估算方法合用？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "参数法。",
            "B": "自下而上法。",
            "C": "外推法。",
            "D": "历史法。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "648.答案：D。历史与现实的结合才能产生更加真实合理的估算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "649",
        "question": "649. Perform quality assurance is a (an.",
        "options": {
            "A": " Planning process",
            "B": " Executing process",
            "C": " Monitoring and controlling process",
            "D": " Closing process"
        },
        "traQue": "实施质量保证是一个",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 规划过程",
            "B": " 执行过程",
            "C": " 监控过程",
            "D": " 收尾过程"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "649.参考答案：B知识要点：项目管理过程组与知识领域"
    },
    {
        "id": "650",
        "question": "650. Which of the following is a KEY way to improve activity cost estimates?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Use historical datA",
            "B": "Let management create the management reserve and the activity cost estimate.",
            "C": "Base activity estimates on the upper and lower control limits",
            "D": "Let the project manager create the activity cost estimate."
        },
        "traQue": "以下哪项是提高活动成本估算的关键因素？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 使用历史数据。",
            "B": " 让管理层确定管理储备和活动成本估算。",
            "C": " 根据控制上下限进行活动估算。",
            "D": " 让项目经理制定活动成本估算。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "650.解析：活动成本估算是需要团队成员尽可能参与制定的，所以选项B和D错误。选项C并不是提高成本估算的关键因素，而是随着信息越来越详细，估算的区间可缩小。历史数据是成本估算的依据，也是关键因素，所以选项A是正确的。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "651",
        "question": "651. A project manager gets a call from a team member notifying him that there is a variance between the speed of a system on the project and the desired or planned speeD:the project manager is surprised because that performance measurement was not identified in planning. If the project manager then evaluates whether the variance warrants a response, he is in what project management process?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Initiating.",
            "B": " Executing.",
            "C": " Monitoring and controlling.",
            "D": " Closing."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理从一团队成员的电话里得知，一个系统进度和计划的进度有偏差。项目经理很吃惊，因为在制定计划时没有识别出这一绩效标准。如果项目经理评估是否要对这个偏差采取应对措施，此时项目处于项目的哪个管理阶段？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "启动。",
            "B": "执行。",
            "C": "监控。",
            "D": "收尾。"
        },
        "analysis": "651.解析：1、尽管在制定计划时没有识别出这个绩效标准，项目经理依然需要评估偏差的重要程度。所以项目处于监控阶段。控制进度：工具与技术包括1．绩效审查2．资源优化技术等,因此答案C正确；2、启动过程组是获得授权，定义一个新项目或现有项目的一个新阶段，正式开始该项目或阶段的一组过程；执行过程组是完成项目管理计划中确定的工作以实现项目目标的一组过程；收尾过程组是为完结所有过程组的所有活动以正式结束项目或阶段而实施的一组过程；所以答案A、B、D都不对。答案C",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "652",
        "question": "652. You are responsible for a systems integration project in your organization that has multiple internal customers. You have just begun preparing a project plan. Because many people in your prganization are interested in this system and its progress，you decide to prepare a project communications management plan. Your first step in preparing this plan is to _______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "conduct a stakeholder analysis to assess information needs",
            "B": "determine a production schedule to show when each type of communication will be produced",
            "C": "describe the information you plan to distribute",
            "D": "set up a repository for all project documents so that they will be easily accessible"
        },
        "traQue": "你是一个系统整合项目的负责人，该项目在你公司中有很多内部项目干系人。现在你要着手准备编写项目计划。由于在公司中有很多人都对这个系统以及它的进展非常感兴趣，因此你决定准备一个项目沟通管理计划。在准备此计划时，你要做的第一步是______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "进行项目干系人分析，评估各个项目干系人的信息需求",
            "B": "制定一张生产进度时间表来明确实施每种类型沟通的时间",
            "C": "对你计划要传达的信息进行描述",
            "D": "建立一个所有项目文件的数据库，以方便各个项目干系人随时查找"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "652.答案：A。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版10.1.2.1沟通需求分析。"
    },
    {
        "id": "653",
        "question": "653.Your program manager has come to you, the project manager, for help with a bid for her newest project. You want to protect your company from financial risk. You have limited scope definition. What is the BEST type of contract to choose? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Firm Fixed Price Contracts (FFP. ",
            "B": " Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment Contracts (FP-EPA",
            "C": " Time and material Contracts (T&M. ",
            "D": " Cost plus fixed fee Contracts (CPFF. "
        },
        "traQue": "你是项目经理，你的部门经理来找你，要你帮助她投标新的项目。你想保护你的公司免受金融风险，你的范围定义很有限。最好选择哪种合同？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "固定总价合同（FFP.",
            "B": "总价加经济价格调整合同（FP-EPA",
            "C": "工料合同(T&M.",
            "D": "成本加固定费(CPFF."
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "653.答案：D。选择合同类型首先要从买卖方的风险角度考虑，题中你是卖方，所以使用成本加成类合同。"
    },
    {
        "id": "654",
        "question": "654. Based on quality control measurements on your manufacturing project，management releases that immediate corrective action is required to the material requirements planning（MRP.system to prevent future problems on other projects and to minimize rework. To implement the necessary changes you should follow 。",
        "options": {
            "A": "the organization’s quality policy",
            "B": "the quality management plan",
            "C": "established operational definitions and procedures",
            "D": "procedures for integrated change control"
        },
        "traQue": "你负责管理一个生产项目，基于对产品的质量控制进行的检查，上层领导认为，为了防止在未来其他项目上出现问题，同时要将返工率降到最低，有必要对物料需求计划系统采取必要的改正措施。要执行必要的变更，你应该遵循 。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "公司的质量政策",
            "B": "质量管理计划",
            "C": "确立的操作定义和程序",
            "D": "整体变更控制的程序"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "654.答案：D。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版8.3.3.5：“如果推荐的纠正措施、预防措施或缺陷补救导致需要对项目管理计划进行变更，则应按既定的实施整体变更控制过程的要求，提出变更请求。”"
    },
    {
        "id": "655",
        "question": "655.In attempting to complete the project faster, the project manager looks at the cost associated with crashing each task. The BEST approach to crashing would also include looking at the: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Risk impact of crashing each task",
            "B": " Customer’s opinion of what tasks to crash ",
            "C": " Boss’s opinion of what tasks to crash and in which order",
            "D": " Project phase in which the task is due to occur"
        },
        "traQue": "为更快完成项目，项目经理研究与每项活动赶工相关的费用。为得到更好的赶工方法，还应关注：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 对每项活动赶进度的风险影响",
            "B": " 客户针对什么活动进行赶进度的意见",
            "C": " 领导针对什么活动进行赶进度以及采取何种次序的意见",
            "D": " 活动发生的项目所在阶段"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "655.参考答案：A。赶工会导致风险。"
    },
    {
        "id": "656",
        "question": "656.All of the following are part of the scope baseline EXCEPT the: ",
        "options": {
            "A": "requirement management plan. ",
            "B": "project scope statement. ",
            "C": "work breakdown structure. ",
            "D": "work breakdown structure dictionary. "
        },
        "traQue": "以下均是范围基准的内容，除了：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "需求管理计划。",
            "B": "项目范围说明书。",
            "C": "工作分解结构。",
            "D": "工作分解结构词典。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "656.解析：根据5.4.3“范围基准”知识点可确认选项B、C、D正确。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "657",
        "question": "657. Time planning___。",
        "options": {
            "A": "involves determining how the various tasks required to completed the project and the activities within the tasks，will be accomplished in terms of  sequence and dependency",
            "B": "refers to setting up the vacation schedule for each member of the project team",
            "C": "is the sole responsibility of the project scheduling department",
            "D": "is having a well staffed scheduling department"
        },
        "traQue": "时间计划___。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "涉及如何将不同的任务按顺序和相互关系结合在一起来完成整个项目",
            "B": "指的是为项目成员制定休假计划",
            "C": "是项目进度规划部门的唯一责任",
            "D": "是拥有一个良好的进度规划团队"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "657.答案：A。见《PMBOK指南》第五版项目时间管理概述部分。"
    },
    {
        "id": "658",
        "question": "658.The concept of standard deviation is important in risk analysis since standard deviation measure an estimate’s variability. Therefore， the _____ the standard deviation of an estimate， the _____ its variability. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "larger， greater",
            "B": "larger， less",
            "C": "smaller， greater",
            "D": "smaller， normalcy"
        },
        "traQue": "在风险分析过程中标准差非常重要。因为它可以衡量一个估算的可变性。估算的标准差________，其可变性和风险就_________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "越大，越大",
            "B": "越大，越小",
            "C": "越小，越大",
            "D": "越小，为常数"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "658.答案：A。可以用PERT这样理解：标准差越大，乐观值和悲观值相差就越大，风险的可变性就越大。注：PERT标准差＝（悲观值－乐观值）/6。"
    },
    {
        "id": "659",
        "question": "659. 类比估算与下列哪一项相同？",
        "options": {
            "A": "参数估算",
            "B": "自下而上估算",
            "C": "自上而下估算",
            "D": "三点估算"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "659.参考答案：C。类比估算就是自上而下估算。"
    },
    {
        "id": "660",
        "question": "660. Which of the following is CORRECT?",
        "options": {
            "A": "The critical path helps prove how long the project will take",
            "B": "There can be only one critical path",
            "C": "The network diagram will change every time the end date changes",
            "D": "A project can never have negative float"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项是正确的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "关键路径法有助于证明项目所需时间。",
            "B": "只能有一条关键路径。",
            "C": "网络图会随着项目结束日期的变更而变更。",
            "D": "项目永远不会有负浮动时间。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "660.答案：A。通常会一个以上的关键路径，但为了减少风险，可能需要调整计划，而使项目进度只有一个关键路径。网络图在结束日期改变的时候可能发生变化,也可能不发生变化,这取决于进度储备的数量和进度改变的理由。如果进度落后，就会有负浮动时间。关键路径有助于证明该项目的持续时间。这是所提供的选项中唯一正确的表述。"
    },
    {
        "id": "661",
        "question": "661. The characteristics of a well-rounded and consistent quality program are 。",
        "options": {
            "A": "top management support，quality is designed into the product or service，recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels，using statistics as basis for control，regular audits，and team participation in the quality control process",
            "B": "middle management support only，quality is designed into the product or service，recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels，a strong and active punishment system，using statistics as a basis for control，and team participation in the quality control process",
            "C": "top management support，a quality policy force，a strong punishment system，quality is designed into the product or service，recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels，using statistics as basis for control and regular audits",
            "D": "top management support，quality is designed into the product or service，recognition of quality performance at all organizational levels，using statistics as a basis for control，regular audits，and a global information system. "
        },
        "traQue": "一个运作良好的、一致的质量标准的特征是 。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "高层管理者的支持，质量是设计到产品或者服务中，并且质量的执行是在公司所有的层面上得到认可，运用统计学作为控制的基础，定期审计，团队也参加到质量控制的过程中来",
            "B": "只要来自中层的支持，质量是设计到产品或者服务中，并且质量的执行是在公司所有的层面上得到认可，强有力的、积极的处罚系统，运用统计学作为控制的基础，定期审计，团队也参加到质量控制的过程中来",
            "C": "高层管理的支持，质量政策的压力，强有力的处罚系统，质量是设计到产品或者服务中，并且质量的执行是在公司所有的层面上得到认可，运用统计学作为控制的基础，定期审计",
            "D": "高层管理者的支持，质量是设计到产品或者服务中，并且质量的执行是在公司所有的层面上得到认可，运用统计学作为控制、日常审核的基础，是一个全球的信息系统"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "661.答案：A。"
    },
    {
        "id": "662",
        "question": "662. Velidate scope is a (an.",
        "options": {
            "A": " Planning process",
            "B": " Executing process",
            "C": " Monitoring and controlling process",
            "D": " Closing process"
        },
        "traQue": "确认范围是一个",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 规划过程",
            "B": " 执行过程",
            "C": " 监控过程",
            "D": " 收尾过程"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "662.参考答案：C知识要点：项目管理过程组与知识领域"
    },
    {
        "id": "663",
        "question": "663. One of your senior technical specialists informs you a major design flaw exists in a systems development project you are managing. You are already testing the system and planned to roll it out to more than 5,000 users in a month. You know that changing the design now will cause severe cost and schedule overruns. As project manager, what should you do first?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Issue a stop work order until you understand the extent of the project.",
            "B": " Notify your project sponsor immediately to see if there are additional funds available to work on this problem.",
            "C": " Notify your senior management and let them decide what to do.",
            "D": " Hold a meeting as soon as possible with key members of your project team to discuss possible solutions to the problem."
        },
        "traQue": "你的一个资深技术专家告诉你，你所管理的系统开发项目中存在一个大的设计缺陷，系统已经进行测试并计划一个月后给5000名用户布署使用。你知道改变设计将会造成重大的进度延迟和成本超支。作为项目经理，你首先应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 发出一个停工单，直到了解了项目的范围。",
            "B": " 立即通知项目发起人，看看有没有额外资金投入来解决这个问题。",
            "C": " 通知高级管理层，让他们来决定下一步的行动。",
            "D": " 尽快和你的项目团队关键成员开一个会议讨论解决问题的可能方案。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "663.参考答案：D。项目经理要积极主动，先准备方案"
    },
    {
        "id": "664",
        "question": "664.The project manager in the control quality product inspection process discovers that a product currently manufactured has a design defect that could potentially reoccur in the company’s future projects. The project manager known the problem can be solved with a minimal Stander change. What should the project manager do next?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Continue with the project as planed and leave the improvement for another project.",
            "B": " Recommend a standers update.",
            "C": " Update the quality management plan.",
            "D": " Wait until the next project manager’s meeting to notify other project manager of the problem."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理目前处于控制质量产品检查过程，发现目前生产的产品存在设计缺陷，可能在公司将来的项目中还会发生。项目经理知道这个问题可以通过细微的标准变更得以解决。项目经理下一步应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 继续按原计划执行该项目，在另一个项目中改变这个缺陷。",
            "B": " 建议更新标准。",
            "C": " 更新质量管理计划",
            "D": " 等到下一次项目经理会议时将这个问题通知其他项目经理。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "664.答案：B。控制质量过程中，“检查”是一种工具或技术，其输出包括变更请求，在此“建议更新标准”就是变更请求的一种表现形式。选A本项目的产品将仍存在缺陷，不可取；C不对因为当前是产品标准有缺陷而非质理管理计划缺陷；D不是当前最需要做的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "665",
        "question": "665. Work Performance Information is used by the project manager________。",
        "options": {
            "A": "to provide an overview of changes to the scope baseline",
            "B": "to organize and summarize the performance data gathered",
            "C": "to establish the level of risk on the project",
            "D": "to use as a basis for the lessons learned meeting at project termination or completion"
        },
        "traQue": "工作绩效信息是项目经理用来________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "提供范围基准计划变更的概览",
            "B": "对收集到的绩效数据进行组织和总结",
            "C": "建立项目的风险水平",
            "D": "项目中止或者完成时作为经验的学习建立基础"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "665.答案：B。参见《PMBOK指南》第五版10.3.3.1."
    },
    {
        "id": "666",
        "question": "666. How does most communication occur?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Nonverbally",
            "B": "Verbally",
            "C": "Paralanguage",
            "D": "Referentially"
        },
        "traQue": "多数沟通都采取什么形式?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "非语言形式的沟通",
            "B": "口头",
            "C": "辅助语言",
            "D": "参考形式"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "666.答案：A。55%的沟能是通过非语言形式进行的。"
    },
    {
        "id": "667",
        "question": "667. A project manager meets with a resource manager and asks to move resources from project A to project B: What is the MOST likely reason for this request?",
        "options": {
            "A": " A problem has caused delay beyond the project manager’s ability to control.",
            "B": " Project A has become higher priority within the organization.",
            "C": " An activity has taken longer than planneD",
            "D": " An activity was missed because a work breakdown structure was not createD"
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理会见资源经理，希望把项目A的资源借调给项目B。发生此问题的最可能的原因是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 发生了问题导致项目进度延后，进度落后的程度超出了项目经理控制能力。",
            "B": " 项目A在公司开始拥有更高的优先级。",
            "C": " 完成活动的时间比预期的要长。",
            "D": " 没有制定工作分解结构，导致某项活动遗漏。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "667.解析：1、如果项目A拥有了更高的优先级，那么资源就会直接分给项目A，而非借调了，选项B不正确。2、如果C和D的情况发生，应该在项目的约束条件内解决，而不是直接去移动资源。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "668",
        "question": "668.在以下情形需要修订WBS：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 定义了新的项目的可交付成果",
            "B": " 分配了额外资源",
            "C": " 项目限制因素被改变",
            "D": " 定义了的依赖关系"
        },
        "analysis": "668.参考答案：A。WBS以可交付成果为分解对象，当有新的可交付成果，WBS需要更新。",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "669",
        "question": "669. The causes of variances and the reasoning behind the corrective action chosen are summarized in the ＿＿. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "work Breakdown Structure. ",
            "B": "accounting codes for the activities. ",
            "C": "lessons learneD",
            "D": "performance reports. "
        },
        "traQue": "差异的原因和选择纠正行为的理由可以总结在＿＿中。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "工作分解结构。",
            "B": "活动的账目编码。",
            "C": "经验教训。",
            "D": "绩效报告。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "669.答案：C。差异的原因和选择纠正行为的理由应该记录下来，作为经验教训。"
    },
    {
        "id": "670",
        "question": "670.Which of the following quality tools allows the identification of a possible relationship between changes observed in variables?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Run chart",
            "B": " Pareto chart",
            "C": " Scatter diagram",
            "D": " Histogram"
        },
        "traQue": "下列哪一项质量工具用来识别存在于两个变量中变更的关系？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "趋势图",
            "B": "帕累托图",
            "C": "散点图",
            "D": "直方图"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "670.答案：C。概念题，考点为控制质量的工具。（质量管理）"
    },
    {
        "id": "671",
        "question": "671.You are asked to select tools and techniques to implement a quality assurance program to supplement control quality. Which of the following would you choose? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Quality audits ",
            "B": " Statistical sampling ",
            "C": " Pareto charts ",
            "D": " Trend analysis"
        },
        "traQue": "公司要你选择工具和技术以实施质量保证项目，补充现有的控制质量活动。你会选择下列哪项？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 质量审计",
            "B": " 统计抽样",
            "C": " 帕雷托图",
            "D": " 趋势分析"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "671.答案：A。质量审计（选项A）是质量管理活动的结构性审核，这些质量管理活动可以增长经验并用于其它的项目中。选项B、C和D都是控制质量而不是实施质量保证的工具和技术。"
    },
    {
        "id": "672",
        "question": "672.The BCWS=$250，the ACWP=$350，and the BCWP=$200.Calculate the Cost Variance ______.",
        "options": {
            "A": "-$150",
            "B": "$150",
            "C": "-$50",
            "D": "$50"
        },
        "traQue": "进度工作的预算费用是￥250，已完成工作的费用是￥350，已完成工作的预算费用是￥200。那么费用偏差是 ______。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "-$150",
            "B": "$150",
            "C": "-$50",
            "D": "$50"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "672.答案：A。见本章公式CV=EV-AC，请明确EV,AC等概念的含义，并可在题中标识出来。"
    },
    {
        "id": "673",
        "question": "673.What is required to obtain contractual closure?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Mutual verbal agreement between the project sponsor and the project managers",
            "B": " Verification and signoff of phase deliverable",
            "C": " Verification of the signing of a statement of works",
            "D": " Multi-agreement of all stakeholders"
        },
        "traQue": "合同收尾要求什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目发起人和项目经理之间的双方口头协议",
            "B": " 阶段可交付成果的核实和签署",
            "C": " 核实工作说明书的签署",
            "D": " 所有项目干系人之间达成的一致协议"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "673.答案：B。结束采购是完结单次项目采购的过程。要结束采购，就需要确认全部工作和可交付成果均可验收；因此，结束采购过程可以支持结束项目或阶段过程。"
    },
    {
        "id": "674",
        "question": "674. A project manager is trying to convince management to use project management and has decided to start with a charter. Why would the charter help the project? ",
        "options": {
            "A": " It describes the details of what needs to be done.",
            "B": " It lists the names of all team members.",
            "C": " It gives the project manager authority. ",
            "D": " It describes the project's history. "
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理试图说服管理层启动项目时采用项目章程，项目章程的作用是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "描述了工作细节",
            "B": "列出了全部团队成员的名字C",
            "C": "描述了项目的历史"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "674.参考答案：C知识要点：项目章程是授权项目经理动用组织资源的文件"
    },
    {
        "id": "675",
        "question": "675. Who has the power in a strong matrix?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Functional manager",
            "B": " Senior management",
            "C": " Sponsor",
            "D": " Project manager"
        },
        "traQue": "谁在强矩阵中具有更多的权力？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "职能经理",
            "B": "高级管理层",
            "C": "出资人",
            "D": "项目经理"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "675.参考答案：D知识要点：强、弱、平衡矩阵组织中划分的依据，是项目经理与职能经理的权力大小"
    },
    {
        "id": "676",
        "question": "676.During the procurement of resources for a project, which of the following contract types is suitable when a precise statement of work cannot be quickly defined?",
        "options": {
            "A": " cost-plus-award-fee",
            "B": " firm-fixed-price",
            "C": " cost-plus-incentive",
            "D": " time and material"
        },
        "traQue": "在获得项目资源过程中，当无法快速定义一个精确的工作说明书时，下列哪一种合同类型更适用？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "成本加奖励合同",
            "B": "固定总价合同",
            "C": "成本加激励费用",
            "D": "工料合同"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "676.答案：D。所属知识领域：项目采购管理。所属过程组：规划过程组。解析：工料合同常用来在项目范围无法快速定义，范围不精确情况下获得外部资源，本题题干指出在获得项目资源过程时选择合同类型，因此工料合同符合题意。考点：合同类型选择-工料合同。出处：PMBOK2012中12.1.1.9。"
    },
    {
        "id": "677",
        "question": "677.To create a project schedule, a project manager estimates resource constraints.project team members work various hours and observe different members are assigned to multiple projects. To better understand resource constraints and impacts to the project manager do？",
        "options": {
            "A": " Create a resource breakdown structure.",
            "B": " Perform a Monte Carlo analysis.",
            "C": " Perform a resource reserve analysis.",
            "D": " Create a resource calendar."
        },
        "traQue": "为了创建项目进度计划，项目经理估算资源活动制约因素。全球项目团队成员在不同的时区并遵循不同的节假日。另外，团队成员被分配到多个不同项目。若要更好的理解资源制约因素以及对项目的影响，项目经理应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 创建资源分解结构。",
            "B": " 执行蒙特卡洛分析。",
            "C": " 执行资源储备分析。",
            "D": " 创建资源日历。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "677.答案：D。所属过程组：规划过程组。所属知识领域：项目时间管理。解析：资源日历记录每个项目团队成员在项目上的工作时间段。必须很好地了解每个人的可用性和时间限制（包括时区、工作时间、休假时间、当地节假日和在其他项目的工作时间），才能编制出可靠的进度计划"
    },
    {
        "id": "678",
        "question": "678.During project execution, the customer indicates that there will be limited access to the test facility due to several concurrent projects. This change may lead to schedule delays.To minimize the negative impact, what should the project manager do next?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Advise the customer about schedule creep.",
            "B": " Check the risk register for approved corrective actions.",
            "C": " Perform a risk analysis.",
            "D": " Update the project schedule according to this change."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目执行期间，客户表示由于多个项目同时进行，对进入测试设施设置限制。这项变化可能导致进度延期。若尽可能减少负面影响，项目经理下一步应该怎么做？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 通知客户进度潜变。",
            "B": " 查看风险登记册中已批准的纠正措施。",
            "C": " 执行风险分析",
            "D": " 按照这项变化更新项目进度计划。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "678.答案：B。项目出现影响项目进度的时间，出现了风险，要进行风险控制。答案A不对，要先主动采取措施，不能首先就通知客户延期。答案D不对，变化只是可能引起延期，要先采取措施。答案B是正确答案。B和答案C乍一看好像都对，但是如果遇到风险的话第一步要做的肯定是查看风险登记册中已记录的风险应对措施，如果有的话就采用实施。如果没有，再进行风险分析，这有个先后顺序，所以答案"
    },
    {
        "id": "679",
        "question": "679. A project is considered complete when –-",
        "options": {
            "A": " BAC = PV",
            "B": " EV = AC",
            "C": " PV = AC",
            "D": " BAC = EV "
        },
        "traQue": "当----时一个项目可以认为完成了？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " BAC = PV",
            "B": " EV = AC",
            "C": " PV = AC",
            "D": " BAC = EV"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "679.参考答案：D。当项目完工时，全部的计划价值都将实现，即EV=BAC。"
    },
    {
        "id": "680",
        "question": "680. In which part of the cost management process is earned value (EV. used?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Performance measurement analysis and variance management.",
            "B": " Forecasting and project performance reviews.",
            "C": " Creating the cost baseline and the cost control system.",
            "D": " Reserve analysis and cost aggregation."
        },
        "traQue": "在以下哪个成本管理过程使用挣值管理（EV.？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 绩效衡量分析和偏差管理。",
            "B": " 预测和项目绩效评审。",
            "C": " 制定项目基线和成本控制系统。",
            "D": " 储备分析和成本累积。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "680.解析：成本预测和工作绩效测量结果都属于“控制成本”这一过程的输出，他们都需要使用EV来进行分析，所以B正确。答案B"
    },
    {
        "id": "681",
        "question": "681.The project manager must decide whether to rent or lease equipment needed for project execution. The rental cost per day is US$50. The leasing cost per day is US$20, plus a one-time cost of US$3,000. What is the threshold after which it will be more practical to lease the equipment rather than rent  the equipment?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 80 days",
            "B": " 95 days",
            "C": " 100 days",
            "D": " 125 days"
        },
        "traQue": "决定是租借还是租赁项目执行所需的设备。租借成本为每天$50美元。租赁成本为每天20美元，加上一次性成本$3000美元。租赁设备比租借设备更合算的阈值是在哪一天之后？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "80天",
            "B": "95天",
            "C": "100天",
            "D": "125天"
        },
        "analysis": "681.答案：C。所属过程组：规划过程组。所属知识领域：项目采购管理。解析：自制或外购分析的延伸-租借或租赁，假设阀值为X，由此得出50X=20X+3000，X=100",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "682",
        "question": "682. The final project budget is created during which life cycle phase: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Initiation.",
            "B": " It is given to the project manager before the project management life cycle.",
            "C": " Planning. ",
            "D": " Execution."
        },
        "traQue": "在哪一个项目阶段进行终极项目预算？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 启动阶段。",
            "B": " 在项目生命期开始前交给项目经理。",
            "C": " 计划编制阶段。",
            "D": " 执行阶段。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "682.解析：1、项目预算是项目成本管理知识领域，在规划过程组中完成，属于项目计划编制阶段。不要受“终极”这两个字的影响，所有的预算制定都发生在规划阶段。制定预算是汇总所有单个活动或工作包的估算成本，建立一个经批准的成本基准的过程，项目预算决定了被批准用于项目的资金。将根据批准的预算来考核项目成本绩效。所以项目预算需要在执行过程前，在制定WBS后执行，即计划编制阶段。2、本题中文题干中的“终极项目预算”在PMBOK中并没有相同的说法，因此需要参考英文原题“finalprojectbudget”来确认。选项A．启动阶段：制定预算在规划过程组，应属于规划阶段。启动阶段只有两个活动：制定项目章程，识别干系人。选项B.在项目生命期开始前交给项目经理:本选项是干扰项，考虑到需要制定最终的预算，不可能在项目生命期开始前交给项目经理。详细D.执行阶段：制定预算在规划过程组，应属于规划阶段。整个成本管理中，除了“花钱”，没有在执行阶段的活动。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "683",
        "question": "683. The project communication requirement is most likely to be influenced by ______。",
        "options": {
            "A": "organizational structure",
            "B": "the design of the cost control system",
            "C": "the need for technological innovation",
            "D": "the structure of the project planning documentation"
        },
        "traQue": "下列最可能对项目沟通需求有影响的是________。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "组织的结构",
            "B": "费用控制系统的设计",
            "C": "技术创新的需求",
            "D": "项目计划文档的结构"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "683.答案：A。项目的组织结构对项目沟通的需求有重大影响。"
    },
    {
        "id": "684",
        "question": "684. Project manager calls his project team to quantify and assess the risks of their project. The benefits the team will gain from this exercise include all but which of the following?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Thoroughly understand the project， the associated risks and the impact of risk on all parts of the project. ",
            "B": "Develop risk mitigation strategies for dealing with issues identifieD",
            "C": "Ensure all identified risk issues are incorporated into project planning. ",
            "D": "Identify alternatives which may exist. "
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理让他的团队对他们项目的风险量化并评估。这样做除了下面哪一条，对于项目团队是有好处的？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "充分理解项目，理解项目中各个部分的风险和所产生的影响。",
            "B": "制定风险减轻策略。",
            "C": "保证所有已经识别的风险整合到项目计划中。",
            "D": "识别所有可能的替代方案。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "684.答案：D。A，B，C都是实施定量风险分析带来的好处。D属于定量风险分析的下一过程“规划风险应对”的内容。"
    },
    {
        "id": "685",
        "question": "685. the work breakdown structure can be an effective aid for communication in which setting（s.？ ",
        "options": {
            "A": "Internal within the project team",
            "B": "Internal within the organization",
            "C": "External within the customer",
            "D": "Internal and external to the project"
        },
        "traQue": "在下列哪个场景中，工作分解结构利于沟通？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在项目团队内部",
            "B": "在组织内部",
            "C": "在顾客外部",
            "D": "在项目的内部和外部"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "685.答案：D。工作分解结构可以在组织内用作水平和垂直的沟通，也可以用于项目的外部。"
    },
    {
        "id": "686",
        "question": "686. All the following are characteristics of a project EXCEPT?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Temporary ",
            "B": " Definite beginning and end",
            "C": " Interrelated activities",
            "D": " Repeats itself every month"
        },
        "traQue": "下面哪项不是项目的特点？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "临时性 ",
            "B": "明确的开始和结束日期",
            "C": "相关的一系列活动",
            "D": "每月重复执行"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "686.参考答案：D知识要点：项目是临时的、独特的；运营是持续不断的、重复的"
    },
    {
        "id": "687",
        "question": "687. A project team is having difficulty communicating over long distances. There were 13 team members from two countries, and then five people from India were addeD: This is of concern to the project manager because:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Communications channels grow rapidly.",
            "B": " It will be harder to use reward power.",
            "C": " Communication blockers grow linearly.",
            "D": " Conflict can be increased with an increase in project priorities."
        },
        "traQue": "项目团队在远距离沟通上遇到了困难，13位团队成员来自不同的2个国家，后来又增加了5位来自印度的成员。这应该引起项目经理的关注，因为：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 沟通渠道迅速增加。",
            "B": " 使用奖励权力变得更困难。",
            "C": " 沟通阻碍者以直线的速度增加。",
            "D": " 项目优先级的增加导致冲突的增加。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "687.解析：此题主要解决的是沟通人员增加带来的沟通渠道增加的问题，选项A正确。资源的增加一般不会增加使用奖励权力（选项B）的难度。选项C的描述本身就不正确。选项D在题干中没有涉及。答案A"
    },
    {
        "id": "688",
        "question": "688. You are having difficulty estimating the cost of a project. Which of the following BEST describes the most probable cause of your difficulty?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Inadequate scope definition.",
            "B": " Unavailability of desired resources.",
            "C": " Lack of historical records from previous projects.",
            "D": " Lack of company processes."
        },
        "traQue": "你在做成本估算时遇到了困难，以下哪项是出现困难的最可能原因？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 缺乏确定的范围。",
            "B": " 没有提供预期的资源。",
            "C": " 缺乏以前项目的历史数据。",
            "D": " 公司缺少流程。"
        },
        "analysis": "688.解析：1、项目的历史数据和流程都属于组织过程资产，这项输入只是估算的参考数据，可能会增加成本估算的难度，但不会是导致困难的根本原因，因此C、D不对。2、没有获得预期的资源可能会导致估算精度不够，但是依然会有一个大概的答案，因此B不对。3、算的前提是范围明确。因此答案为A。如果范围定义不清楚，也就是没有一个确定的范围基准，那么将无法进行任何估算。答案A",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "689",
        "question": "689. During project executing, a project manager from the information systems department is trying to complete the project, yet is constantly faced with interference from the manager of the engineering department. The engineering department keeps changing the resources assigned to the project team and their availability. What type of matrix does this represent?",
        "options": {
            "A": " Strong matrix.",
            "B": " Weak matrix.",
            "C": " Functional matrix.",
            "D": " Tight matrix."
        },
        "traQue": "在项目执行期间，来自于信息部门的项目经理负责完成项目，但工程部门的经理经常干涉到项目。工程部门经理经常改变放在项目上的资源。此项目处于哪种矩阵组织中？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 强矩阵。",
            "B": " 弱矩阵。",
            "C": " 职能矩阵。",
            "D": " 紧密矩阵。"
        },
        "analysis": "689.解析：在弱矩阵型组织中，项目经理拥有对资源很少的权力,更像是协调员。在本题干中来自信息部门的“项目经理负责完成项目，但工程部门的经理经常干涉到项目。工程部门经理经常改变放在项目上的资源”，说明项目经理有一定权力（只不过经常受到职能经理影响），且是兼职，故A、C均错；D选型的紧密矩阵不是一种组织结构。答案B",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "690",
        "question": "690. You are a project manager for a small construction project. Your project was budgeted for US $72,000 over a six-week perioD: As of today, you've spent US $22,000 of your budget to complete work that you originally expected to cost US $24,000. According to your schedule, you should have spent US $30,000 by this point. Based on these circumstances, your project could be BEST described as: ",
        "options": {
            "A": " Ahead of schedule.",
            "B": " Behind schedule.",
            "C": " On schedule.",
            "D": " Having not enough information provideD"
        },
        "traQue": "你是一个小型建设项目的经理，项目预算为72,000美元，工期六个星期。到今天为止，你消耗了22000美元的预算，完成了最初计划需要24000美元的工作。根据进度，你应该花费30000美元。根据这些情况，你的项目状态为：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 进度提前",
            "B": " 进度落后",
            "C": " 符合进度",
            "D": " 信息不足"
        },
        "analysis": "690.参考答案：B。PV=30000美元，AC=22000美元，EV=24000美元。SV=EV-PV<0，说明进度落后。",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "691",
        "question": "691.Working in the systems integration field, your primary job is to coordinate the work of numerous subcontractors. Your current project, to replace the air traffic control system with one that relies solely on global positioning satellite equipment, is coming to an enD: You have 15 major subcontractors as well as a variety of other sellers. Several of the subcontractors were easy to work with. Your organization will hire them again in the future. One contractor sent a change order requesting more money nearly every other week. And another never delivered at all. Two firms had difficulty with certain administrative requirements, but met their technical delivery dates. Now that you are in the closing phase, you should",
        "options": {
            "A": " Conduct a trend analysis",
            "B": " Use earned value to assess lessons learned",
            "C": " Ask each contractor to meet with you individually at its own expense",
            "D": " Conduct a procurement audit"
        },
        "traQue": "作为项目整合管理人员，你的主要工作是协调大量承包商的工作。你目前的项目是用完全依靠全球卫星定位的空中交通控制系统替代老的系统。项目已经接近尾声。你有15个承包商和大量的其它供货商。其中几个承包商非常容易共事。你的组织未来还将再次雇佣他们。其中一个承包商每隔一周就提出变更请求，要求增加经费。另一个从来没有提出过变更要求。两个公司在遵守管理规定方面遇到了困难，但是都还够按时交货。在项目结束阶段你应该：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "进行趋势分析",
            "B": "通过挣值评估在本项目中获得的经验",
            "C": "要求每个承包商与你单独见面，费用由他们自己承担",
            "D": "进行采购审核"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "691.答案：D。出处：PMBOK2012中12.4.2.1结束采购-工具与技术-1.采购审计：采购审计是指对从规划采购管理过程（见12.1节）到控制采购过程（见12.3节）的所有采购过程进行结构化审查。其目的是找出可供本项目其他采购合同或执行组织内其他项目借鉴的成功经验与失败教训。”"
    },
    {
        "id": "692",
        "question": "692. The critical path___. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "is the earliest series of events and activities which have the highest technical risk in the project",
            "B": "is the series of events and activities which have the highest cost in the project",
            "C": "is the longest chain of events and activities from today’s date to the end of the project，if the plan represented by the current network plan is executed",
            "D": "is an interesting concept，but is has little significance to the project functional managers assigned to the project"
        },
        "traQue": "@692.关键路径____。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "是最早一系列在项目中具有最高技术风险的事件和活动",
            "B": "是一系列在项目中具有最高成本的事件和活动",
            "C": "如果按现有网络计划执行的话，是项目生命期中最长的一系列事件和活动",
            "D": "是一个有趣的概念，对于项目的职能经理来说影响不大"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "692.答案：C。见《PMBOK指南》第五版6.6.2.2。"
    },
    {
        "id": "693",
        "question": "693. You are given a new project to manage and a brief project scope statement. The project sponsor tells you that there is no required completion date for the project. The BEST thing to do is to:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Ask for better definition of the project scope before accepting the project.",
            "B": " Accomplish the project as time allows.",
            "C": " Plan the project as you would a normal project, but build in schedule flexibility.",
            "D": " Make a list of activities that need to be done."
        },
        "traQue": "分配给你了一个新项目，并且制定了简单的项目范围说明书。发起人告诉你，没有给项目规定具体的完工日期。此时，你最应该做的事情是什么？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "在接受项目之前要求一份定义更详细的范围说明书。",
            "B": "顺其自然地实施项目。",
            "C": "像其它普通项目一样给项目进行规划，但进度的制定可以灵活些。",
            "D": "罗列一个需要完成工作的清单。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "693.解析：1、尽管项目没有规定完成日期，但也要对项目进行规划。因为没有硬性时间限制，所以进度计划可以根据资源的获得情况制定的灵活些，选项C正确；2、一份简单的范围说明书并一定会对项目产生影响，所以选项A不正确；3、尽管项目没有硬性的完工日期规定，但项目经理也不能不进行任何规划就随意地实施项目，所以选项B不正确；4、选项D是制订进度计划的工作。答案C"
    },
    {
        "id": "694",
        "question": "694. Risks will be identified during which risk management process(es. ?",
        "options": {
            "A": "Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis and Identify Risks",
            "B": "Identify Risks and Monitor and Control Risks",
            "C": "Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis and Monitor and Control Risks",
            "D": "Identify Risks"
        },
        "traQue": "在哪个风险管理过程中，风险会被识别？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "执行定量风险分析和识别风险",
            "B": "识别风险和监控风险",
            "C": "实施定性风险分析和监控风险",
            "D": "识别风险"
        },
        "analysis": "694.答案：B。风险是在识别风险过程中识别出来的。自然而然地，新出现的风险是在控制风险的过程中识别出来的。",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "695",
        "question": "695.A project manager is assigned to a new ，high priority project . There are only five available resources because other resources are already committed to projects. The resource’s time available to complete the project is less than half the time needed，and the project manager cannot convince management to change the end date. The project manager should____. ",
        "options": {
            "A": "coordinate with team members the overtime necessary to complete the work",
            "B": "provide the team with opportunities to do a great job on the work that can be accomplished",
            "C": "cut the scope of work by removing the work that cannot be completed in the time provided",
            "D": "use more experienced resources to complete the work faster"
        },
        "traQue": "一个项目经理被分配到一个高优先度的新项目。只有5个可用的资源，因为其他资源已经被承诺给别的项目。完成项目的资源可用时间不足所需时间的一半，并且这个项目经理不能说服管理层改变项目的结束日期。这个项目经理应____。",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "与团队成员协调必要的加班，以便完成工作",
            "B": "对可以完成的工作，给团员提供做出杰出工作的机会",
            "C": "通过删除在限定的时间内不能完成的工作来消减工作范围",
            "D": "使用更有经验的资源，更快地完成工作"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "695.答案：C。A永远不是解决这类问题的首选手段，因为使用加班会使项目经理失去可信性和绩效。B是个好主意，但不针对这个问题。C最好选择。D是不可行的，因为资源已经提供了。"
    },
    {
        "id": "696",
        "question": "696. When should a schedule baseline be created and used?",
        "options": {
            "A": " At the beginning of the project and used to compare schedule performance on status reports.",
            "B": " At the end of the project and then used to measure team performance.",
            "C": " At the end of the project and included in the archive.",
            "D": " At the beginning of the project and used during the project to measure performance."
        },
        "traQue": "何时制定和使用进度基准？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 项目一开始就使用，用来对比进度绩效。",
            "B": " 项目结束时使用，用来衡量团队绩效。",
            "C": " 项目结束时使用，并存入文档中。",
            "D": " 项目一开始就使用，用来衡量项目绩效。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "696.解析：基准是在规划过程中制定的，用来衡量项目绩效，所以选项B和C错误。对于选项A和D，首先“对比”只是简单的比较，没有分析，而“衡量”有对比并分析的意思，其次，进度基准发生改变，可能会影响项目的成本，范围基准，在选项A中只是对比进度绩效有些不妥，所以选项D更为准确。答案D"
    },
    {
        "id": "697",
        "question": "697. Investment in project quality improvement is most often borne by the",
        "options": {
            "A": " Acquiring organization.",
            "B": " Project manager.",
            "C": " Project team.",
            "D": " Project."
        },
        "traQue": "项目质量改善的投资主要由谁来承担?",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": " 实施组织。",
            "B": " 项目经理。",
            "C": " 项目团队。",
            "D": " 项目。"
        },
        "analysis": "697.解析：第八章前言“管理层的责任”。管理层肩负着为项目提供具有足够能力的资源的相应责任，所以选A。答案A",
        "right": "A"
    },
    {
        "id": "698",
        "question": "698. A project manager is meeting with a team member and says, \"I know you want to become involved in meetings with the customer. Because of your performance on the project so far, I have rearranged things so you can become involved with the customer.\" This is an example of:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Team performance assessment.",
            "B": " Reward power.",
            "C": " Team building.",
            "D": " Project performance appraisals."
        },
        "traQue": "项目经理正在和一团队成员开会，项目经理说：“我知道你想参与和客户的会议，鉴于你目前项目的绩效表现，我又给你安排了新的工作内容，这样你就可以和客户接触了。”这是以下哪项的例子？",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "团队绩效评估。",
            "B": "奖励权力。",
            "C": "团队建设。",
            "D": "项目绩效评估。"
        },
        "analysis": "698.解析：答案B 1、题干中并没有表示项目经理激励团队成员更好的绩效的行为，而是根据现有绩效给予相应的奖励，虽然属于团队建设的内容（选项C不是最佳答案），但题干所述内容主要讲述的是建设项目团队·认可与奖励所以答案B为最佳正确答案；2、团队绩效评估也属于建设团队的输出，项目绩效评估属于管理项目团队的工具，因此答案A和D也不对。",
        "right": "B"
    },
    {
        "id": "699",
        "question": "699. One of the common ways to compute estimate at completion（EAC）is to take the budget at completion（BAC）and：",
        "options": {
            "A": "Divided by SPI",
            "B": "Multiply by SPI",
            "C": "Multiply by CPI",
            "D": "Divide by CPI"
        },
        "traQue": "一个计算完工估算(EAC:的通常方法就是用完工预算(BAC:，并且：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "除以 SPI",
            "B": "乘以 SPI",
            "C": "乘以 CPI",
            "D": "除以 CPI"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "699.答案：D。这个问题考查计算EAC的公式，即BAC/CPI。必须记住该公式才能得到正确答案。"
    },
    {
        "id": "700",
        "question": "700. A project has experienced significant delays due to equipment problems, staff attrition, and slow client reviews. The project is 40 percent complete and has used 60 percent of the available calendar time. What is the FIRST thing you should do:",
        "options": {
            "A": " Re-baseline the schedule to reflect the new date.",
            "B": " Analyze the critical path activities for potential to fast track or crash the schedule.",
            "C": " Document the lack of progress and associated issue to management.",
            "D": " Identify activities that required more time than planneD"
        },
        "traQue": "由于设备、人员摩擦及客户审核较慢等问题导致项目重大延期。目前完成项目40％的工作，但已使用了60％的时间。你首先应该做什么：",
        "traOpt": {
            "A": "重新制定进度基线以反映新的进展。",
            "B": "分析关键路径的活动，寻找快速跟进和赶工的潜在机会。",
            "C": "将项目缺乏进度及相关问题归档并报告给管理层。",
            "D": "识别需要增加时间的活动。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "700.解析：1、题目定位为控制进度过程，按照题干描述，项目经理已经完成项目状态的判断；2、选项A为变更请求的实施，变更内容为进度基线；基线是不应随意变更的，在分析清楚是哪些活动对进度造成了影响以及影响程度之前，不应先提出变更请求。选项B为进度压缩工具的实施，但在此之前应识别出是哪些活动对进度造成了影响；选项C为将进度偏差上报管理层，是沟通管理内容；选项D为寻找进度偏差的原因，确定引起进度变更的因素；本题答案为D；3、此题的场景和选项都是具体工作中常见的处理方法，可作为PMP考察内容，面对偏差要先分析再实施。4、题干中项目重大延期和你首先应该做什么充分说明了发现重大问题应该先寻找原因，只有答案D符合对题干关键字的应对。另外，答案D的中文翻译没有英文直观，因此建议答题时可以先看一下英文选项，有时候会提高解题速度和准确性。答案D"
    },
    {
        "id": "701",
        "question": "701.在实施项目的过程中，应该认真考虑项目产品的维护与持续运营问题。这种维护与持续运营应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 是项目收尾阶段的一项重要活动",
            "B": " 是项目生命周期中的一个阶段，因为生命周期成本中包括维护和持续运营成本",
            "C": " 不是项目的一部分",
            "D": " 是一个独立的项目"
        },
        "analysis": "701.答案：C“项目与运营的主要区别在于，运营是持续性的，生产重复的产品、服务或成果。项目（连同团队，也经常连同机会）是临时性的，有明确的终点。”",
        "right": "C"
    },
    {
        "id": "702",
        "question": "702.自从3000年前第一次将保龄球运动引入到你的国家，你的国家一直将保龄球运动视为一种高尚的运动。你作为一个项目经理要为政府建造一个保龄球运动的纪念碑：一个大理石-钛结构的保龄球饰针。这个纪念碑预期能够持续几个世纪。在这种情况下，认为项目是暂时性的这种说法",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不适合，因为这个项目需要的结果是持续的",
            "B": " 不适合要建造的产品",
            "C": " 认为项目团队将比本项目要长寿",
            "D": " 不适合，因为这个项目不是在短期内就可以完成的"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "702.答案：B“项目所创造的产品、服务或成果一般不具有临时性。大多数项目都是为了创造持久性的结果。”"
    },
    {
        "id": "703",
        "question": "703.在确定项目目标时，应该更加关注以下哪一个？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 时间",
            "B": " 成本",
            "C": " 质量",
            "D": " 同等关注时间、成本、质量"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "703.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "704",
        "question": "704.你被指责你范围说明书里面某些规格描述不符合SMART目标原则，何谓SMART目标？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 目标要比成功完成项目所必需的详细得多",
            "B": " 更容易实现的目标，可以帮助降低团队和你的压力",
            "C": " 目标必须可以实现以便于得到客户和项目出资人的正式赞誉",
            "D": " 目标必须描述的明确、可衡量、指定的、现实的和有时间限制"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "704.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "705",
        "question": "705.产品生命周期：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 等于项目生命周期加项目管理生命周期",
            "B": " 可以包括几个项目生命周期",
            "C": " 是指项目产品建成后的运营周期",
            "D": " 定义项目的每个阶段要做什么工作"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "705.答案：B“一般而言，项目生命周期包含在一个或多个产品生命周期中。如果项目的目标是创造一项服务或成果，则其生命周期应为服务或成果的生命周期，而非产品生命周期。”答案：B“但由于干系人的期望往往差别很大，甚至相互冲突，所以这项工作困难重重。”"
    },
    {
        "id": "706",
        "question": "706.由英国政府资助的中英艾滋病综合防治项目，涉及国内十个部委、两个国际组织、云南及四川的许多县市以及许多人群与团队。作为项目经理，你最关心的是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 应该公开他们之间的利益冲突",
            "B": " 这些项目干系人对项目有不同的需求",
            "C": " 这个项目应该是很容易的",
            "D": " 项目实施过程中的沟通是比较简单的"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "答案：B “一般而言，项目生命周期包含在一个或多个产品生命周期中。如果项目的目标是创造一项服务或成果，则其生命周期应为服务或成果的生命周期，而非产品生命周期。”答案：B “但由于干系人的期望往往差别很大，甚至相互冲突，所以这项工作困难重重。”"
    },
    {
        "id": "707",
        "question": "707.以下关于项目管理办公室的说法都是正确的，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目管理办公室必须具有直接向公司首席执行官报告的权利",
            "B": " 它可以为项目管理提供支持",
            "C": " 它可以负责培训与委派项目经理",
            "D": " 它可以负责开发项目管理的软件、政策以及程序"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "707.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "708",
        "question": "708.人力资源部经理计划从公司内部招聘项目经理，可供选择的人员有以下几位：候选人A有很好的管理知识；候选人B具有很好的项目管理知识；候选人C有扎实的技术知识；候选人D具有常规管理知识、项目管理和技术技能。谁是最合适的候选人？",
        "options": {
            "A": " A",
            "B": " B",
            "C": " C",
            "D": " D"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "708.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "709",
        "question": "709.谁负责确定项目目标并为项目提供资金支持？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目经理",
            "B": " 高级管理层",
            "C": " 发起人",
            "D": " 客户"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "709.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "710",
        "question": "710.下列哪个不是项目生命期的特点？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 风险和不确定性在项目开始最高",
            "B": " 项目干系人对项目产品最终的影响能力随着项目继续与日俱增",
            "C": " 项目生命期定义确定了项目开始到结束所包括的转移活动，这样，项目生命期通过定义可以和执行组织的持续运营链接起来",
            "D": " 成本和资源投入层次在项目开始低，逐步增加在项目结束前迅速下降"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "710.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "711",
        "question": "711.以下关于项目的哪一个说法是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目越接近完成，风险发生的可能性越大",
            "B": " 在项目被正式批准开始之前，有一个项目生命周期的阶段",
            "C": " 有经验的项目经理应该回避有风险的项目",
            "D": " 项目生命周期在每一个项目上都是一样的"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "711.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "712",
        "question": "712.涉及多专业领域的项目，最好用什么组织形式加以管理？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目型组织",
            "B": " 矩阵型组织",
            "C": " 职能型组织",
            "D": " 直线型组织"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "712.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "713",
        "question": "713.项目经理刚得到团队成员的通报，项目系统的速度和设计的或最初计划的速度有偏差。项目经理很惊讶，因为这个绩效衡量没有在规划中识别。如果项目经理稍后评估是否这个偏差需要反应，项目经理是在哪个管理过程中？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 启动",
            "B": " 执行",
            "C": " 监控",
            "D": " 收尾"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "713.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "714",
        "question": "714.在结尾，收尾过程组：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 去核实定义的所有过程组的过程被完成，来结束项目阶段",
            "B": " 来确定项目的产品被满意的完成",
            "C": " 项目管理计划被项目出资人取消",
            "D": " 新的变更请求被启动"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "714.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "715",
        "question": "715.组织文化：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 通常是相似并难以形容的",
            "B": " 通常是独一无二并难以形容的",
            "C": " 对清楚定义的项目没有影响",
            "D": " 通常对项目有直接的影响"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "715.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "716",
        "question": "716.执行过程组：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 获得项目或项目阶段启动的认可",
            "B": " 协调人和其他资源完成项目计划",
            "C": " 设计和维持可使用的方法来完成项目最初所预期的商业需要",
            "D": " 通过监视与控制过程确保项目的目标被实现，必要时采取纠正行动"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "716.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "717",
        "question": "717.你是某个项目发起人正在为项目招聘项目经理。可利用的资源有：Mary具备丰富的管理经验，Dave工作非常努力，对项目技术了如指掌，Jason具有良好的人际关系，Tom非常热心此项目而且如果需要可以加班工作。你会选择谁作为项目经理？",
        "options": {
            "A": " Mary",
            "B": " Dave",
            "C": " Jason",
            "D": " Tom"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "717.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "718",
        "question": "718.项目经理所在的公司在高科技领域开展经营活动，需要各职能部门之间的交流与结合，项目经理正在为一个新项目考虑合适的组织结构，可能的选择方案是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 矩阵型",
            "B": " 紧密矩阵型",
            "C": " 职能型",
            "D": " 项目型"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "718.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "719",
        "question": "719.你被分配到一个项目中工作，这个项目将使找工作的人可以通过公司网站来填写和提交申请表。你要向人力资源部副经理汇报工作。你还负责向信息技术部门保送申请表并安排面试。项目协调人要过目一下你对放在网页上的申请表所做的最新的修改。你是在哪种类型的组织结构中工作？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 职能组织",
            "B": " 弱势矩阵组织",
            "C": " 项目化组织",
            "D": " 平衡矩阵组织"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "719.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "720",
        "question": "720.在项目阶段结束时对项目的关键成果和项目绩效进行评估被称为：",
        "options": {
            "A": " Kill Point",
            "B": "阶段关卡",
            "C": "阶段退出",
            "D": "上述所有"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "720.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "721",
        "question": "721.你的项目团队来自你公司所有部门。一些来自于财务部，一些来自运营部，还有些来自销售和市场部。尽管他们向你汇报项目的问题，他们仍然需要为自己“家”部门的工作花费40%的时间。你在你的项目中使用的是什么类型的组织？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 集中办公",
            "B": " 项目型",
            "C": " 矩阵",
            "D": " 职能型"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "721.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "722",
        "question": "722.关于项目和运作，下列哪项描述是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目受到有限资源的约束，而运作没有这样的约束",
            "B": " 项目和运营主要区别是运营是重复的，项目是临时的。",
            "C": " 由于项目所要达到特定目标不同，所以项目是独特的。而运作是重复的",
            "D": " 运作工作不能被定义为项目"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "722.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "723",
        "question": "723.下列各项都是项目的特点，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 确定的开始与结束时间",
            "B": " 临时性",
            "C": " 创造独特的产品、服务或成果",
            "D": " 每个月重复进行"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "723.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "724",
        "question": "724.以下各项都是项目管理过程组，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 可行性研究",
            "B": " 执行",
            "C": " 规划",
            "D": " 收尾"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "724.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "725",
        "question": "725.公司正在研究是否启动一个新项目。应该由以下哪些人来决定对该项目的要求？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目发起人",
            "B": " 项目干系人",
            "C": " 客户",
            "D": " 项目经理"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "725.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "726",
        "question": "726.在持续运营中应用的项目管理技术称做：________",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目组合管理",
            "B": "按项目管理",
            "C": "目标化管理",
            "D": "例外管理"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "726.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "727",
        "question": "727.在项目进行过程中，在你不知情的情况下，你的两个团队成员被他们的职能经理派到另一个刚刚开始的新项目上去了，这给你带来了很大的麻烦。你所在的组织是什么类型的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目型组织",
            "B": " 强矩阵型组织",
            "C": " 平衡矩阵型组织",
            "D": " 弱矩阵型组织"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "727.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "728",
        "question": "728.项目出资人刚刚提供初步项目章程，接下来需要做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 开始完成工作包",
            "B": " 完成核实范围",
            "C": " 开始整体变更控制",
            "D": " 开始创建管理计划"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "728.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "729",
        "question": "729.下列哪个不是项目的特点？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 被有限的资源约束",
            "B": " 需要规划，执行和控制",
            "C": " 创建独特的产品或服务",
            "D": " 是持续的重复的"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "729.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "730",
        "question": "730.某公司的管理层找到你，想请你出任一个小项目的项目经理，并说你在这方面非常有经验，所以就不需要发布项目章程。你应该做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 接受这个任务",
            "B": " 告诉管理层，没有项目章程就做项目可能产生的不良后果",
            "C": " 向管理层要求更高的报酬，然后接受这个任务",
            "D": " 动手起草项目章程"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "730.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "731",
        "question": "731.你被任命为一个新项目的项目经理。虽然你已从事过多年的项目管理工作，但还从没有管理过这类项目。现在你需要编制项目计划，你应该依据以下那项资料？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 类似项目的历史资料",
            "B": " 你接受过的项目管理培训",
            "C": " 自己过去的经验",
            "D": " 管理层的指示"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "731.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "732",
        "question": "732.你最近指定了某个项目经理负责你组织的关键项目，你想给项目经理权限去应用组织资源到项目活动上。你应该使用哪个文档？",
        "options": {
            "A": "资源授权文档",
            "B": "工作分解结构",
            "C": "项目章程",
            "D": "项目范围说明书"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "732.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "733",
        "question": "733.当制定项目章程时，每种组织的企业环境因素必须考虑。这可能包括下面的各项，除了_______",
        "options": {
            "A": " 公司信誉",
            "B": " 人员管理程序，包括培训记录",
            "C": " 现有设施和固定设备",
            "D": " 项目干系人风险容忍度"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "733.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "734",
        "question": "734.你是DGF项目的项目经理。这个项目是设计实施个新的应用程序将链接到数据库服务器。你公司的管理层要求你创建个方法来记录项目的技术方向和针对项目成果技术属性的变更或改进。下列哪个可以满足管理层需求？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 配置管理",
            "B": " 整体变更控制",
            "C": " 范围控制",
            "D": " 变更管理计划"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "734.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "735",
        "question": "735.项目实施过程中，一个项目团队成员提出了一项变更请求。这个变更对项目的质量没有影响，而且工作量也不大。项目经理应该做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 立即实施变更",
            "B": " 把变更请求提交给变更控制委员会",
            "C": " 拒绝变更请求",
            "D": " 评价变更对项目其他方面的影响"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "735.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "736",
        "question": "736.沉没（淀.成本（Sunken costs.是指：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 管理储备中没有用于投资的资金",
            "B": " 与固定成本对立的、根据项目活动的不同而整个变动的成本",
            "C": " 是人工成本的另一个名称，因为这些成本已经做过预算了",
            "D": " 已经投入项目的资金，而且不论做什么都不会影响项目的结果"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "736.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "737",
        "question": "737.有效的项目整合管理，需要强调：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 发挥团队成员个人的作用",
            "B": " 有效进行内部控制工作",
            "C": " 在项目接合部进行有效沟通",
            "D": " 有效进行项目干系人之间的沟通"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "737.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "738",
        "question": "738.在项目收尾时最后应该做的是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 完成经验总结",
            "B": " 提供给客户所有相关的文档",
            "C": " 更新档案",
            "D": " 解散团队"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "738.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "739",
        "question": "739.项目管理中，运用工作授权系统的主要目的是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 规定什么时候做什么活动",
            "B": " 规定谁在什么时候做什么活动",
            "C": " 规定什么时候做什么工作以及什么顺序做这些工作",
            "D": " 规定谁做什么工作"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "739.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "740",
        "question": "740.你在管理一个电信项目， 由于最近政府出台了一项新的规定， 你不得不改变原定的项目范围。对于项目目标作了几个变更。你更新了项目中使用的技术和计划文件。你的下一步是",
        "options": {
            "A": " 正式通知干系人",
            "B": " 修改公司的知识管理系统",
            "C": " 从项目发起人和客户那里获得对范围变更的正式承认",
            "D": " 准备一个业绩报告"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "740.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "741",
        "question": "741.整合由谁来完成：",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目经理",
            "B": "团队",
            "C": "出资人",
            "D": "干系人"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "741.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "742",
        "question": "742.项目管理计划是指：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 横道图",
            "B": " 网络图",
            "C": " 项目范围管理计划",
            "D": " 包括项目范围、质量、时间、成本、风险等管理计划及其他相关要素在内的综合性计划文件"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "742.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "743",
        "question": "743.在项目执行期间你发现工作没有在正确的时间按正确的顺序完成。某个成员完成的成果不能传递给其他成员。这导致大量时间去返工，而且影响团队士气。下列哪个项目管理工具可以帮助处理这个问题？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 组织图",
            "B": " RACI矩阵",
            "C": " 沟通管理计划",
            "D": " 工作授权系统"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "743.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "744",
        "question": "744.由于资源约束，你需要从3个项目中选择了A。3个项目的NPV分别为：项目A 30,500；项目B 21,200；项目C 11,000。这里的机会成本是多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": " $21,200",
            "B": " $11,000",
            "C": " $19,500",
            "D": " $30,500"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "744.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "745",
        "question": "745.在项目执行过程中，变更是比较常见的。针对变更，项目经理应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 作出变更",
            "B": " 对引起变更的因素施加影响",
            "C": " 防止不必要的变更",
            "D": " 避免一切变更"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "745.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "746",
        "question": "746.下列哪项不是项目管理计划的一部分？",
        "options": {
            "A": "采购管理计划",
            "B": "过程改进计划",
            "C": "进度基准",
            "D": "资源需求计划"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "746.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "747",
        "question": "747.你被分配为建筑项目的项目经理，这个项目此前有过两个前任项目经理只是完成日期会受到影响，但这样会影响此项目推迟4周。你发现一个可交付成果会被推迟交付，幸运的是你的分析表明这项内容可以从其它提供商方面以较高的价格采购而不会影响项目进度。你最应该做的是什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 评估此决定的影响",
            "B": " 为了做出决定和客户讨论影响",
            "C": " 赶工或快速跟进这个项目",
            "D": " 修改项目计划反应新的预期交付日期"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "747.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "748",
        "question": "748.在以下所有时间都应该开展行政收尾，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 在项目每个阶段结束时",
            "B": " 在整个项目结束时",
            "C": " 在项目提前终止时",
            "D": " 在新项目经理上任时"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "748.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "749",
        "question": "749.一个团队成员向你报告说：“张三先生已对项目采取了一项纠正措施，但他认为这个纠正措施不需要记录。”你应该怎么处理这个事情？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 责成张三先生记录这个纠正措施",
            "B": " 告诉报告者这个纠正措施的确没有必要记录",
            "C": " 向张三先生了解为什么不加以记录",
            "D": " 向管理层报告这个事情"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "749.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "750",
        "question": "750.你是个项目经理正工作在固定总价加奖励合同下。你目前项目绩效SPI=1.2，CPI=1.4。你的客户计划进行些变更将会影响到你的进度。在这种情况下你最好应该做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 会见出资人",
            "B": " 召开会议讨论对项目的影响",
            "C": " 遵循变更控制系统",
            "D": " 重新谈判合同，将新的变更包括进来"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "750.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "751",
        "question": "751.在与客户的例行见面会上，客户交了一份书面文件，要求你对项目范围作一个小的变更。这个客户是你的重要客户之一，你还指望以后从他那里获得更多的合同。你应该如何处理这个变更要求？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 同意免费进行这个变更",
            "B": " 给客户报一个进行该变更的价格",
            "C": " 拒绝这个变更请求",
            "D": " 告诉客户你需要评审这个变更对项目的影响，然后才能做出决定"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "751.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "752",
        "question": "752.工作分解结构是以下谁与谁之间沟通的有效工具之一？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目发起人与项目客户",
            "B": " 项目经理与客户",
            "C": " 项目团队与项目经理",
            "D": " 项目干系人之间"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "752.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "753",
        "question": "753.在项目执行过程中，两个团队成员就某项工作包所包含的内容发生了激烈争论，并来寻求你的调解。你应该查看以下哪个文件，来确认该工作包的内容？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目工作说明书",
            "B": " 项目范围说明书",
            "C": " WBS词典",
            "D": " 工作分解结构"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "753.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "754",
        "question": "754.你在为大型的医院开发一个软件。在理解项目需求后，你感觉他们必须为这个工作选择不同的技术。理想状态下这个事情应该在哪个过程被考虑？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 创建WBS",
            "B": " 活动定义",
            "C": " 开发项目管理计划",
            "D": " 定义范围"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "754.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "755",
        "question": "755.下列哪个最好的描述了头脑风暴会的特点？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 在会议上，团队成员的主意会根据优势、劣势、机会、威胁来组织",
            "B": " 在没有讨论和批判的情况下想法和念头得到收集。这些想法只有在会议结束才过滤和组织",
            "C": " 团队成员戴不同色彩的帽子，每个代表一种思考方式，他们从自己的观点来讨论某个主题",
            "D": " 项目经理会议期间要根除偏离的主题和概念，这样整个团队都将遵循项目经理的原则"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "755.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "756",
        "question": "756.在项目结束，项目经理发现项目在功能方面增加了4个区域；在执行方面增加3个区域。客户对项目感觉很满意。从项目是否成功的角度，这意味着什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目是不合格的",
            "B": " 项目是不成功的因为发生了镀金",
            "C": " 项目是不成功的因为客户高兴是因为没有为工作支付更多费用",
            "D": " 项目是成功的因为团队有机会学习功能方面新的领域，而且客户满意"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "756.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "757",
        "question": "757.下列哪个说法是不正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 产品分析是定义范围过程的工具和技术",
            "B": " 分解是创建WBS所使用的工具和技术",
            "C": " 配置管理系统是定义范围过程所使用的工具和技术",
            "D": " 检查是核实范围所使用的工具和技术"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "757.答案：C配置管理系统是“指导与管理项目执行”过程的工具和技术"
    },
    {
        "id": "758",
        "question": "758.你是项目经理，负责开发新的发电厂。您的项目要快速跟进，日期将接近产品接受。下列哪个技术对产品接受非常重要？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 检查",
            "B": " 审计",
            "C": " 影响分析",
            "D": " 团队评估"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "758.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "759",
        "question": "759.你和你的团队使用了主题专家进行了判断用来识别和分析项目风险。只有很少数量的专家可以使用，可是他们已经长期在“教师-学生”或“管理-助理”的关系中。下列哪个技术可以最好的确保在专家评估中不会出现独裁的观点？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 同级评审",
            "B": " SWOT（态势.分析",
            "C": " 德尔斐技术",
            "D": " 预期值计算"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "759.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "760",
        "question": "760.下列哪个因素对客户满意影响最大？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 有吸引力的项目价格，低运营成本的产品",
            "B": " 友好的项目经理和有效的项目后服务",
            "C": " 项目效率，项目经理的能力",
            "D": " 与项目需求一致，成果适用"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "760.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "761",
        "question": "761.您的项目班子刚完成某项目。尽管成果符合合同规定的义务，但顾客希望在最后验收前做若干小的改动。令双方满意地解决这一问题的最佳方式是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 利用项目备用金来进行项目调整和修改",
            "B": " 向顾客强调已经按合同协议完成项目",
            "C": " 请顾客提交涉及范围外的项目变更申请",
            "D": " 进行磋商，说服顾客实际上无需变更"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "761.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "762",
        "question": "762.项目需求必须在哪个过程确定？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目审核",
            "B": " 范围控制",
            "C": " 创建WBS",
            "D": " 收集需求"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "762.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "763",
        "question": "763.某项目已经完成了工作分解结构的编制工作。这时，你被安排去接替刚刚辞职的前任项目经理。你上任之后应该做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 编制WBS词典",
            "B": " 确认主要项目干系人已经参加了范围说明书与WBS的编制工作",
            "C": " 编制项目的进度计划、成本计划及其他相关计划",
            "D": " 编制合同工作说明书与采购计划"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "763.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "764",
        "question": "764.你可以使用以下哪项技术来确定项目目标？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 专家访谈",
            "B": " 挣值方法",
            "C": " 德尔菲技术",
            "D": " 定性风险分析"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "764.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "765",
        "question": "765.在项目执行过程中，项目经理不断提醒团队成员要集中精力完成工作分解结构中所规定的可交付成果，不要去做其它未经批准的工作。项目经理是在关注：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 风险管理",
            "B": " 范围管理",
            "C": " 范围变更管理",
            "D": " 团队建设"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "765.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "766",
        "question": "766.某个项目干系人找到项目经理讨论他们想增加一些范围到项目上，项目经理要求书面的更多细节描述并执行控制范围过程。在完成请求的范围评估后下一步项目经理应该做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 问干系人是否还有更多变更",
            "B": " 完成整体变更控制",
            "C": " 确保干系人理解变更的影响",
            "D": " 找出这些范围为什么没有在规划期间发现的根本原因"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "766.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "767",
        "question": "767.在你的项目内，你使用产品分析技术来转换项目目标为切实的可交付成果和要求。所有下列工具都被使用于产品分析中除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 价值工程",
            "B": " 价值分析",
            "C": " 产品分解",
            "D": " 利益/成本分析"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "767.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "768",
        "question": "768.某项目经理正在领导一个大型软件项目的网络计划编制工作，其中某些活动需要一起结束，还有些活动需要一起开始。请问：他们正在使用什么活动排序技术？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 关键路径法",
            "B": " 箭线法",
            "C": " 节点法",
            "D": " 横道图法"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "768.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "769",
        "question": "769.项目网络图中的时间滞后量是指：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 顺推与逆推计算的结果",
            "B": " 必须等待的时间",
            "C": " 一项活动可以延误的、但不会引起项目延误的时间",
            "D": " 一项活动可以延误的、但不会耽误其紧后工作最早开始时间的时间"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "769.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "770",
        "question": "770.一个开发者每天可以写100行代码。5天可以写500行代码。这里的估算方法是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 专家判断",
            "B": " 类比估算",
            "C": " 参数估算",
            "D": " 三点估算"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "770.答案：C参数估算法。生产率：生产单位成果单位资源所需要花费的时间（注意：这里与我们通常说的“生产率”意义不同）活动历时=成果数量×生产率/可用资源数量"
    },
    {
        "id": "771",
        "question": "771.你的组织面临管理项目的困难时期。你被要求帮助高层管理者理解这个情形，下列哪个类型的报告可以帮助向高层管理者提供摘要信息？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 详细的成本估算",
            "B": " 项目管理计划",
            "C": " 横道图",
            "D": " 里程碑报告"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "771.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "772",
        "question": "772.在准备项目的绩效报告时，你发现项目已经发生了-10天的浮动时间。你应该怎么处理这种情况？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 向管理层要求延长完工时间",
            "B": " 要求项目团队成员免费赶工来加快进度",
            "C": " 如果项目的总体风险不大，就进行快速跟进",
            "D": " 不采取任何措施，因为这个浮动时间没有超出允许的范围"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "772.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "773",
        "question": "773.任务A持续时间的悲观估计为36天，最可能估计为21天，乐观估计为6天。那么任务A在16 到26 天之间完成的概率有多大?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 55.70%",
            "B": " 68.26%",
            "C": " 95.46%",
            "D": " 99.73%"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "773.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "774",
        "question": "774.在编制项目计划过程中，应该由谁来进行活动持续时间估算？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 管理层",
            "B": " 职能经理",
            "C": " 项目经理",
            "D": " 熟悉该活动的团队成员"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "774.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "775",
        "question": "775.一个项目由三个活动组成。A活动历时5周，B活动历时6周，C活动历时7周。活动排序为A-B-C。但是，活动B的资源分配要1周，C在B活动开始1周后开始。则该项目最短工期是多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 12周",
            "B": " 13周",
            "C": " 14周",
            "D": " 16周"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "775.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "776",
        "question": "776.赶工描述了一种用来加速项目的技术，通过",
        "options": {
            "A": " 重新分配现有的资源或分配额外的资源到项目",
            "B": " 重叠活动，这些活动本来计划按顺序进行",
            "C": " 缩减产品特点数量从而减少开发工作",
            "D": " 缩减活动历时估算来增加负责该工作职员的压力"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "776.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "777",
        "question": "777.类比历时估算是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 自下向上估算法",
            "B": " 当只有少数有限的详细信息时，频繁的用来估算项目历时",
            "C": " 与多历时估算类似",
            "D": " 推理估算"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "777.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "778",
        "question": "778.管理层要求你提前一个月完成项目，你应该如何做？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 答应管理层要求",
            "B": " 评估提前完工的影响，然后告知管理层",
            "C": " 告诉管理层项目不可能提前完成",
            "D": " 立即开始在项目上采用快速工作法，以便提前完成"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "778.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "779",
        "question": "779.前导图（活动在节点上.和箭线图（活动在箭头上.是不同的，因为前导图：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 可以使用PERT",
            "B": " 有四种活动的逻辑关系",
            "C": " 只有完成-完成关系",
            "D": " 可能使用虚活动"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "779.答案：B条件绘图法CDM1、允许分支和回路2、与图形评审技术（GERT）共同使用风险评审技术VERTVentureEvaluationReviewTechnique"
    },
    {
        "id": "780",
        "question": "780.活动资源估算过程的输出包括：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 工作描述",
            "B": " 工资表",
            "C": " 识别和描述的需要资源的类别和数量",
            "D": " 类比估算"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "780.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "781",
        "question": "781.某大型软件开发项目正处于项目计划的编制工作中。已经完成了活动排序、资源估算、工期估算等工作，接着应该做什么工作？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 编制WBS词典",
            "B": " 进行成本预算",
            "C": " 把进度计划提交批准",
            "D": " 进行进度计划优化"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "781.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "782",
        "question": "782.活动定义包括识别并记载具体的活动，这些活动用来执行产出WBS中识别的成果或子成果。下列所有关于活动定义的输出活动列表的说法都是正确的除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 活动列表必须包括项目要执行的所有活动",
            "B": " 活动列表可能包括些活动这些活动不是项目被要求的部分",
            "C": " 活动列表包括每个活动的描述确保项目团队成员理解需要做什么工作",
            "D": " 活动列表用于进度模型是项目管理计划的组成部分"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "782.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "783",
        "question": "783.下列哪个不是活动属性的有特色的内容？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 执行进度活动的负责人",
            "B": " 进度活动的标识符，代码和描述",
            "C": " 进度活动的前置活动和后续活动",
            "D": " 分配到进度活动的成本基准"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "783.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "784",
        "question": "784.你在软件项目的开发阶段，你在会见开发团队来收集项目状态。你想向团队成员展示不同任务之间的逻辑关系。哪个进度工具可以用在此过程（选择最好的答案.？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 里程碑",
            "B": " 流程图",
            "C": " 网络图",
            "D": " 甘特图"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "784.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "785",
        "question": "785.在开始数据分析工作之前，必须完成数据的收集工作。请问，数据分析与数据收集之间是什么逻辑关系？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 进度依赖",
            "B": " 强制性依赖",
            "C": " 选择性依赖",
            "D": " 外部依赖"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "785.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "786",
        "question": "786.最佳实践通常涉及什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 一套标准的成果，如计划、报告和检查单",
            "B": " 一系列工具和技术，项目经理必须精通",
            "C": " 运用到项目管理上的技术发展水平的概念",
            "D": " 特定次序的工作，用软逻辑来描述"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "786.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "787",
        "question": "787.在开始制造之前必须完成设计工作是个什么的例子：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 自由依赖",
            "B": " 外部依赖",
            "C": " 强制依赖",
            "D": " 范围依赖"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "787.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "788",
        "question": "788.你是Alpha网络的项目经理。你们公司在为一个大银行架构网络规划。你计划使用网络图来表现活动列表中活动的依赖关系。下列哪个说法是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " PDM又被称为AOA绘图法",
            "B": " PDM又被称为AOD绘图法",
            "C": " PDM又被称为AON绘图法",
            "D": " PDM又被称为ADM绘图法"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "788.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "789",
        "question": "789.什么是虚活动？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 出现在PDM中，是不必要的，如果时间超支就可以去掉",
            "B": " 箭头出现在ADM中用来表示两个节点之间的依赖关系，并没有真实活动内容",
            "C": " 活动，可以由最低智商的成员完成",
            "D": " 出现在PDM中不需要团队成员执行"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "789.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "790",
        "question": "790.时差是活动在没有耽误项目完工日期的前提下可以推迟的时间总和。又被称为：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 时差",
            "B": " 总时差",
            "C": " 路径时差",
            "D": " 关键路径"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "790.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "791",
        "question": "791.在尝试提前完成项目，项目经理在考虑赶工每个活动相关的成本。最好的赶工方式包括考虑：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 赶工每个活动的风险影响",
            "B": " 客户对哪个活动去赶工的意见",
            "C": " 老板对赶工哪个活动和赶工什么顺序的意见",
            "D": " 项目生命期阶段中哪个活动会出现"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "791.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "792",
        "question": "792.当项目经理完成最初的项目进度计划时，非常重要的是得到谁的认可？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目出资人",
            "B": " 项目团队",
            "C": " 职能经理",
            "D": " 客户"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "792.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "793",
        "question": "793.识别并记载特定的被执行的工作和识别工作包层面的工作都同样重要，这是哪个过程的一部分：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 活动定义",
            "B": " 分解",
            "C": " 定义范围",
            "D": " 活动排序"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "793.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "794",
        "question": "794.某工厂需要建设一条新生产线。该生产线建设期2年，投产后计划使用20年。管理层要求方案设计时必须综合考虑生产线的建设成本与建成后的使用成本。你应该用以下那种方法来满足管理层的要求？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 生命周期成本法",
            "B": " 项目生命周期法",
            "C": " 项目管理生命周期法",
            "D": " 管理成本法"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "794.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "795",
        "question": "795.某人刚被任命为某项目的项目经理，正在指导项目计划的编制工作。你是该项目的主要干系人之一，你想要立即拿到项目的成本预算，但项目经理没有给你。最可能的原因是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 在风险管理策划还没有完成之前，无法确定项目的预算",
            "B": " 项目章程中没有规定成本目标",
            "C": " 你没有权利索要项目预算",
            "D": " 项目经理与你有一些私人恩怨，他不愿意给你"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "795.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "796",
        "question": "796.基于以前项目的经验，某人正在按每单位面积墙壁、地面、天花板、门、窗机其他要素，编制一个办公大楼建设项目的成本预算。他正在使用的估算方法是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 自下而上的估算",
            "B": " 参数估算",
            "C": " 类比估算",
            "D": " 自上而下的估算"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "796.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "797",
        "question": "797.团队培训属于哪个类型的成本？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 直接成本",
            "B": " NPV",
            "C": " 间接成本",
            "D": " 固定成本"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "797.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "798",
        "question": "798.ABC公司通常用年数总和法来计算资产的折旧。他们花1.7万元买了一台计算机，估计三年后能卖2000元。那么第三年的折旧是多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 5000元",
            "B": " 4500元",
            "C": " 7500元",
            "D": " 2500元"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "798.答案：D解释：根据折旧公式，计算折旧额17000-2000=15000第1年折15000×3/6；第3年折15000×1/6=2500。第2年折15000×2/6；"
    },
    {
        "id": "799",
        "question": "799.你是一个项目经理负责在沿河建造房子，在雨季，由于河水上涨房子被冲垮对项目造成了损失。你需要应对这个风险，为此你可以自由动用下列哪部分的资金？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 管理储备",
            "B": " 应急储备",
            "C": " 保险费",
            "D": " 项目成本预算"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "799.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "800",
        "question": "800.介于成本基准和成本预算之间的费用被称为：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 管理储备",
            "B": " 应急储备",
            "C": " 项目成本估算",
            "D": " 成本账户"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "800.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "801",
        "question": "801.你正在领导一个项目团队开发一种非常复杂的产品，这种产品可以通过电离子直接作用于人的大脑前额皮层来刺激人的神经系统。由于项目在技术上非常复杂，使得你必须对成本进行严格地跟踪和控制，其中主要包括直接成本和间接成本(企业一般管理费用)你发现对间接成本的管理特别困难，这是因为它:",
        "options": {
            "A": " 是按照“一个项目一个项目”的方式来处理的",
            "B": " 只代表直接的劳动成本",
            "C": " 只代表项目需要的设备和原料",
            "D": " 项目经理不能控制这部分成本支出"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "801.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "802",
        "question": "802.项目实现值分析数据如下：EV=523000；PV=623000；AC=643000；下列哪个结果是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " CV",
            "B": " CV",
            "C": " CV",
            "D": " CV"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "802.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "803",
        "question": "803.成本应急储备是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不报告管理层，防止不被批准。",
            "B": " 追加到每一项任务中，以免客户知道储备成本的存在。",
            "C": " 管理层持有，为了防止超支。",
            "D": " 追加到项目成本基线中，为了应对风险。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "803.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "804",
        "question": "804.你负责一个大型公司的聚会活动，你预期有1000多人会参加。你租借了巨大的礼堂，由于大雨只有800人到场参加此活动。你为礼堂花费了1000美元。下列哪个是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 800美元是直接成本，200美元是间接成本",
            "B": " 800美元是固定成本，200美元是可变成本",
            "C": " 1000美元是固定成本",
            "D": " 800美元是可变成本，200美元是固定成本"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "804.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "805",
        "question": "805.你正打算接手某个项目，你发现如下信息：活动Z最早开始日期是第15天，最晚开始日期是第20天。活动Z是很困难的活动。成本绩效指数（CPI.是1.1，进度绩效指数（SPI.是0.8。有11个干系人在这个项目，基于这些信息，下列哪个是你最关心的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 进度",
            "B": " 时差",
            "C": " 成本",
            "D": " 可利用资源的数量"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "805.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "806",
        "question": "806.下列哪个最好的描述了成本基准？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 成本基准总是转换以时间分段的成本信息到费用数据在活动或工作包层面上而创建",
            "B": " 成本基准是批准后的按时间分段的预算用来测量和监控项目的成本绩效",
            "C": " 通过必要的来自真实项目成本的信息，绘制成本基准上的数据可以容易的获得和更新",
            "D": " 成本基准通常显示为从项目开始到项目结束日期的逆S曲线"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "806.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "807",
        "question": "807.截至考核时点，某项目的进度绩效指数是1.1，成本绩效指数是1.1。这种情况表明：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 成本偏差是由进度偏差引起的",
            "B": " 项目使用了能力不足的工人",
            "C": " 进度与成本的偏差对项目是有利的",
            "D": " 进度偏差时有成本偏差引起的"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "807.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "808",
        "question": "808.一个项目在启动阶段的估算为$100,000。当用这一估算来作是否继续进行项目的决策时，我们期望估算的精确度可以在：",
        "options": {
            "A": " -50% 到+100%",
            "B": " +25% 到-10%",
            "C": " +10% 到-5%",
            "D": " +10% 到-25%"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "808.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "809",
        "question": "809.如果生产1个单位的可变成本是100美元，所有固定成本为2,500美元，那么另生产10个单位的成本是多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": " $3,500",
            "B": " $1,000",
            "C": " $3,600",
            "D": " $1,500"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "809.答案：A生产10个单位的成本：10×100+2500=1000+2500=3500美元幻灯片131"
    },
    {
        "id": "810",
        "question": "810.客户对一个项目采取竞争性投标。客户规定项目成本为150万美元。年收入50万美元的X投标方，也参与该招标过程。该潜在客户项目获得的年净现金流为25万美元。根据X投标方的情况，在这种情况下投资回收期是多长时间？",
        "options": {
            "B": "2年 ",
            "C": "3年 ",
            "D": "6年"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "810.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "811",
        "question": "811.某项目在实施过程中，周围环境发生了较大变化，以至于需要考虑项目是否应提前终止。再做出相应决策时，需要考虑以下所有成本，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 直接成本",
            "B": " 间接成本",
            "C": " 可变成本",
            "D": " 沉没成本 "
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "811.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "812",
        "question": "812.你需要在4个项目中选择一个项目加以启动。项目A的效益成本率为0.9，项目B的投资回收期为3年，项目C的净现值为10万元，项目D的沉没成本是1万元。假定你无法获得进一步的信息，你会选择：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目A",
            "B": " 项目B",
            "C": " 项目C",
            "D": " 项目D"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "812.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "813",
        "question": "813.下列哪种折旧方法享受的税收优惠最小？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 双倍余额递减法（Double declining balance.",
            "B": " 直线法（Straight line.",
            "C": " 年数总和法（Sum of the years digit.",
            "D": " 折余值（Salvage value."
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "813.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "814",
        "question": "814.凯思恩(Kaizen.是一种强调质量持续改进的方法。它通过以下哪一项来实现持续改进？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不断取得大的进步",
            "B": " 逐渐的增量改进",
            "C": " 采用帕累托定律",
            "D": " 着眼于质量成本的降低"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "814.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "815",
        "question": "815.项目实施过程中，客户要求对工作分解结构中所列的一个主要可交付成果进行重大变更。由于变更的性质，你必须确定变更后的可交付成果的质量标准。你正处于那个过程中？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 规划质量",
            "B": " 实施质量保证",
            "C": " 实施质量控制",
            "D": " 质量缺陷预防"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "815.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "816",
        "question": "816.为了判断项目实施过程是否失控，项目质量管理人员需要了解：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 损及抽样与统计抽样之间的区别",
            "B": " 缺陷预防与质量保证之间的区别",
            "C": " 质量控制与成本控制之间的区别",
            "D": " 随机原因与特殊原因之间的区别"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "816.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "817",
        "question": "817.在进行现场检查时，你发现项目的一个重要部件有严重缺陷。你立即召集团队相关成员对该缺陷进行分析，以便找出问题发生的原因。你们正在做的工作属于以下哪个项目质量管理过程？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 实施质量保证",
            "B": " 实施质量控制",
            "C": " 规划质量",
            "D": " 跟踪质量"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "817.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "818",
        "question": "818.一个客户在某银行办理了一笔较大金额款项的汇款业务。之后，再次检查汇款单据时，发现银行开出的汇款单上写错了汇入帐号中的一个数字，虽然客户填写的银行的原始单据上的汇入帐号是正确的。客户立即打电话给银行工作人员，被告知这个错误已在银行内部随后的审查程序中得到纠正。该银行：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 质量保证与控制工作做得不错，以至于能够在最后关头发现并纠正缺陷",
            "B": " 应该改进内部审核程序，以便防止发生外部失败成本",
            "C": " 应该告诉客户不要为这样的小问题来麻烦自己",
            "D": " 应该认为这种错误是不可避免的，不必采取任何改进措施"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "818.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "819",
        "question": "819.以下哪项最接近朱兰的质量理论：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 需求一致性",
            "B": " 适用性",
            "C": " 持续改进",
            "D": " 客户的关注"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "819.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "820",
        "question": "820.质量规划之后，你创建了按条目的工具来检查是否明确的步骤在测验你产品时被遵循。这个工具被称为：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 检查单",
            "B": " 运营定义",
            "C": " 质量管理计划",
            "D": " 试验设计"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "820.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "821",
        "question": "821.一种统计方法用来帮助识别在生产或开发中哪个因素可能影响特定的变量？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 鱼刺图",
            "B": " 帕累托图",
            "C": " 试验设计",
            "D": " 成本收益分析"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "821.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "822",
        "question": "822.一个描述关于项目管理团队应该如何执行的，来自组织的关于质量的指导（由高层发布.被称为：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 运营定义",
            "B": " 质量管理计划",
            "C": " 检查单",
            "D": " 质量政策"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "822.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "823",
        "question": "823.控制图帮助项目经理：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 关注最关键的问题来改进质量",
            "B": " 关注模拟思考",
            "C": " 研究最想要的未来的成功",
            "D": " 确定是否过程失控"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "823.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "824",
        "question": "824.你在准备个图表用来分析两个变量，因变量和自变量，为了看到两个变量之间的关系，你会使用下列哪个图表？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 因果图",
            "B": " 控制图",
            "C": " 流程图",
            "D": " 散点图"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "824.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "825",
        "question": "825.根据80/20规则，80%的问题可能是由20%的原因引起。为了找出哪些关键的问题，你将问题进行排序使用：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 统计抽样",
            "B": " 控制图",
            "C": " 帕累托图",
            "D": " 检查"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "825.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "826",
        "question": "826.你在一个Just In Time的环境管理项目。这需要更多关注，因为在这种环境中通常库存数量为：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 45%",
            "B": " 10%",
            "C": " 12%",
            "D": " 0%"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "826.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "827",
        "question": "827.新的软件安装项目正在进度中。项目经理和质量保证部门一起工作来改进每个人对项目符合质量标准的信心。下列哪个必须是他们开始这个过程之前完成的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 质量问题",
            "B": " 质量改进",
            "C": " 质量控制衡量",
            "D": " 返工"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "827.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "828",
        "question": "828.你在试图确定什么样的成本和进度转换比例更适合的项目。你有个选择：选择一个有经验的人员他每小时120美元做某个工作在45天完成，或者选择较少经验的一个人他每小时80美元完成相同工作需要65天。一个可以帮助你做出决定的工具是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 质量成本",
            "B": " 因果分析",
            "C": " 试验设计",
            "D": " 网络图"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "828.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "829",
        "question": "829.在质量管理中如何使用流程图？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 流程图可以帮助识别不在岗位的人",
            "B": " 流程图可以帮助预见问题",
            "C": " 流程图可以帮助确定职员的职责",
            "D": " 流程图可以帮助稍后作出反应"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "829.答案：B“在质量规划过程中，流程图有助于项目团队预测可能发生的质量问题。”(P198)"
    },
    {
        "id": "830",
        "question": "830.质量是指：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 满足管理层的要求",
            "B": " 项目产品符合要求且适合使用",
            "C": " 满足并超过客户对项目产品的期望",
            "D": " 给客户更多的东西"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "830.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "831",
        "question": "831.下列都不是质量保证的例子除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 检查",
            "B": " 过程分析",
            "C": " 帕累托图",
            "D": " 鱼刺图"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "831.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "832",
        "question": "832.质量管理是项目管理的补充。它强调：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 使用额外的特点来符合或超过客户的期望",
            "B": " 适合需求和适用性",
            "C": " 递减项目总体拥有成本",
            "D": " 联合外部资源降低风险"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "832.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "833",
        "question": "833.下列关于质量和等级的说法哪个是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 低质量可能被接受，可低等级永远是个问题",
            "B": " 低质量和低等级永远是个问题",
            "C": " 低等级可能被接受，可低质量永远是个问题",
            "D": " 质量和等级是相同的"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "833.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "834",
        "question": "834.某软件开发项目正处于试运行阶段。在试运行过程中，出现了两个需要纠正的问题。为了有效地解决这两个问题，你应该确认：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 它们之间是否具有一定的相关性",
            "B": " 它们是否会影响项目的整体质量",
            "C": " 那个团队成员应该对它们负责任",
            "D": " 管理层对它们应该承担的责任"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "834.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "835",
        "question": "835.谁对项目的质量管理负责？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目领导",
            "B": " 质量控制部门",
            "C": " 项目经理",
            "D": " 团队成员"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "835.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "836",
        "question": "836.下列哪个关于正确度和精确度的说法是正确的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 精确度是说连续性；正确度是说是否符合事实",
            "B": " 精确度是说是否符合事实；正确度是说连续性",
            "C": " 精确度和正确度是一样的",
            "D": " 精确度用来测量长度；正确度用来测量你的时间"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "836.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "837",
        "question": "837.Jake被任命为一个多组织项目的经理。他自己所在的组织承担主要的工作，质量政策比较弱。其他组织没有质量政策，Jake需要",
        "options": {
            "A": " 使用他组织中的质量政策，因为他的组织承担主要的工作",
            "B": " 向项目发起人申请额外的经费建立一个质量规则",
            "C": " 向所有组织寻求意见组成一个质量规则",
            "D": " 与来自各个组织的项目团队成员一起制定项目的质量政策，但为了避免负面影响不告诉其他人"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "837.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "838",
        "question": "838.所有下列都是非一致成本的例子除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 返工",
            "B": " 质量培训",
            "C": " 废料",
            "D": " 保修成本"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "838.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "839",
        "question": "839.以下哪项是用户通过将项目实际或计划做法与其它项目进行比较来提供一种标准的衡量：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 相似模型",
            "B": " 基准对照",
            "C": " 历史信息",
            "D": " 参数模型"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "839.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "840",
        "question": "840.你是个制造业的项目经理。你正在使用采样的方式随时来监控生产过程的偏差。你会使用下列哪个质量控制的工具？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 统计抽样",
            "B": " 散点图",
            "C": " 控制图",
            "D": " 帕累托图"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "840.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "841",
        "question": "841.你从某职能部门获得了一个人员。该人员加入项目团队后，你发现她不具备从事本项目工作的某些知识。你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 把该成员退回职能部门",
            "B": " 对该成员进行适当的培训",
            "C": " 要求他的职能经理对他进行培训",
            "D": " 向管理层报告这个情况"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "841.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "842",
        "question": "842.某个来自公司财务部门的团队成员，在你的项目上工作了一个月之后，马上就要离开、重回职能部门了。你应该采取什么行动？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 他在项目上的工作时间很短，你不需要对他的工作业绩作评价",
            "B": " 立即招聘另外一个财务人员来接替他的工作",
            "C": " 为该成员的工作业绩评价提供输入",
            "D": " 着手更新项目的人员配备管理计划"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "842.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "843",
        "question": "843.根据天气预报，过几个小时将有一场大暴风雨。为了防止损坏，项目的一个关键部分必须加以保护。两个项目团队成员对如何保护这个部分争论不休，以至于很可能延误采取保护措施的时间。这种情况下，你应该如何解决它们之间的冲突？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 深入分析它们之间产生分歧的原因",
            "B": " 允许他们继续争论，直到达成一致意见",
            "C": " 命令它们停止争论，并按你的要求采取保护措施",
            "D": " 请管理层来解决"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "843.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "844",
        "question": "844.下面哪个激励理论认为人们底层的需求满足之后才会考虑上层的需求？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 马斯洛",
            "B": " 戴明",
            "C": " 麦克格雷",
            "D": " 赫尔兹伯格"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "844.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "845",
        "question": "845.以下哪些结果是双赢冲突的解决方案?",
        "options": {
            "A": " 妥协",
            "B": " 强制",
            "C": " 解决问题",
            "D": " 缓和"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "845.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "846",
        "question": "846.你有个员工正在做软件维护工作，他表示他想做开发工作。因为很难找到合适的人来做维护工作，你决定让他继续做维护给他加薪水25%。可是这样你做后你发现他还是缺乏活力。这是什么理论的例子？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 马斯洛理论",
            "B": " 赫尔斯伯格理论",
            "C": " 麦克格雷理论",
            "D": " 期望理论"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "846.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "847",
        "question": "847.你负责管理一个为期两年的项目，现在已经进行到了项目的第二年。自项目开始以来，在项目的一些角色和责任方面都发生了一些改变。一些团队成员中途离开了，也有一些人被补充进来了，还有几个完成的工作包没有得到必需的确认。一些团队成员认为，他们应该负责评估一些工作包，至少提供一些输入资料。项目有一名关键成员突然离队，这使得3个工作包的进度拖后了5 周。你好像还不知道该由谁来负责项目的各个行动。为了掌握对项目的控制权，你需要:",
        "options": {
            "A": " 根据当前的资源需求重新设定员工分配管理计划",
            "B": " 把组织结构改变成项目型组织以最大程度地控制资源分配的控制程度",
            "C": " 同项目团队一起制作一个责任分配矩阵",
            "D": " 另设一个部门，专人负责一些比较关键的问题。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "847.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "848",
        "question": "848.基本规则对项目团队的进一步建设很有帮助。然而为了使这些规则发生效力：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 团队成员必须工作在同一地点",
            "B": " 这些规则必须执行",
            "C": " 团队成员必须接受团队建设方面的训练",
            "D": " 来自外部的协助人员监控团队的工作进度"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "848.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "849",
        "question": "849.你现在是某个制药公司的项目经理，此前你已经作为科学家在此行业工作多年。你的下属尊敬你来获得你的建议和指导。你所拥有的权力是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "参考",
            "B": "专家",
            "C": "合法",
            "D": "奖励"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "849.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "850",
        "question": "850.有个正处在绩效期的团队。一个新成员刚加入这个团队，这个团队将会发生什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 团队将继续在绩效期",
            "B": " 团队将到达形成期",
            "C": " 团队将到达振荡期",
            "D": " 取决于这个新成员，如果他很具有合作精神，团队将继续在绩效期"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "850.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "851",
        "question": "851.你此前的项目经理都是靠自己做出很多决策，从不咨询下属意见，他所相信的领导风格是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "自由",
            "B": "断定",
            "C": "独裁",
            "D": "教练"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "851.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "852",
        "question": "852.哪种激励理论认为能真正起激励作用的并不是工作所带来的收入，而是对工作的责任、自我实现的要求以及长远的职业发展等？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 戴明的PDCA环",
            "B": " 马斯洛的需求层次理论",
            "C": " 赫兹伯格的双因素理论",
            "D": " 麦格雷戈的X理论与Y理论"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "852.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "853",
        "question": "853.在项目团队的早期，项目经理的领导方式是什么:",
        "options": {
            "A": "教练",
            "B": "支持",
            "C": "委派",
            "D": "指引"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "853.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "854",
        "question": "854.采用平衡式矩阵结构进行管理的一个项目，涉及公司内部许多职能部门。为了使团队成员更好地为项目工作，应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 建立一个作战室",
            "B": " 避免团队成员之间的直接接触",
            "C": " 使项目经理的地位高于职能经理",
            "D": " 使全部团队成员都全职为项目工作"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "854.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "855",
        "question": "855.在项目执行期间你发现某个成员被其他成员所孤立。这种情形下哪个方式是错误的？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 团队成员之间的人际关系是他们的私事，你不应该干扰",
            "B": " 你应该使用团队建设措施来改进团队的效力",
            "C": " 你应该尝试从被孤立的成员得到反馈，理解这种情形",
            "D": " 你应该尝试从其他团队成员得到反馈，理解这种情形"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "855.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "856",
        "question": "856.你所管理的项目正处在实施的高峰时期，所在公司又启动了一个新项目。由于公司把新项目的优先程度排在你的项目前面，以至于你的几个重要的团队成员向你提交辞职报告，打算到新项目上去工作。这几个成员的离开，将给你的项目带来很大的麻烦。你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不批准这几个成员的辞职报告",
            "B": " 向管理层求助",
            "C": " 向项目发起人求助",
            "D": " 要求新项目的经理不要接受这几个人员"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "856.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "857",
        "question": "857.项目上曾经出现过一个问题。你当时采取了一个措施来解决它。但是，现在同样的问题又出现了。你很可能是忘了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 做头脑风暴",
            "B": " 使用德尔菲技术",
            "C": " 使用流程图",
            "D": " 确认该措施的有效性"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "857.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "858",
        "question": "858.由于此前职能经理作出决策，让你必须使用不足的资源，导致你的项目延期。下列哪个是你立刻使用的重要技能？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 规划",
            "B": " 谈判",
            "C": " 推动",
            "D": " 记录"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "858.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "859",
        "question": "859.PMP®考前培训班的老师告诉学员，PMBOK®指南应该至少看4遍，还要认真读2遍《PMP®考试指南》，还要做1000道以上的模拟试题，以确保通过PMP®考试。老师正在使用：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 正式权力",
            "B": " 参照性权利",
            "C": " 专家权力",
            "D": " 奖励权利"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "859.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "860",
        "question": "860.公司刚刚启动了一个复杂的大型项目。该项目涉及5个国家，有2/3的团队成员分布在不同的国家或地区，而且许多团队成员还是兼职在项目上工作的。为了更好的管理项目团队，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 准备一份资源甘特图",
            "B": " 编制一份人员配备管理计划",
            "C": " 编制项目进度计划",
            "D": " 避免使用虚拟团队"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "860.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "861",
        "question": "861.人力资源规划过程你识别到你的团队成员不符合他们的任务要求，下列哪个是合适的方式来解决这个问题？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 降低投入的程度",
            "B": " 编写培训计划",
            "C": " 规划质量审计",
            "D": " 规划质量检查"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "861.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "862",
        "question": "862.你正在管理一个虚拟团队。你的团队成员都分布在不同的地方工作，而且只能碰一两次面。这个项目已经启动有几个月了，你强烈地感觉到这些成员并没有把他们视为一个整体的团队。为了改善这种情况，你应该:",
        "options": {
            "A": " 确保每个项目团队的成员都使用电子邮件进行沟通",
            "B": " 命令团队成员要服从组织的安排和命令",
            "C": " 创造项目团队标识来增进团队的凝聚力",
            "D": " 通过沟通向团队成员提供最新的技术和指令"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "862.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "863",
        "question": "863.当被分配为项目经理，你注意到执行期间在团队中出现些技术和人际关系层面的冲突。适当的解决冲突的方式是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "冲突会转移团队注意力打断工作节奏，你应该总是当他们出现时进行调和",
            "B": "冲突应该在会议上进行解决，这样整个团队都可以参与找出解决方案",
            "C": "冲突应该尽早识别，通常使用私下的，直接的，合作的方式来解决",
            "D": "你应该使用你的强制权力来快速解决冲突，使他们集中在实现目标上"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "863.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "864",
        "question": "864.冲突的正面价值被低估。如果进行适当地处理, 冲突是一个可贵的工具, 特别当",
        "options": {
            "A": "需要转换时",
            "B": "矛盾尚处于它们的早期阶段，并且情感介入程度较低",
            "C": "矛盾处于它们的晚期阶段，并且情感介入程度较高",
            "D": "冲突也许导致职权损失"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "864.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "865",
        "question": "865.你和你的同事就一个问题进行了激烈的讨论，这导致了产生了敌对的氛围。为了“降温”减轻这种气氛，你同意了你同事的观点。你此时使用的冲突解决方式是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 问题解决",
            "B": " 回避",
            "C": " 强制",
            "D": " 面对"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "865.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "866",
        "question": "866.项目刚刚开始，人员来自14个不同的部门。项目章程已经签名，包括30多个主要的需求是项目必须满足的。出资人告诉项目经理，SPI必须保持在0.95到1.1之间。少量的调查识别了34个干系人，项目的进度目标是制约要素。项目经理刚刚被雇用。下列哪个类型的权力能够最好的帮助项目经理获得和他人的合作？",
        "options": {
            "A": "正式",
            "B": "参考",
            "C": "处罚",
            "D": "专家"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "866.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "867",
        "question": "867.按照麦克格雷格的观点，运用X理论的经理把员工看作是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "主动性高，可靠并愿意承担责任",
            "B": "不可信任，任何时候都需要监视和严格管理",
            "C": "第一次接受任务时，工作效率很高",
            "D": "开始时工作效率不高，但随后进入高效率工作期"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "867.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "868",
        "question": "868.沟通不畅最可能导致的结果是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 管理层不高兴",
            "B": " 产生太多的冲突",
            "C": " 项目成本超支",
            "D": " 保留许多信息以便提高自己的优势"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "868.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "869",
        "question": "869.项目经理正在编制项目的绩效报告，请问：他是在做哪一个项目管理过程组的工作？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 规划过程组",
            "B": " 执行过程组",
            "C": " 监控过程组",
            "D": " 启动过程组"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "869.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "870",
        "question": "870.PMI对报考PMP的人员有项目管理经历与教育的背景要求。PMI会随机抽查一些人员所报的经历与教育背景的真实性。被抽到审查的人员必须在规定时间内按规定的格式向PMI邮寄经过相关人员签字的证明材料，否则就会失去考试资格。PMI声明不接受审查材料的电子文件或传真件，这种要求是属于：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 非正式书面沟通",
            "B": " 正式电子沟通",
            "C": " 正式书面沟通",
            "D": " 正式口头沟通"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "870.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "871",
        "question": "871.你是一个新启动项目的项目经理，你需要从职能部门获得相应的专业人员。在与职能经理沟通时，你主要依靠：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 公关技能",
            "B": " 谈判技能",
            "C": " 命令技能",
            "D": " 面对问题的技能"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "871.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "872",
        "question": "872.你有个项目团队有四十多人位于休斯顿，德克萨斯州。Email和通知被频繁的用来在团队成员之间沟通。这是什么类型沟通的例子？",
        "options": {
            "A": "正式书面",
            "B": "非正式书面",
            "C": "正式口头",
            "D": "非正式口头"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "872.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "873",
        "question": "873.项目有4个成员在同一个项目工作地点，还有2个在其他地点，又有一个人加入到远程团队。沟通渠道将增加多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 7",
            "B": " 6",
            "C": " 9",
            "D": " 12"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "873.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "874",
        "question": "874.项目经理让新的项目团队成员承担沟通管理的责任。作为承担该责任的组成部分，项目经理让团队成员创建一份沟通管理计划。若要创建该计划，则需要下列哪一项？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目章程",
            "B": " 干系人管理战略",
            "C": " 需求文档",
            "D": " 风险管理计划"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "874.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "875",
        "question": "875.下列哪一项属于一种预测方法？",
        "options": {
            "B": "推动",
            "C": "拉",
            "D": "相互沟通"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "875.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "876",
        "question": "876.一个大型项目的项目经理分享绩效信息，并准备进度报告。下列哪一个方法能够让项目经理量化偏差？",
        "options": {
            "B": "判断方法",
            "C": "报告方法",
            "D": "挣值"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "876.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "877",
        "question": "877.项目状态报告应该发送给：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目发起人",
            "B": " 管理层",
            "C": " 客户",
            "D": " 沟通管理计划中规定的干系人"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "877.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "878",
        "question": "878.项目沟通管理中信息的过滤：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 应当尽量限制",
            "B": " 是好的沟通所必须的",
            "C": " 只有当项目出现重大问题或危机时才应该发生",
            "D": " B和C"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "878.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "879",
        "question": "879.你最近加入某个公司成为项目经理。为了熟悉公司的政策和最佳实践，你和其他项目经理两人合作。介于你们俩之间的沟通是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "书面",
            "B": "正式",
            "C": "水平",
            "D": "口头"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "879.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "880",
        "question": "880.在关于合同的关键谈判中，你会见两个其他方进行讨论。你应该花费大量注意力到下列哪个沟通中？",
        "options": {
            "A": "正式口头",
            "B": "非正式口头",
            "C": "非语言",
            "D": "正式书面"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "880.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "881",
        "question": "881.在项目环境下，下列有关沟通的论述哪一个是正确的:",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目经理必须承担主要责任，以确保发出的讯息已经收到",
            "B": "有效的会议、\"作战室\"和紧密型矩阵可以促进有效的沟通",
            "C": "如果一个项目由12人组成，则存在42个潜在的沟通渠道",
            "D": "大多数项目经理花费30%的工作时间用于沟通"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "881.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "882",
        "question": "882.任何项目都有一定的风险。风险是指：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不可抗力",
            "B": " 对项目有好影响或坏影响的不确定性事件",
            "C": " 因承包商管理不善而使项目无法顺利进行的情况",
            "D": " 不利于项目成功的任何不确定性事件"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "882.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "883",
        "question": "883.你的一个团队成员已经完成了对相关风险的定性分析，他来问你下一步该做什么。你应该告诉他：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 对风险进行排序",
            "B": " 对一些重要的风险进行定量分析",
            "C": " 对所有风险都进行定量分析",
            "D": " 实施风险应对策略"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "883.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "884",
        "question": "884.没有哪一个项目可以对所有被识别的风险都进行积极管理。有些不太重要的风险可以暂时放在一边，被当作残余风险。对这些残余风险，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不用对它们采取任何行动，因为这些风险都比较小",
            "B": " 把它们移交给客户，让客户来管理",
            "C": " 把它们记录下来，并观察相关情况的变化",
            "D": " 用风险管理计划中的应急对策对它们加以管理"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "884.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "885",
        "question": "885.一家公司采取全球化作为风险减轻战略，应对发达经济体中增长前景缩小的问题。在风险评审委员会召开的会议上，项目经理了解到公司的全球收入并未按预期速度增长。项目经理处于项目生命期中的哪个阶段？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 风险规划阶段",
            "B": " 执行风险响应阶段",
            "C": " 监控风险阶段",
            "D": " 关闭风险登记册过程"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "885.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "886",
        "question": "886.在对公司至关重要的项目中，公司委派经验丰富且经过认证的项目经理替代没有经验的项目经理。采取这个措施的目的是为了确保不会因为项目经理缺乏经验而给项目的成功带来不利影响。这是采取哪一类风险战略？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 风险减轻",
            "B": " 风险接受",
            "C": " 风险回避",
            "D": " 风险转移"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "886.答案：C风险回避的特点是消除风险或风险产生的原因。采取措施包括“采用熟悉”，本题显然是消除了风险产生的原因，即项目经理缺乏经验。"
    },
    {
        "id": "887",
        "question": "887.一个预期之外的新风险事件发生了，项目经理认为该风险事件可能影响到项目进度。下列哪一项可以帮助项目经理处理这个新风险？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 风险管理计划更新",
            "B": " 权变措施",
            "C": " 纠正措施",
            "D": " 实施之前确定的风险减轻计划"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "887.答案：B术语表。Workaround[Technique]权变措施[技术]：对已经发生的不利风险的应对。与应急计划不同的是，权变措施在风险发生之前并未事先安排。"
    },
    {
        "id": "888",
        "question": "888.在下列哪一种情况中，项目经理会审查风险日志？",
        "options": {
            "B": "定期的项目状态会议",
            "C": "与项目发起人开会",
            "D": "与项目干系人召开的正式项目审查会议"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "888.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "889",
        "question": "889.项目经理希望更好地理解与项目有关的风险。评估风险时使用的两个因素是什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 风险概率和风险影响",
            "B": " 风险分级和风险安全",
            "C": " 风险减轻成本和风险优先级",
            "D": " 风险质量评估和风险紧要程度"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "889.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "890",
        "question": "890.能够根据输入数据显示出可能结果范围的计算机模拟属于哪一项的组成部分？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 相应计划编制",
            "B": " 定量风险分析",
            "C": " 定性风险分析",
            "D": " 过程管理"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "890.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "891",
        "question": "891.下列哪一份文件确定了每个(已.识别风险的负责人",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目计划",
            "B": " 风险管理计划",
            "C": " 风险登记册",
            "D": " 风险应对计划"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "891.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "892",
        "question": "892.2003年在中国部分地区爆发了以前从来没有遇到过的非典型肺炎，许多建筑项目受到影响。某项目购买了大量的口罩与中药，发给团队成员，用于预防非典型肺炎。购买这些口罩与中药的成本应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 从作为成本基准的项目预算中开支",
            "B": " 从执行组织的应急经费中开支",
            "C": " 从项目的应急经费中开支",
            "D": " 列入项目成本绩效的考核范围内"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "892.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "893",
        "question": "893.进行风险的定性分析时，需要考虑以下所有因素，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 保险费高低",
            "B": " 风险发生的可能性",
            "C": " 暴露在风险下的金额",
            "D": " 风险是一个什么事件"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "893.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "894",
        "question": "894.你将要开始一个项目的风险识别工作，你应该最依赖于：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目章程",
            "B": " 项目范围说明书",
            "C": " 《项目管理技术》杂志上的文章",
            "D": " 以前类似项目的风险情况档案"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "894.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "895",
        "question": "895.通过采用头脑风暴法，项目团队确定出一份可能影响项目风险清单之后，根据风险的概率及其影响，确定出前五个风险。该团队目前处于风险管理计划的哪个阶段？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 定性风险分析",
            "B": " 定量风险分析",
            "C": " 风险识别",
            "D": " 风险减轻计划"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "895.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "896",
        "question": "896.在下列哪那个阶段中，项目存在最大的风险和不确定性？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 开发/执行阶段",
            "B": " 启动/概念形成阶段",
            "C": " 实施阶段",
            "D": " 收尾阶段"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "896.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "897",
        "question": "897.一个50亿美元的大型土木工程，计划采用国际竞争性招标的方式来选择施工承包商。项目业主在招标文件中要求承包商必须组成联合体（至少有两家承包商参加.才有资格投标。满足业主的这种要求，意味着承包商采取了以下那种风险管理策略？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 风险回避",
            "B": " 风险转移",
            "C": " 风险减轻",
            "D": " 风险接受"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "897.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "898",
        "question": "898.项目经理必须做出一项决策，决定是投资$1.2亿开发新产品还是投资$5000万升级已存在的产品。对于每一个决策，都必须考虑需求。需求强劲的话会为新产品带来$2亿的收入，但只能为升级产品带来的$1.2亿的收入。需求较弱时会为新产品带来$9000万的收入，但只能为升级产品带来$6000万的收入。新产品以及更新产品拥有强劲需求的概率为0.6，而拥有较弱需求的概率为0.4。 下列哪一项属于决策的总体预期货币价值，而且项目经理的推荐决策又会是什么呢？",
        "options": {
            "A": " $3600万元，决定投资新产品",
            "B": " $4000万元，决定投资新产品",
            "C": " $4600万元，决定投资升级产品",
            "D": " $6400万元，决定投资升级产品"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "898.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "899",
        "question": "899.某工程项目进行了施工承包商的招标，共有10家承包商投标。评标工作结束时，招标人决定不接受任何一家的投标。为此，投标价最低的3家承包商想要联名起诉招标方，要求招标方必须接受一家投标。作为一名建筑业律师，你可以给他们什么建议？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 应该起诉招标方，因为招标工作不严肃",
            "B": " 招标文件是要约，对招标方有法律约束力",
            "C": " 不要起诉招标方，因为他有不接受任何投标的权利",
            "D": " 如果起诉，自己的投标保证金会被业主没收"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "899.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "900",
        "question": "900.你与某人签订了一个小项目的工作合同。项目正处于实施阶段。这时，对方发现，由于情况变化，合同的某些条款变得对他极为不利。他已不打算履行这些合同条款，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 告诉他合同的所有条款都必须履行",
            "B": " 如果他不履行这些条款，你就以不履行其他条款来对抗",
            "C": " 双方可以讨论修改合同",
            "D": " 合同一旦签订，就不能变更"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "900.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "901",
        "question": "901.在以下哪种合同下，你最关心合同工作内容的增加？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 总价合同",
            "B": " 成本加固定费用合同",
            "C": " 工料合同",
            "D": " 成本加激励费用合同"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "901.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "902",
        "question": "902.某土建施工项目的承包商需要从A城市的一个工厂采购某些重要材料。不巧，A城市该工厂所在行业的工人举行为期一周的大罢工，使这些材料不能按时交付并运到项目现场。这些材料的延误会引起整个项目的延误，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 允许承包商延长项目的完工时间，但不给与承包商经济补偿",
            "B": " 要求承包商按原定时间完工，并且不给与任何费用补偿",
            "C": " 允许承包商延长项目的完工时间，并且给与承包商相应的经济补偿",
            "D": " 告诉承包商他已经严重违约了"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "902.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "903",
        "question": "903.你的项目执行在成本报销合同下进入采购收尾过程。买方应该记得做什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": "降低项目风险等级",
            "B": "审计卖方成本单据",
            "C": "评估费用已经被支付",
            "D": "确认卖方没有增加资源"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "903.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "904",
        "question": "904.某项目经理正在负责的项目中有部分建筑的工作，而建筑并非公司的长项。他的团队有能力创建一个详细的SOW 和如果不能满足SOW 中可交付成果时的惩罚条款。他正在考虑选择什么样的合同最合适。下面哪项合同类型最适合此种情况：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 固定总价",
            "B": " 成本加固定费用",
            "C": " 成本加奖励费用",
            "D": " 时间材料合同"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "904.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "905",
        "question": "905.采购审计已经结束，合同收尾也已完成。作为合同收尾的组成部分，项目经理应该利用下列哪一项工具来管理合同文件？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 利用记录管理系统来存档合同文件",
            "B": " 利用PMIS来更新组织过程资产",
            "C": " 利用互联网来发布文件",
            "D": " 利用采购文档，这是一整套索引化的合同。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "905.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "906",
        "question": "906.在某种特定合同下，确定有可列支成本作为供应商的补偿。供应商已获得$102,000的支付款项。其中$80,000为实际成本。合同原始成本估算为$90,000，$20,000作为奖励酬金。对于实现成本节约，供应商获得其中的20%。这属于下列哪一个合同类型？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 固定总价加奖励费用合同",
            "B": " 成本加固定费用合同",
            "C": " 可按经济指数价格调整的固定总价合同",
            "D": " 成本加激励费用合同"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "906.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "907",
        "question": "907.一个项目被分为四个阶段。项目的第二阶段进度延误15%。在执行项目的下一个阶段前，项目经理分析了进度延误的根本原因，发现是由于供应商供应的其中一个关键性部件有缺陷而必须更换。供应商已经按照合同条款受到处罚。在进入下一阶段前，项目经理应该采取下列哪项措施？",
        "options": {
            "B": "将供应商的绩效告知高级管理层。",
            "C": "将供应商的名称添加到该项特定项目部分的风险登记册中。",
            "D": "通知供应商应该避免犯同样的错误。"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "907.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "908",
        "question": "908.如何才能实现采购结束时未决问题的公平解决？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 谴责",
            "B": " 仲裁",
            "C": " 诉讼",
            "D": " 谈判"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "908.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "909",
        "question": "909.下列哪一项属于结束采购过程的工具和技术？",
        "options": {
            "B": "绩效报告",
            "C": "合同变更控制系统",
            "D": "协商解决"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "909.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "910",
        "question": "910.某施工合同规定，承包商可以免费使用A场地堆放施工材料。但是，当承包商运送施工材料进入该场地时，却遭到了公司保安人员的阻止，未能顺利进入。作为项目经理，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 告诉承包商不要使用这个场地",
            "B": " 预计将收到承包商的索赔",
            "C": " 签发变更令变更合同",
            "D": " 用另外一个场地来替代A场地"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "910.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "911",
        "question": "911.合同终止是指：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 合同工作成功完成后的合同关门",
            "B": " 合同工作没有完成情况下，双方协商终止合同",
            "C": " 合同一方不与对方商量，而单方面停止执行合同",
            "D": " 根据合同双方的约定，合同关门"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "911.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "912",
        "question": "912.项目经理打算向供货商采购服务。服务范围具有清晰定义。但是，项目经理希望在后续阶段服务范围的变更较小。项目经理应该采用下列哪一项合同类型？",
        "options": {
            "B": "工料合同",
            "C": "成本加激励酬金合同",
            "D": "成本加奖励费合同"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "912.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "913",
        "question": "913.在固定总价合同中，承包商的利润是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 按每次付款金额的某一比例计算的",
            "B": " 不知道的",
            "C": " 项目结束时由合同双方一起商量的",
            "D": " 随合同工作量的变化而变化的"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "913.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "914",
        "question": "914.实施采购属于下列哪个过程组？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 启动",
            "B": " 规划",
            "C": " 执行",
            "D": " 监控"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "914.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "915",
        "question": "915.项目经理向外部供应签发RFP，并组织召开投标人会议，投标人会议的优势是什么？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 所有投标人将提前彼此了解",
            "B": " 项目经理将会知道所有潜在投标人及其投标意愿",
            "C": " 建立共识，并修正采购文件",
            "D": " 节省项目经理的时间和加快投标过程"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "915.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "916",
        "question": "916.为了识别和分析项目干系人，项目经理制定了干系人管理策略。完成初稿后，项目经理应该知道如何处理干系人分析？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 查看项目团队是否具有应添加到该策略的详细内容。",
            "B": " 与项目发起人一同查看，寻求他们对于该策略的批准。",
            "C": " 检查计划是否完整，并将其作为每周状态报告的组成部分分发给关键干系人。",
            "D": " 检查信息是否正确，在与干系人分享之前，过滤出敏感信息。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "916.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "917",
        "question": "917.项目经理正在制定项目干系人管理战略。项目经理发现其中一名项目干系人的行为可能会对项目成果产生不利影响。项目经理将详细信息包含进项目干系人管理战略中，但是又觉得该信息可能太过敏感，不适合记录进去。在这种情况下，项目经理应该采取下列哪一项措施？",
        "options": {
            "B": "即使该信息非常敏感，但是还是将其包含并记录在项目干系人管理战略中。",
            "C": "该项目干系人排除在分析之外。",
            "D": "与项目干系人谈话，并表达对其行为所存在的顾虑。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "917.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "918",
        "question": "918.在团队会议中，项目的总设计师反对在农业用地附近建造工厂。下列哪一项活动可以避免这种情况发生？",
        "options": {
            "B": "项目干系人管理战略",
            "C": "与总设计师召开一对一会议",
            "D": "信息发布"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "918.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "919",
        "question": "919.项目经理负责项目干系人的期望管理。项目经理利用下列哪一项来赢得项目干系人对项目的积极支持？ ",
        "options": {
            "A": " 干系人管理计划",
            "B": " 减轻计划",
            "C": " 执行计划",
            "D": " 风险管理计划"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "919.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "920",
        "question": "920.在向项目干系人提交项目管理计划时，项目经理注意到其中一名几乎没有组织权力的干系人表现出不感兴趣，项目经理应使用什么方法来管理该干系人。",
        "options": {
            "A": " 监督该干系人",
            "B": " 密切管理该干系人",
            "C": " 保持让该干系人满意",
            "D": " 保持让该干系人获得通知"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "920.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "921",
        "question": "921.理解并管理项目干系人的期望十分重要。下列哪一项有助于促进沟通并确保对有可能造成项目不能满足项目目标的风险产生共识？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 问题登记簿",
            "B": " 沟通管理计划",
            "C": " 工作说明书",
            "D": " 期望管理矩阵"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "921.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "922",
        "question": "922.作为符合项目利害关系者期望一个步骤，项目经理应该怎么做？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 确定项目利害关系着及其角色、利益，以及与其他项目利害关系者的关系。",
            "B": " 获得项目利害关系者对沟通计划的批准。",
            "C": " 与项目利害关系者每月召开进度更新会议。",
            "D": " 与项目利害关系者沟通他们应该期望什么。"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "922.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "923",
        "question": "923.项目接近完工，团队成员向项目经理报告一个会影响项目完工的问题，每周的状态报告将在第二天发送给主要的干系人，项目经理下一步应该如何做？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 更新问题日志，通知发起人并使用问题升级流程，向干系人报告项目可能延迟。",
            "B": " 在下一次项目周报中通知干系人，与他们讨论可能的解决方案，并编制风险减轻计划。",
            "C": " 核实这个问题是否包括在风险管理计划中，如果没有包含在内，则将其纳入管理计划并编制风险减轻计划。",
            "D": " 更新问题日志，将可以帮助解决问题的责任方包含在内。并与干系人就此问题进行沟通。"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "923.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "924",
        "question": "924.由于干系人进度制约条件，项目发起人要求项目经理放弃项目启动大会。下列哪一个项目管理过程被忽视了？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 管理干系人参与",
            "B": " 规划沟通",
            "C": " 管理项目团队",
            "D": " 确定干系人"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "924.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "925",
        "question": "925.下列哪项总是项目干系人？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 一个不希望项目完成的人",
            "B": " 将使用项目产品的装配线上的工人",
            "C": " 工程设计部门的职能经理",
            "D": "一个可能因为项目而失去在公司中职位的人"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "925.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "926",
        "question": "926.在哪些项目管理过程识别项目干系人？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 启动、规划、执行、监控和收尾过程",
            "B": " 启动和规划过程",
            "C": " 规划和监控过程",
            "D": " 监控和收尾过程"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "926.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "927",
        "question": "927.项目组合评审委员会审查公司项目状况，公司的总经理通知项目经理说其正负责的项目要结束，而关键干系人说不能接受。项目的关键干系人之间产生了较大分歧并出现了激化的倾向，为了不至于影响到公司主要干系人之间的和谐，董事会主席为平息争议决定举行一次会议。项目经理需要准备一份材料向公司董事会汇报，项目经理需要准备：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 绩效报告",
            "B": " 范围说明书",
            "C": " 经验教训",
            "D": " 项目管理计划"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "927.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "928",
        "question": "928.在测试一个部件时，你发现有一个指标比项目质量标准中的规定值略低一些。你认为项目质量标准中的要求太严格了，这个部件的情况不会影响整个项目的质量。你甚至还想要修改质量标准中的这个指标值。你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 立即修改质量标准",
            "B": " 在项目报告中如实记录质量指标值的偏差",
            "C": " 在项目报告中把实际指标值加高一些，以达到最低规定的要求。",
            "D": " 告诉所有团队成员隐瞒这个偏差情况"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "928.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "929",
        "question": "929.某医疗保险机构有5万参保人员。一个药品销售商找到该机构的负责人，索取所有参保人员的个人资料，以便向它们发送促销信息。保险机构的负责人应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 免费向药品销售商提供这些资料",
            "B": " 有偿地向药品销售商提供这些资料",
            "C": " 拒绝提供这些资料",
            "D": " 提供这些资料，但要求药品销售商严格保密"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "929.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "930",
        "question": "930.与某项目发起人大过多年交道的一个人告诉你，该发起人总是会对报上来的项目预算砍1/3。你的项目正在采用自下而上的方法编制项目预算，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 在计算出成本的真实数值之后，再增加1/3",
            "B": " 坚持按真实的成本预测数值上报预算",
            "C": " 召集团队开会来决定该怎么上报预算",
            "D": " 询问发起人为什么要这样做"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "930.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "931",
        "question": "931.分解是一种即可用于范围定义，又可用于活动定义的技术。与范围定义中的分解相比较，以下哪一项最恰当地描述了分解在活动定义中所承担的角色？",
        "options": {
            "A": "以工作分解结构（WBS.中工作包的形式描述最终输出",
            "B": "将最终输出描述为可交付成果或具体的工作项",
            "C": "将最终输出描述为活动步骤",
            "D": "分解在范围定义与活动定义中的使用方法相同"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "931.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "932",
        "question": "932.工作分解结构（WBS.应该用于风险识别的过程，这是因为它：",
        "options": {
            "A": "确认所有必须被完成的工作，因此，它有助于识别潜在的风险来源",
            "B": "确认所有必须被完成的工作，因此，它包括了项目中所有的风险",
            "C": "有助于将项目中所有必须完成的工作组织起来",
            "D": "确认工作包，这样就能够分配具体的职责"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "932.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "933",
        "question": "933.你是一个大型项目的项目经理，你的核心团队包括8位高级雇员，他们都是各自领域的技术专家。团队成员都是一些富于创造力的人，他们喜欢按着自己的意愿完成任务，而无视这些任务在项目进度计划中出现的先后顺序。你很担心这种非正式的做事方法会非常有害，特别是涉及到项目进度的制约、多界面以及外部依赖关系时。因此，你召开了一个团队会议，来讨论需要遵循的程序，以确保工作能够及时地、按照正确的顺序完成。在这次会议中，你定下了一个：",
        "options": {
            "A": "进度管理计划",
            "B": "工作授权系统",
            "C": "变更控制系统",
            "D": "项目管理信息系统"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "933.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "934",
        "question": "934.在最近的一次项目现状审查会议上，某个团队成员总是对其他人横加批评，好像总想要贬低其他人在团队中的地位。这个人扮演了以下哪一个破坏性的团队角色?",
        "options": {
            "A": "想得到别人认可的人",
            "B": "阻碍者",
            "C": "进攻者",
            "D": "支配者"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "934.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "935",
        "question": "935.上个月，你的客户在那个电子游戏项目的需求定义文件与范围说明上签了字。今天，她要求对项目的范围进行变更。她想把它做成一个能够在电视与个人电脑上玩的互动式游戏。这样的范围变更至少会：",
        "options": {
            "A": "更改双方已商定的、已在工作分解结构（WBS.中定义好了的项目范围",
            "B": "导致所有项目基准计划的变更",
            "C": "要求对成本、时间、质量以及其他目标进行调整",
            "D": "产生一个应吸取的教训"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "935.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "936",
        "question": "936.项目是运用目标管理这一技术的一个理想环境，这是因为：",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目管理涉及到设定组织目标",
            "B": "项目通常是通过一个矩阵管理环境进行管理的",
            "C": "项目经理的职责是根据公司的目标来定义的",
            "D": "所有的项目都应该绝对以目标为导向"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "936.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "937",
        "question": "937.你的客户已正式接受了你的项目。你的下一步应该是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "将接收文件分发给其他相关的项目干系人",
            "B": "将接收文件归入项目档案",
            "C": "与你的同事一起把应吸取的教训记录下来",
            "D": "进行项目审计"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "937.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "938",
        "question": "938.你是一家建筑公司的项目经理，你们公司专门建造豪华型狗窝。你们公司建造3种不同类型的狗窝。经过了一段时间以后，你们制定了标准的工作分解结构（WBS.与范围变更控制系统。大部分狗窝都是按照计划建造的。但是，在你最近的一个项目中，一个小狗主人想要你在铺设地基的时候使用一种不同的材料。他的小狗“菲多”好像睡在混凝土上会发疹子。虽然这构成了一个范围变更，但是事实证明这种新材料将实际建筑时间缩短了20%。项目结束时，你意识到继续使用这种材料会很大程度地改进你的建筑操作。你的下一步应该是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "把应吸取的教训记录下来，并在公司内部传阅",
            "B": "调整进度基准计划以显现时间上的节省",
            "C": "根据进度缩短的情况，计算节省下来多少钱，然后把这些钱还给小狗的主人",
            "D": "颁布一个新方法，并规定要使用这种新方法"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "938.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "939",
        "question": "939.你正在按照合同位某个汽车公司的某个产品开发项目工作，开发一辆“新千年的Yugo”。最初，产品被定义为“先进的个人交通工具”。后来，该产品被定义为“不需要用汽油的先进的个人交通工具”。 最后，经过设计工程师一整夜的热烈切磋，该产品被定义为“不需要用汽油的、低于15000美元的、不会发出噪音的、先进的个人交通工具”。这是逐步完善产品特征的一个例子。但是，虽然产品特征是被逐步完善的，但是我们必须要仔细地把这些产品特征与_________协调起来.",
        "options": {
            "A": "正确的项目范围定义",
            "B": "项目的项目干系人",
            "C": "范围变更控制系统",
            "D": "客户的战略计划"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "939.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "940",
        "question": "940.你负责一个在整个组织内开设的项目管理培训课程。在这种情况下，你的无形业绩是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "能够把培训内容有效地运用到实践中去的雇员",
            "B": "为每一个课程准备的培训资料",
            "C": "为完成课程的每一个人颁发的结业证书",
            "D": "在你的广告目录中加上培训的经历"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "940.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "941",
        "question": "941.以下哪一种计算方法不能被用来确定完工估算（EAC:?",
        "options": {
            "A": "最新挣值（EV.加上剩余项目预算",
            "B": "最新实际成本（AC",
            "C": "最新实际成本（AC",
            "D": "最新实际成本（AC"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "941.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "942",
        "question": "942.结束了整整一天的艰难工作之后，你们公司的首席执行官在附近的停车场里开着车绕着值班亭打转，可就是找不到开出那栋大厦的路（开他那辆豪华车的司机这天正好休假)第二天，他找到大厦的经理，说是想要让他的职员为车辆的进出设计一个更好的系统。你就是这个项目的项目经理。你决定使用流程图来：",
        "options": {
            "A": "帮助分析问题是如何产生的",
            "B": "显示任务之间的依赖项",
            "C": "显示一个过程的结果",
            "D": "预测未来的结果"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "942.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "943",
        "question": "943.一个项目的文化会在诸多周期阶段对项目的成功产生重大影响。你是一个跨过项目的经理，你的团队成员拥有多种文化背景，因此，你应该在项目的进展过程中营造一种能使团队的工作成绩最大化的氛围。虽然大部分人都是站在自己文化的立场上审视其他文化的价值观，但是项目的文化重心会在不同的周期阶段有所变化。在收尾阶段，首要的中心是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "参与",
            "B": "竞争",
            "C": "强调信息传递",
            "D": "合作"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "943.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "944",
        "question": "944.修改项目进度基准计划应慎重，这是因为：",
        "options": {
            "A": "修订必须要得到管理层的批准",
            "B": "项目进度的历史数据会被遗失",
            "C": "必须进行根源分析",
            "D": "对于在后面的进度中所描述的活动，不能对其进度恢复做出计划编制"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "944.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "945",
        "question": "945.你所在的公司希尔特奈特是一家著名的营养食品经销商，你们的产品生产周期短，而且不受法律限制。管理层想要开拓新市场并开发新产品，以增加收益。你正领导着一个团队你所在的公司希尔特奈特是一家著名的营养食品经销商，你们的产品生产周期短，而且不受法律限制。管理层想要开拓新市场并开发新产品，以增加收益。你正领导着一个团队来确认潜在的产品。由于你在信息技术方面的背景与兴趣，你建议开发无线通讯产品。但是，当你把这个想法提交上去审核的时候，高级管理层告诉你这个产品与组织的核心能力不相符合。你还得考虑推荐其他的产品，这时，你需要把管理层的指导方针作为______来使用。",
        "options": {
            "A": "假设",
            "B": "约束",
            "C": "规范",
            "D": "技术要求"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "945.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "946",
        "question": "946.有些人相信，要进行有效的对话，对话双方之间就必须要保持20英寸的距离（即51厘米)但是，在某些文化群体中，对话双方距离的正常范围是14英寸~15英寸（即36厘米~38厘米.；而另一些群体则认为理想的距离应该是9英寸~10英寸（即23厘米~25厘米)在有些文化群体中，人们可能会在谈判的时候把门敞开；而有些文化群体的人则可能喜欢把门关上。有些人觉得在他们与对方之间应该隔着一张办公桌。在跨文化沟通的过程中，这种非语言的沟通非常重要。这被称做：",
        "options": {
            "A": "空间关系学",
            "B": "人际空间动力学",
            "C": "姿态学",
            "D": "语言学"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "946.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "947",
        "question": "947.假设你和你们公司的首席执行官是邻居，而你们之间已建立了友好的个人关系。你的同事与合伙人并不知道有这么一回事。最近，公司将你任命为一个新项目的项目经理，这个新项目对公司是否能完成下一年度的财政目标至关重要。你能够依赖以下哪一种项目经理可以使用的权力？",
        "options": {
            "A": "指示性权力",
            "B": "奖励权力",
            "C": "正式权力",
            "D": "专家权力"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "947.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "948",
        "question": "948.作为项目经理，你意识到团队建设对项目的成功至关重要。因此，你打算对你们团队运行的技术环境进行审查。这些信息可以在______中找到。",
        "options": {
            "A": "团队章程",
            "B": "项目计划",
            "C": "人员配置管理计划",
            "D": "组织的政策与指导方针"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "948.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "949",
        "question": "949.在与客户打交道的时候，项目经理应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": "以诚相待，只有这样，项目组织才会免遭投诉",
            "B": "努力建立一种友好、诚信以及坦率的关系",
            "C": "鼓励客户扩大项目范围，以使利润最大化",
            "D": "做任何能够使客户满意并赢得更多业务的事情"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "949.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "950",
        "question": "950.规避指的是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "未经计划的、对消极风险事件的应对",
            "B": "在意外事件发生时遵循的行动计划",
            "C": "根据风险管理计划中的描述，在某种风险发生时作出的具体应对",
            "D": "一种积极主动的、经计划的风险应对方法"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "950.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "951",
        "question": "951.历史信息用于：",
        "options": {
            "A": "把当前的绩效与未来可能会发生的教训进行比较",
            "B": "制定项目干系人管理计划",
            "C": "对未来团队成员的技能与能力进行评估",
            "D": "作为项目启动的一个输入"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "951.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "952",
        "question": "952.一家设计公司的总裁要求其雇用的建筑师向某个建筑承包商的项目管理团队解释设计网格球顶的考虑因素。建筑师并没有参与这个建筑公司的当前项目，但是，建筑公司的业务是那个设计公司总裁的姐夫。这个例子表明：",
        "options": {
            "A": "组织界面、技术界面与人际关系界面经常会在项目中同时发生",
            "B": "项目经理应该根据指令链进行沟通",
            "C": "建筑师的参与是组织计划编制中的一个限制条件",
            "D": "你应该永远按照老板的指令做事"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "952.答案:A"
    },
    {
        "id": "953",
        "question": "953.你正在管理一个建筑项目，建造一个新的城市供水系统。合同要求你使用一种特殊的、保证不会腐烂的钛管道系统设备。合同还要求你用氪石螺钉来连接管道系统。因为氪石的质量密度是其重量的16倍，所以在安装螺钉前，必须将管子在地面上放置整整10天。在这个例子中，10天的时间段被定义为：",
        "options": {
            "A": "滞后时间",
            "B": "领先时间",
            "C": "浮动时间",
            "D": "时差"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "953.答案:A"
    },
    {
        "id": "954",
        "question": "954.马斯洛开发了一个模型，以解释在个人的整个生命发展周期中，动机过程是如何与人类的需求变化联系起来的。这一模型有5个层次。责任感、成就感以及能力感是哪一个层次的要求？",
        "options": {
            "A": "自我实现",
            "B": "社会",
            "C": "自尊",
            "D": "生理"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "954.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "955",
        "question": "955.团队建设基于：",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目的组织结构",
            "B": "提供给项目团队的培训",
            "C": "每一个团队成员的个人发展",
            "D": "项目组织所具有的合作、坦诚沟通，以及相互信任的氛围 "
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "955.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "956",
        "question": "956.你计划发包一个合同来为你们公司提供项目管理培训。你认为一个重要的考虑因素时，任何一个备选的承包商都要与颁发项目管理专业硕士文凭的重点大学有关系。这是____ 的实例。",
        "options": {
            "A": "建立一个独立的评估标准",
            "B": "制定你的工作说明的要求",
            "C": "建立一个权衡系统",
            "D": "建立一个甄别系统"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "956.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "957",
        "question": "957.你正领导一个项目团队开发一种植入组织，这种植入组织用离子化的质子撞击人的前额皮层并产生一种精神上的感觉。由于这是一个技术上非常复杂的项目，所以你要跟踪与管理许多成本。这些成本包括直接成本与间接（企业一般管理.成本。你发现管理企业的一般管理成本特别困难，这是因为它们：",
        "options": {
            "A": "是在诸多项目的基础上进行分摊处理的",
            "B": "仅指直接劳动力成本",
            "C": "仅指项目所需的设备与材料",
            "D": "通常不在项目经理的掌握之中"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "957.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "958",
        "question": "958.当一个过程被认为正处于控制之中时，这个过程：",
        "options": {
            "A": "不应该被调整",
            "B": "可能不会为了改进而被更改",
            "C": "表明了由预期事件或正常原因引起的差异",
            "D": "不应该因任何理由而被检测或返工"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "958.答案:A"
    },
    {
        "id": "959",
        "question": "959.管理储备用于：",
        "options": {
            "A": "在项目初期识别出来的风险",
            "B": "在项目初期没能识别出来，但是在其发生之前已知晓的风险",
            "C": "不能在其发生之前知晓的风险，因为它们是外部风险",
            "D": "不能在其发生之前知晓的任何风险"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "959.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "960",
        "question": "960.项目档案是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目产品的文件记录",
            "B": "项目中应吸取的教训",
            "C": "一套完整的、标有索引的项目记录",
            "D": "只对组织中最重要、最复杂的项目进行项目归档 "
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "960.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "961",
        "question": "961.客户将你的项目范围扩大了65%。这使得你的成本评估增加了4倍。现在，你必须在已批准的项目进度计划中更改已设定的开始日期与结束日期。你要采取的第一个步骤应该是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "为进度重新编制基准计划",
            "B": "修改合同",
            "C": "使用新的目标进度",
            "D": "增加资源"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "961.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "962",
        "question": "962.因为你的项目团队成员在大楼中的不同区域工作，所以他们抱怨一点都没感觉到自己是在一个团队中工作。为了改变这种状况，你开发了一个项目标识，并把这个标识印在T恤衫上，希望能对项目有所推动，但这一招没有起作用。你的下一个步骤会是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "开始发行通讯刊物",
            "B": "为项目创造一种神秘感",
            "C": "设立一个项目“战事室”",
            "D": "颁布一些基本原则，规定团队成员应该如何与其他项目干系人进行交流"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "962.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "963",
        "question": "963.你收到副总裁急急忙忙打来的电话。她告诉你她将在15分钟后会见一位未来的客户，讨论一个复杂的大型网络公司项目。她让你在30秒内大概地考虑一下项目的成本将会是多少。你很快地想了想一些类似的以往项目，一些不可预知的因素，然后报给她一个数字。你刚才提供的是哪一种估算？",
        "options": {
            "A": "确定性的",
            "B": "预算",
            "C": "数量级",
            "D": "详细级"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "963.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "964",
        "question": "964.元信息传递、辅助语言学、第二级信息以及沟通的隐含因素，这些都是指：",
        "options": {
            "A": "沟通的技能",
            "B": "沟通的要求",
            "C": "实施宽容与妥协的方法",
            "D": "非语言的沟通"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "964.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "965",
        "question": "965.你正管理着一个国际咨询团队，，为把箭鱼加工成冰冻鱼干的过程制作一套综合性的规则。你经常与渔业代表一起参加一些专业会议和科学会议，以了解最新的鱼肉加工做法与方法以保护消费者。在最近的一次会议中，一位制造商给了你一些市场营销方面的资料，其中包括一份购买熏鲅鱼的优惠券，凭着这份优惠券，你可以在该制造商的任何鱼产品店享受一年的优惠。虽然熏鲅鱼是你最喜爱的食品之一，但是你现在一直在为是否应该把优惠券还给那个制造商而进行思想斗争。在这种情况下，你可能应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": "拒绝接受这份礼物，因为这可能会被诠释为中饱私囊",
            "B": "弄清制造商是否给与会的每一个人都提供了这份优惠券，如果是的话，就接受",
            "C": "接受这份礼物，然后，当你回到工作岗位时，把这件事告诉你的项目赞助商",
            "D": "接受这份礼物，即使这种做法不符合国际会议举办国的风俗 "
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "965.答案:A"
    },
    {
        "id": "966",
        "question": "966.你是一个新系统项目的项目经理。管理层希望你的项目能够取得较高的成本收益比。虽然你想要花时间与金钱来开发一些能够提高项目长期价值的功能，但是你的一个主要编程服务供应商雇用了高级人员，因而其成本比其他供应商都要高。当你与项目干系人一起工作时，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": "把项目干系人归入不同的组别，这样的话，就更容易识别他们",
            "B": "积极主动地减少那些可能会对项目产生不利影响的项目干系人活动",
            "C": "注意到这样的事实：项目干系人通常会有彼此不同的目标，因此对项目干系人的管理变得非常困难",
            "D": "认识到角色与职责有可能会重叠"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "966.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "967",
        "question": "967.一个汽车设计团队应该熟悉最新的汽车装配技术。团队可以通过许多方法来获得这方面的知识：可以雇用一位全职的课题专家，可以雇用一位顾问，可以派一位现有的设计工程师参加有关机器人技术的研讨会，还可以把制造部门的某些人员引进团队。每一种方法的相关成本必须包括在项目计划之中。这个例子表明了______的重要性。",
        "options": {
            "A": "在定义活动之前，先要完成资源计划编制",
            "B": "确保制定一个资源分配矩阵，并将其当做一个控制工具来使用",
            "C": "使资源计划编制与成本估算紧密协调起来",
            "D": "将资源计划作为挣值的一个输入"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "967.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "968",
        "question": "968.以下哪种组织中，项目最不受到关注？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 平衡式矩阵",
            "B": " 强矩阵",
            "C": " 协调者",
            "D": " 职能型"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "968.答案:B"
    },
    {
        "id": "969",
        "question": "969.项目计划编制方法是指导项目团队制定项目计划的结构化方法。你正在位公司开发一个项目计划编制方法，你想让这个方法既包括“硬”工具又包括“软”工具。以下哪一项是“软”工具的实例？",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目管理软件",
            "B": "一个持续的改进目标",
            "C": "简短的启动会议",
            "D": "成本会计代码"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "969.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "970",
        "question": "970.你的质量保证部门最近对你的项目实施了一次质量审计，他们发现了许多问题并提出了许多建议。其中的一项建议似乎非常关键而且应该加以实施，因为这项建议会对产品是否能成功地交付给客户产生影响。如果不把建议付诸实施，产品就不能达到要求。你的下一步措施应该是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "召开项目团队会议，确认由谁来负责解决这个问题",
            "B": "重新分派那个应对这个问题的疏忽负责的团队成员",
            "C": "立即对产品进行返工",
            "D": "提交变更申请以实施所需的修正措施 "
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "970.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "971",
        "question": "971.无论是在弱矩阵组织结构中，还是在强矩阵组织结构中，导致冲突的首要原因都是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 沟通障碍",
            "B": "相互冲突的利益",
            "C": "需要达成一致意见",
            "D": "权限不清"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "971.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "972",
        "question": "972.你是你们公司投产的一个新产品的项目经理。你意识到，要想让项目获得成功，你的团队就必须具有：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 一套有关产品的适用的技能与知识",
            "B": "较高层次的人员来帮助这个新项目中较低层次的团队成员",
            "C": "一个自动化的项目管理信息系统",
            "D": "定期的现状回顾会议"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "972.答案:A"
    },
    {
        "id": "973",
        "question": "973.你为一家著名的便服与西装生产商工作。你正在管理这样一个项目：重新设计零售店的布局，以提高客户流量与效率。许多项目工作必须在现场完成，而且需要店员的积极配合。许多店员是某个非常有影响力的协会的终身会员，那个协会因领导劳工闹事而著名。你的进度计划的一个重要组成部分必须是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "资源能力矩阵",
            "B": "缓冲措施与应急储备",
            "C": "资源日历",
            "D": "资源柱状图"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "973.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "974",
        "question": "974.你是一个团队的成员，你的团队正在为你们公司新的无线录音机生产线制定一份项目计划。在制定计划的过程中，团队审查了诸多工作项目。你们在制定计划的诸多要素时，应该考虑到项目计划制订中的一些约束条件。以下哪一项是约束条件的实例？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 以往绩效的记录",
            "B": "来自于类似项目的财务报告",
            "C": "事先确定的预算",
            "D": "从以往项目中吸取的教训"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "974.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "975",
        "question": "975.你被安排出国对一个大型的通信项目进行谈判。到达酒店以后你收到一封邀请函，邀请你与谈判对手共进晚餐。吃饭的时候，你们主要谈一些无关紧要的话题，极少提及业务上的事。主人问了你许多有关家庭、兴趣方面的问题，还问你有没有亲戚或朋友住在他们国家。他们还想了解你的许多个人背景，例如，你所受的教育、专长，以及还有哪些公司与你有业务上的往来。他们以非常礼貌的方式向你提问，但是，你不知道他们到底想从你这儿得到什么。第二天早上，当你到达时，主人非常热情地和你打招呼。尽管你已经准备好开始谈判，但是，在大家谈及业务之前，还是花了至少30分钟的时间讨论家庭与周末探险。考虑到他们这样一种工作方式，主人的文化应该是以下哪一种特点而著名？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 高度重视背景",
            "B": "不太重视背景",
            "C": "友好",
            "D": "感情丰富"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "975.答案:A"
    },
    {
        "id": "976",
        "question": "976.某人估算下班回家很可能会需要1小时。当进一步追问她时，她估算在路面交通状况最好的情况下走这段路程可能只需要45分钟的时间，而在路面交通状况最差的情况下可能需要长达1小时45分钟的时间。根据这些估算，我们可以得到的标准偏差是多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 10分钟",
            "B": "15分钟",
            "C": "50分钟",
            "D": "60分钟"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "976.答案:A"
    },
    {
        "id": "977",
        "question": "977.为了减轻项目团队成员日益增强的压力，你决定在每一次项目现状会议中安排动力瑜伽训练。你需要雇用某个人来进行这些培训。根据组织的项目管理方法，转包合同部门会通知你在开始采购前，你必须制定以下哪一份文件？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 工作说明",
            "B": "采购管理计划",
            "C": "评估方法",
            "D": "合同条款与条件"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "977.答案:B"
    },
    {
        "id": "978",
        "question": "978.你正在进行一项复杂的采购工作。在签订合同之前，你必须与卖方就诸多条款达成协议，这些条款包括职责与权力、适用的条款与条件、合同的贷款、技术与业务管理方法以及价格。你安排了一次谈判会议。卖方将派8名代表参加会议，你将派出10名代表。因为这次采购实在它复杂了，所以合同谈判应该_____ 来操作？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 通过一个外部联络员",
            "B": "通过解决争议的备选方案程序",
            "C": "作为一个具有特定输入与输出的独立的过程",
            "D": "通过与卖方达成一个合伙协议"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "978.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "979",
        "question": "979.你是一个州政府机构的承包商。你们公司最近为州政府完成了一个水资源管理项目，并且在今天收到了最后结算单的应付款。采购审计已经进行过了。合同已收尾的正式通知应该由谁提交给你们公司？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 州政府的项目经理",
            "B": "负责合同管理的人员",
            "C": "项目控制官员",
            "D": "项目赞助商或所有者"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "979.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "980",
        "question": "980.为了在激烈的市场竞争中生存下来，你们的网络公司正试图进入新的市场。公司正在考虑对一个由外省的交通部门发出的征求建议书（RFP.进行投标，以开发一套自动化系统用于对快要越过路上中线的司机发出警告。这是一个大型的合同，而公司也需要收入来维持其电子商务的业务。但是，公司意识到，按照政府部门的工作方式，在所提交的建议书中，通常都是本最低、又能在技术上达到要求的建议书中标。根据你对市场以及其它公司可能的投标情况的了解，你担心公司系统工程师的人工费用可能太高了。因为你是PMI成员，也因为你在项目管理方面的专长，你被指定为建议书审查团队的成员，以找到降低项目成本的方法。你应该对管理层提出以下哪一项建议？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 降低当前的人工成本，以使其与竞争对手的人工成本相似。如果中标，就从其他项目中抽出部分资金，向项目中的每一个人支付额外的费用以补偿较低的工资。",
            "B": "将当前的人工费用与价值工程方法结合起来使用，作为降低整体成本的方法。",
            "C": "将现有职员的简历放在建议书里。但计划雇用人工费用较低的新职员；如果赢得了这个项目，就使用新雇用的职员。",
            "D": "使用一个参数模型，并用定总价的方式提交一份与众不同的成本建议书。"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "980.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "981",
        "question": "981.你是人力资源部门的一名人事管理专家。你最近被指派到一个新的项目团队。团队正在为这样一个项目工作：建立一个以团队为基础的奖励与表彰系统，这个系统适用于公司所有的项目。这个项目的持续时间超过一年，并且有的团队成员至少一半时间投入在项目工作中，其他成员属于人力资源部门。项目章程应该由谁颁布？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 项目经理",
            "B": "人力资源部门的领导",
            "C": "项目以外的管理者",
            "D": "管辖人力资源部门的大型项目管理办公室（PMO.的一位成员"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "981.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "982",
        "question": "982.你想要构建一个项目，让每一个项目团队成员都有一个独自完成的工作包。工作包指的是一个：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 位于工作分解结构（WBS.的最低层次的可交付成果",
            "B": "具有一个独特标识的任务",
            "C": "所需的汇报层次",
            "D": "可以被分派给一个以上组织单元的任务"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "982.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "983",
        "question": "983.你正管理着一个团队。团队成员全部都在不同的地理区域工作，并且只有一、两次碰头的机会。项目已经进行了几个月了，而你强烈地感觉团队成员并没有把他们自己看做是一个团队或者团队在一起的一个集体。为了改善这个状况，你应该：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 确保项目团队中的每一个成员都利用电子邮件作为沟通的一种形式",
            "B": "规定团队必须遵循组织的愿景与使命",
            "C": "创建标志与结构以使分散的工作集体团结起来",
            "D": "向团队成员提供最新的沟通技术，并规定必须使用这个最新技术"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "983.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "984",
        "question": "984.你的项目团队正在设计与制造一种永久不会卡住的“智能拉链”。你建立了一个项目质量管理系统，并且正在整个项目中实施质量保证与质量控制。你发现有可能会需要返工。但是，返工这个词从来没有在你的组织中使用过。你解释说，返工：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 在特定的情况下是可以接受的",
            "B": "是一种基于质量控制测量的调整",
            "C": "是为了使工作项符合要求而采取的措施",
            "D": "不会成为一个问题，如果能较早地发现错误"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "984.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "985",
        "question": "985.W.爱德华.戴明的14个要点之一的早期论调，鼓励公司“通过在一开始就把质量融入到产品中去的方法，停止对大规模检验的依赖。”戴明指出，产品通常总是在下线时接受检验，或在某些主要阶段接受检验。有缺陷的产品要么丢弃，要么返工。这两种做法都是很浪费钱的。事实上，这两种方法意味着公司在付钱给工人，让他们制造有缺陷产品，然后再对这些有缺陷产品进行修正。戴明后来还是承认了检验的价值，并把自己的观点更正为：人们应当“理解检测的目的”。他说道，“必须要以一种专业的方法实施检验，而不是蜻蜓点水般地实施检验。”这种说法支持了PMBOK的观点，PMBOK指出，检验可以用来确定结果是否与要求相符。检验还可以被称做：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 控制测试",
            "B": "走查",
            "C": "统计采样",
            "D": "检查表"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "985.答案：B"
    },
    {
        "id": "986",
        "question": "986.你的技术上的团队领导已经制定了一份申请，要求对你的项目进行一个增值的变更，这将会导致项目范围的扩展。为了有助于评价变化程度，你得对任何变更所带来的影响进行评估，你规定了必须使用挣值。这种做法是_____ 的实例。",
        "options": {
            "A": " 绩效衡量技术",
            "B": "配置管理过程",
            "C": "成本会计程序",
            "D": "范围报告机制"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "986.答案：A"
    },
    {
        "id": "987",
        "question": "987.你的技术上的团队领导泰德提议了一个在成本增幅较少的情况下改进项目整体质量的措施。项目控制负责人苏哈则推荐了一个缩短项目进度但同时减少产品功能的方法。在你看来，提高质量与加快进度都是非常重大的问题。虽然你认为泰德与苏哈都能从彼此的身上学到一些东西，但是他们通常更喜欢持不同的观点。你需要一种冲突解决方法来提供一个长远的解决方案。你决定使用以下哪一种方法：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 面对问题",
            "B": "解决问题",
            "C": "合作",
            "D": "缓和"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "987.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "988",
        "question": "988.你的项目办公室的领导最近在尝试攀登珠穆朗玛峰时命丧黄泉。你成为项目办公室的新领导。因为在你们组织的项目计划和项目进度老是混淆在一起，所以你非常迫切地想要“整顿一下”。不幸的是，许多项目经理认为计划就是进度。你知道计划远远不止进度，你决定对项目计划应该包括的内容制定一些基本原则。你的基本原则规定，工作分解结构（WBS.：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 不需要包括在计划之中，因为它可以被反映在进度表中",
            "B": "应该成为范围管理计划的一部分",
            "C": "应该被确定，但仅仅是位于第二个层次",
            "D": "应该被确定，并且位于实施控制的层次"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "988.答案：D"
    },
    {
        "id": "989",
        "question": "989.沟通对于运作业务与管理项目来说至关重要，但是，当你在外国与使用不同语言的人一起工作时，沟通变得更加关键。作为外国人，成为一名有效的沟通者的唯一最好方法就是：",
        "options": {
            "A": " 学习并使用当地的语言",
            "B": "依赖翻译",
            "C": "主要强调正式的、书面的沟通",
            "D": "利用身体姿势以及其他一些非语言的沟通形式来表达你的意思"
        },
        "right": "A",
        "analysis": "989.答案:A"
    },
    {
        "id": "990",
        "question": "990.你正在与一家韩国公司合作建立合资企业以开发一个大型的电子培训程序。在与公司总裁第一次交流的过程中，你提到了自己知道几个韩国单词。总裁对于你能熟悉韩语表示既惊奇又高兴，你们之间的关系在一开始就变得相当友好。向对方表露自己知道对方的语言最好地表现了以下哪一个特征？",
        "options": {
            "A": " 自信的谦逊",
            "B": "真正的灵活性",
            "C": "积极进取的洞察力",
            "D": "夸张"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "990.答案：C"
    },
    {
        "id": "991",
        "question": "991.最需要谈判技巧的3种项目情景是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "与职能经理合作以确保获得资源来支持项目，向项目团队成员提供绩效评估，制定工作分解结构（WBS.",
            "B": "制定工作分解结构（WBS.，确定总体进度计划，管理项目变更",
            "C": "启用分包商，制定项目范围说明，在项目的进行过程中管理变更",
            "D": "从上级管理层那儿获得对项目的支持，与职能经理合作，建设项目团队"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "991.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "992",
        "question": "992.根据对你正在进行的项目的质量控制测量结果，管理层意识到必须立即对材料需求计划编制（MRP.系统实施修正措施，以预防将来可能会在其他项目中出现的问题，并尽量减少返工。为了实施所需的变更，你应该遵循：",
        "options": {
            "A": "组织的质量政策",
            "B": "质量管理计划",
            "C": "已确立的操作定义与程序",
            "D": "综合变更控制程序"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "992.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "993",
        "question": "993.你们公司的首席执行官刚刚给你发了一封电子邮件，让你就你的项目向所有以确认的内部与外部项目干系人做报告；你的项目已经开展了1个月了。他安排你在下个星期一发言。那天会有50多个人来听你的报告。在准备报告的过程中，你采取的第一个步骤是：",
        "options": {
            "A": "定义听众",
            "B": "确定目标",
            "C": "决定报告所要采用的总体形式",
            "D": "计划一个报告策略"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "993.答案:B"
    },
    {
        "id": "994",
        "question": "994.买方与卖方达成了一个固定价格加奖励费用的合同。合同的目标成本为20万美元，目标利润为3万美元，目标价格为23万美元。买方还经谈判确定最高价格为27万美元，分享比例为买方：卖方=70/30。如果卖方完成合同所花的实际成本为17万美元，那么，买方应向卖方支付多少利润？",
        "options": {
            "A": "21000美元",
            "B": "35000美元",
            "C": "31000美元",
            "D": "51000美元"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "994.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "995",
        "question": "995.大部分项目会有变化，这是因为项目通常会表现出一些对组织来讲会是独特的或不同的东西。你想尽可能地减少项目变更所带来的影响，并且想确保变更能处于你的管理控制之下。想要这样做的一个办法就是坚持执行原先已定义好的项目范围以及综合性的绩效基准计划。这可能通过以下的方式实现，除了：",
        "options": {
            "A": "否决新的变更",
            "B": "批准变更，并将变更融入修订后的基准计划",
            "C": "对基准计划的变更进行持续不断的管理",
            "D": "确保产品范围的变更能反映项目范围的变更"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "995.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "996",
        "question": "996.你的项目第一年的预算为150万美元，第二年的预算为300万美元，第三年的预算为220万美元，第四年的预算为0万美元。大部分的项目预算花费在______时期。",
        "options": {
            "A": "项目计划的制定",
            "B": "项目计划的实施",
            "C": "综合变更控制",
            "D": "项目的启动"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "996.答案:B"
    },
    {
        "id": "997",
        "question": "997.你的项目管理实践告诉你，你主要负责对实施项目活动与任务进行授权，以此来实施项目计划，并产生项目可交付成果。但是，由于你所在的组织不是一个纯粹的项目化组织，所以你不能直接参与人力资源部门的行政活动。因此，你需要：",
        "options": {
            "A": "将这些职能转包出去",
            "B": "制定一份对职责进行详细描述的项目团队章程，让人力资源部门的一位成员在上面签字",
            "C": "确保你的团队成员充分了解行政要求，以确保符合这些要求",
            "D": "让人力资源部门的领导亲自批准你的项目人员配置计划"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "997.答案:C"
    },
    {
        "id": "998",
        "question": "998.根据首席工程师的估算，完成一个工作包很可能会需要50个星期的时间。如果一切顺利，这个工作包可能会在40个星期内完成，但是，在最糟糕的情况下，完成这个工作包可能会需要10个星期。根据计划评审技术（PERT.，对这个工作包的预期工期的估算是多少？",
        "options": {
            "A": "45个星期",
            "B": "70个星期",
            "C": "10个星期",
            "D": "140个星期"
        },
        "right": "B",
        "analysis": "998.答案:B"
    },
    {
        "id": "999",
        "question": "999.你正在和一群来自新英格兰的业务专业人员共进午餐。每一个人都叫了一份汤作为开胃菜。当你开始进餐的时候，你听到了让你感觉非常不舒服的声音：喝汤时，十个人同时发出很响的吮吸声。你们国家的人从来不这样喝汤。你所受的教育是吃东西时不能发出声音。但是，当你坐在那儿时，你意识到你的业务伙伴所受的教育使他们以一种和你完全不一样的方式吃东西。你对自己说，“这是我第一次遇到文化差异。”然后，你也开始发出很响的吮吸声。你把个人的偏见放到了一边，并采取了下一步措施，即：",
        "options": {
            "A": "把别人的生活方式融入你自己的生活方式",
            "B": "全球性地寻求新思想",
            "C": "乐于变化",
            "D": "理解并尊重他人"
        },
        "right": "D",
        "analysis": "999.答案:D"
    },
    {
        "id": "1000",
        "question": "1000.你准备与一群来自一个北部小岛的人举行谈判会议。几个世纪以来，岛国人一直以好斗和武断而著称，他们更喜欢滔滔不绝的发表自己的见解，而不愿意听别人讲话。并且，在这个岛国狂风肆虐的土地上，只有强者才能生存，这样的环境造就了这些特别强硬的谈判者。为了得到你的年终奖金，你在和他们谈判的时候，绝对不能处于不利地位。因此，你必须集中精力去：",
        "options": {
            "A": "布置谈判室",
            "B": "讨好对方最强有力的谈判者，以赢得他的信任",
            "C": "积极地倾听",
            "D": "为谈判过程中地每一个步骤设定并遵循严格的时间限制"
        },
        "right": "C",
        "analysis": "1000.答案:C"
    }
]